{"jewish-exodus-from-the-muslim-world":{"extract":"Approximately 900,000 Jews migrated, fled, or were expelled from Muslim-majority countries throughout Africa and Asia in the 20th century, primarily after the establishment of the State of Israel. Large-scale migrations were also organized, sponsored, and facilitated by Zionist organizations such as Mossad LeAliyah Bet, the Jewish Agency, and the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society. The mass movement mainly transpired from 1948 to the early 1970s, with one final exodus of Iranian Jews occurring shortly after the Islamic Revolution in 1979–1980. An estimated 650,000 (72%) of these Jews resettled in Israel.\n\nA number of small-scale Jewish migrations began across the Middle East in the early 20th century, with the only substantial aliyot (Jewish immigrations to the Land of Israel) coming from Yemen and Syria. Few Jews from Muslim countries immigrated during the British Mandate for Palestine. Prior to Israel's independence in 1948, approximately 800,000 Jews were living on lands that now make up the Arab world. Of these, just under two-thirds lived in the French- and Italian-controlled regions of North Africa, 15–20% lived in the Kingdom of Iraq, approximately 10% lived in the Kingdom of Egypt, and approximately 7% lived in the Aden Colony, Aden Protectorate and the Kingdom of Yemen. A further 200,000 Jews lived in the Imperial State of Iran and the Republic of Turkey. The first large-scale exoduses took place in the late 1940s and early 1950s, primarily from Iraq, Yemen, and Libya. In these cases, over 90% of the Jewish population left, leaving their assets and properties behind. Between 1948 and 1951, 250,000 Jews immigrated to Israel from Arab countries. In response, the Israeli government implemented policies to accommodate 600,000 immigrants over four years, doubling the country's Jewish population. Reactions in the Knesset were mixed; in addition to some Israeli officials, there were those within the Jewish Agency who opposed promoting a large-scale emigration movement among Jews whose lives were not in immediate danger.\n\nLater waves peaked at different times in different regions over the subsequent decades. The exodus from Egypt peaked in 1956, following the Suez Crisis; emigrations from other North African countries peaked in the 1960s. Lebanon's Jewish population temporarily increased due to an influx of Jews from other Arab countries, before it dwindled by the mid-1970s. 600,000 Jews from Arab and Muslim countries had relocated to Israel by 1972, while another 300,000 migrated to France, the United States and Canada. Today, the descendants of Jews who immigrated to Israel from other Middle Eastern lands (known as Mizrahi Jews and Sephardic Jews) constitute more than half of all Israelis. The Jewish Agency for Israel estimated that the total number of Jews in Arab and Muslim countries in 2023 was 27,000, with Turkey having 14,200 Jewish residents and Iran having 9,100.\n\nThe reasons for the exoduses include: pull factors such as the desire to fulfill Zionism, better economic prospects and security, and the Jewish Agency for Palestine's 1944 \"One Million Plan\" to encourage and accommodate Jewish immigrants from Arab- and Muslim-majority countries; and push factors such as violent and other forms of antisemitism in the Arab world, political instability, poverty, and expulsion. The history of the exodus has been politicized, given its proposed relevance to the historical narrative of the Arab–Israeli conflict. Those who view the Jewish exodus as analogous to the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight generally emphasize the push factors and consider those who left to have been refugees, while those who oppose that view generally emphasize the pull factors and consider the Jews to have been willing emigrants.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1380077539,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-13T17:11:43Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_exodus_from_the_Muslim_world","wikidata_qid":"Q276172","wikidata_classes":["ethnic cleansing","mass migration","exodus","population transfer"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"country-fallback:Iraq","text_from_article":null,"hand_picked":true,"date_precision":null,"framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"includes":[{"id":"operation-magic-carpet-yemen","title":"Operation Magic Carpet (Yemen)","date_start":"1949-06-01"}]},"capture-of-mecca-1924":{"extract":"The Capture of Mecca took place on 5 December 1924 in Mecca, as part of the Saudi conquest of the Kingdom of Hejaz by King Abdulaziz Ibn Saud of the Sultanate of Nejd. The Hejaz region was ruled as a kingdom under King Hussein bin Ali of the Hashemite family.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370609153,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-22T02:27:42Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capture_of_Mecca_(1924)","wikidata_qid":"Q4871705","wikidata_classes":["battle","conquest"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"year","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q7427167","label":"Saudi conquest of Hejaz"}],"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"grand-mosque-seizure","title":"Grand Mosque seizure","date_start":"1979-11-20","km":0.1,"bearing":204}]}},"haditha-massacre":{"extract":"The Haditha massacre was a series of killings on November 19, 2005, in which a group of United States Marines killed 25 unarmed Iraqi civilians. It occurred in the city of Haditha in Iraq's western province of Al Anbar. Among the dead were men, women, elderly people and children as young as one year old, who were shot multiple times at close range. The massacre took place after an improvised explosive device (IED) exploded near a convoy, killing a lance corporal and severely injuring two other marines. In retaliation, the marines killed five men from a nearby taxicab and 19 others inside four nearby homes.\n\nAn initial Marine Corps communique falsely reported that 15 civilians were killed by the bomb's blast and that eight insurgents were subsequently killed by the marines. A Time magazine reporter's questions prompted the US military to open an investigation into the incident. The investigation found evidence that \"supports accusations that U.S. Marines deliberately shot civilians\", according to an anonymous Pentagon official. Three officers were officially reprimanded for failing to properly initially report and investigate the killings. On December 21, 2006, eight marines from 3rd Battalion, 1st Marines were charged in connection with the incident.\n\nBy June 17, 2008, six defendants had their cases dropped and a seventh was found not guilty. The only one of the eight charged to face punishment was Staff Sergeant Frank Wuterich. On October 3, 2007, the Article 32 hearing investigating officer recommended that charges of murder be dropped and Wuterich be tried for negligent homicide in the deaths of two women and five children. Further charges of assault and manslaughter were ultimately dropped. Wuterich pled guilty to the only remaining charge, one count of negligent dereliction of duty, and was convicted on January 24, 2012. Wuterich received a rank reduction and pay cut but avoided jail time. Iraqis expressed disbelief and voiced outrage after the six-year U.S. military prosecution ended with none of the marines sentenced to incarceration. A lawyer for the victims stated \"this is an assault on humanity\" before adding that he, as well as the government of Iraq, might bring the case to international courts.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1379320977,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-09T06:11:06Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haditha_massacre","wikidata_qid":"Q981327","wikidata_classes":["massacre","war crime"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q6627258","label":"list of massacres in Iraq"}],"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"operation-martyr-soleimani","title":"Operation Martyr Soleimani","date_start":"2020-01-08","km":38.1,"bearing":172}],"same_time":[{"id":"2005-amman-bombings","title":"2005 Amman bombings","date_start":"2005-11-09"},{"id":"december-2005-iraqi-parliamentary-election","title":"December 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election","date_start":"2005-12-15"},{"id":"2006-palestinian-legislative-election","title":"2006 Palestinian legislative election","date_start":"2006-01-25"},{"id":"2005-egyptian-presidential-election","title":"2005 Egyptian presidential election","date_start":"2005-09-07"},{"id":"iraqi-civil-war-2006-2008","title":"Iraqi civil war (2006–2008)","date_start":"2006-02-22"}]}},"assassination-of-saleh-al-arouri":{"extract":"On 2 January 2024, Saleh al-Arouri, the deputy leader of Hamas, was killed in an Israeli strike on an office in the Dahieh suburbs of Beirut, Lebanon. The strike also killed six other individuals, including additional high-ranking Hamas militants.\n\nSaleh al-Arouri was the deputy leader of the Hamas political bureau and one of the architects of the October 7 attacks. He was also responsible for the expansion of Hamas' activities in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, including attacks on Israelis. This attack was widely believed to have been carried out by Israel, Hamas' main adversary. However, Israel did not confirm its involvement in this incident until May 2025 when al-Arouri's name and photo was included in a publicity photo of Hamas leaders that were killed by Israel.\n\nThe assassination occurred a day before Hezbollah commemorated the fourth anniversary of the assassination (in Hezbollah's view, martyrdom) of senior Iranian IRGC military commander Qasem Soleimani.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1378614383,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-05T06:23:31Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Saleh_al-Arouri","wikidata_qid":"Q124086310","wikidata_classes":["assassination"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"2024-hezbollah-headquarters-strike","title":"2024 Hezbollah headquarters strike","date_start":"2024-09-27","km":1.2,"bearing":236},{"id":"2015-beirut-bombings","title":"2015 Beirut bombings","date_start":"2015-11-12","km":1.4,"bearing":226},{"id":"2021-beirut-clashes","title":"2021 Beirut clashes","date_start":"2021-10-14","km":1.5,"bearing":359},{"id":"sabra-and-shatila-massacre","title":"Sabra and Shatila massacre","date_start":"1982-09-16","km":1.6,"bearing":292},{"id":"battle-of-beirut-1912","title":"Battle of Beirut (1912)","date_start":"1912-02-24","km":3.3,"bearing":358}],"same_time":[{"id":"2024-kerman-bombings","title":"2024 Kerman bombings","date_start":"2024-01-03"},{"id":"us-uk-airstrikes-on-yemen","title":"US–UK airstrikes on Yemen","date_start":"2024-01-12"},{"id":"2024-iranian-missile-strikes-in-iraq-and-syria","title":"2024 Iranian missile strikes in Iraq and Syria","date_start":"2024-01-15"},{"id":"operation-prosperity-guardian","title":"Operation Prosperity Guardian","date_start":"2023-12-18"},{"id":"operation-marg-bar-sarmachar","title":"Operation Marg Bar Sarmachar","date_start":"2024-01-18"}]}},"assassination-of-ismail-haniyeh":{"extract":"On 31 July 2024, Ismail Haniyeh, the political leader of Hamas, was assassinated along with his personal bodyguard in the Iranian capital Tehran by an Israeli attack. Haniyeh was killed in his accommodation in a military-run guesthouse after attending the inauguration ceremony for Iranian president Masoud Pezeshkian. Nasser Kanaani, the spokesman of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iran, condemned this assassination and said that Haniyeh's \"blood will never be wasted\".\n\nThe cause of Haniyeh's death is under investigation by Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). Differing reports emerged as to how he was killed, ranging from a missile strike to a remotely detonated explosive device previously hidden in his bedroom at the IRGC-run guesthouse. According to analysts, the assassination exposed critical security flaws. The investigation has led to the arrest of over two dozen individuals, including senior intelligence and military officials, as well as staff from the guesthouse.\n\nHaniyeh was a prominent figure within Hamas since the organization's founding in 1987. He previously served as the prime minister of the Palestinian Authority and as Hamas Chief in the Gaza Strip. In 2017, he was elected head of the Hamas Political Bureau. Haniyeh was the highest-ranking Hamas political leader killed since the start of the Gaza war.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1350592739,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-04-22T20:44:34Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Ismail_Haniyeh","wikidata_qid":"Q128172378","wikidata_classes":["homicide","assassination"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q122962941","label":"Gaza War","id":"2023-israel-hamas-war"},{"qid":"Q124373310","label":"Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present)","id":"middle-eastern-crisis-2023-present"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"majdal-shams-attack","title":"Majdal Shams attack","date_start":"2024-07-27"},{"id":"july-2024-houthi-israel-attacks","title":"July 2024 Houthi–Israel attacks","date_start":"2024-07-20"},{"id":"20-september-2024-beirut-attack","title":"20 September 2024 Beirut attack","date_start":"2024-09-20"},{"id":"nuseirat-rescue-and-massacre","title":"Nuseirat rescue and massacre","date_start":"2024-06-08"},{"id":"september-2024-israeli-attacks-against-lebanon","title":"September 2024 Israeli attacks against Lebanon","date_start":"2024-09-23"}],"nearby":[{"id":"iran-hostage-crisis","title":"Iran hostage crisis","date_start":"1979-11-04","km":12.4,"bearing":177},{"id":"tehran-conference","title":"Tehran Conference","date_start":"1943-11-28","km":13.4,"bearing":181},{"id":"2011-british-embassy-in-iran-attack","title":"2011 British Embassy in Iran attack","date_start":"2011-11-29","km":13.7,"bearing":179},{"id":"2017-tehran-attacks","title":"2017 Tehran attacks","date_start":"2017-06-07","km":13.7,"bearing":177},{"id":"assassination-of-ali-khamenei","title":"Assassination of Ali Khamenei","date_start":"2026-02-28","km":14.3,"bearing":186}],"same_time":[{"id":"2024-syrian-parliamentary-election","title":"2024 Syrian parliamentary election","date_start":"2024-07-15"},{"id":"2024-iranian-presidential-election","title":"2024 Iranian presidential election","date_start":"2024-07-05"},{"id":"2024-lebanon-electronic-device-attacks","title":"2024 Lebanon electronic device attacks","date_start":"2024-09-18"},{"id":"2024-hezbollah-headquarters-strike","title":"2024 Hezbollah headquarters strike","date_start":"2024-09-27"},{"id":"october-2024-iranian-strikes-on-israel","title":"October 2024 Iranian strikes on Israel","date_start":"2024-10-01"}]}},"rojava-revolution":{"extract":"The Rojava Revolution, also known as the Rojava conflict, was a political upheaval and military conflict that took place from 2012 to 2026 in northern Syria, known among Kurds as Western Kurdistan or Rojava.\n\nDuring the Syrian civil war that began in 2011, a Kurdish-dominated coalition led by the Democratic Union Party as well as some other Kurdish, Arab, Assyrian, and Turkmen groups had sought to establish a new constitution for the autonomous region, while military wings and allied militias fought to maintain control of the region. This led to the establishment of the Democratic Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (DAANES) in 2016.\n\nSupporters of the Kurdish movement viewed the events as a social revolution in which women had played a prominent role both on the battlefield and within the formed political system, alongside the implementation of democratic confederalism, a form of libertarian socialism that emphasized decentralization, gender equality and the need for local governance through direct democracy.\n\nThe 2026 northeastern Syria offensive by the Syrian armed forces under the transitional government marked the effective end of the conflict and autonomous Rojava in mid-January 2026, as the SDF and DAANES agreed to integrate into the Syrian army and government.\n\nOn August 20, 2026, the DAANES was integrated into the Syrian state, ending the conflict.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1372396634,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-31T15:16:19Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rojava_Revolution","wikidata_qid":"Q2384201","wikidata_classes":["social revolution","revolution"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q178810","label":"Syrian Civil War","id":"syrian-civil-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"battle-of-aleppo-2012-2016","title":"Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)","date_start":"2012-07-19"},{"id":"houla-massacre","title":"Houla massacre","date_start":"2012-05-25"},{"id":"battle-of-ras-al-ayn-2012-13","title":"Battle of Ras al-Ayn (2012–13)","date_start":"2012-12-17"},{"id":"battle-of-raqqa-2013","title":"Battle of Raqqa (2013)","date_start":"2013-03-02"},{"id":"ghouta-chemical-attack","title":"Ghouta chemical attack","date_start":"2013-08-21"}],"same_time":[{"id":"battle-of-damascus-2012","title":"Battle of Damascus (2012)","date_start":"2012-07-15"},{"id":"2012-egyptian-presidential-election","title":"2012 Egyptian presidential election","date_start":"2012-06-16"},{"id":"2012-syrian-parliamentary-election","title":"2012 Syrian parliamentary election","date_start":"2012-05-07"},{"id":"2012-homs-offensive","title":"2012 Homs offensive","date_start":"2012-04-14"},{"id":"2012-gaza-war","title":"2012 Gaza War","date_start":"2012-11-14"}]}},"2024-lebanon-war":{"extract":"A war between Israel and Hezbollah took place in Lebanon during 2024 amid the Middle Eastern crisis. The war began in September 2024 following nearly 12 months of conflict between Israel and Hezbollah, when the former initiated major attacks in Lebanon including an attack on pagers and electronic devices, the assassination of Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah, and an aerial bombing campaign throughout the country. The war escalated on 1 October, when Israel crossed the Blue Line in its sixth invasion of Lebanon since 1978. On 26 November, Israel and Lebanon signed a ceasefire agreement, mediated by France and the United States. The ceasefire went into effect on 27 November, though some attacks continued as part of the broader conflict.\n\nHostilities between Hezbollah and Israel erupted shortly after Hamas' October 7 attack on Israel, when Hezbollah joined the conflict in support of Hamas, launching rockets into northern Israel and the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights. Cross borders attacks resulted in a large number of displaced people on both sides of the border. Prior to the war, Israel had requested that Hezbollah implement United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701 (UNSCR 1701) and withdraw its forces north of the Litani River. Hezbollah vowed to keep fighting until Israel halted its operations in Gaza. Diplomatic efforts from the United States and France proved ineffective in resolving the conflict by 18 September.\n\nAfterwards, Israel commenced attacks throughout Lebanon throughout the rest of the month. The attacks saw heavy casualties, killing over 800 Lebanese people in one week in late September. Israel stated that it had been operating to remove the threat that Hezbollah's military capabilities was posing. At the start of the invasion in October, the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) withdrew from parts of the Blue Line. On 27 November, the ceasefire agreement came into effect. Israel has reported 56 of its soldiers and 2,762 Hezbollah militants killed in the invasion, while the Lebanese government has reported Israel killing 2,720 people in Lebanon, mostly civilians.\n\nUnder the ceasefire agreement, Israeli forces were to withdraw from Lebanon by 26 January 2025, but Israel refused to do so, leading to a new deadline of Israeli withdrawal by 18 February 2025. Israel did not fully withdraw by the new deadline, as it withdrew troops from Lebanese villages but kept Israeli forces maintaining five military outposts on highlands in Southern Lebanon.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1381512763,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-23T01:02:45Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Lebanon_war","wikidata_qid":"Q130388076","wikidata_classes":["invasion","maneuver","war"],"date_flags":["date_source_adjusted: Wikidata P585 2020-00-00 is only decade-or-coarser precision; used P580 start time 2024-10-01"],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q122974556","label":"Hezbollah–Israel conflict (2023–present)","id":"2024-israel-hezbollah-conflict"},{"qid":"Q130354504","label":"September 2024 Israeli attacks against Lebanon","id":"september-2024-israeli-attacks-against-lebanon"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"2024-hezbollah-headquarters-strike","title":"2024 Hezbollah headquarters strike","date_start":"2024-09-27"},{"id":"20-september-2024-beirut-attack","title":"20 September 2024 Beirut attack","date_start":"2024-09-20"},{"id":"2024-lebanon-electronic-device-attacks","title":"2024 Lebanon electronic device attacks","date_start":"2024-09-18"},{"id":"2024-israel-lebanon-ceasefire-agreement","title":"2024 Israel–Lebanon ceasefire agreement","date_start":"2024-11-27"},{"id":"majdal-shams-attack","title":"Majdal Shams attack","date_start":"2024-07-27"}]}},"2001-iranian-presidential-election":{"extract":"Presidential elections were held in Iran on 8 June 2001. The result was a victory for incumbent president Mohammad Khatami, who was re-elected for a second term.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1311393561,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2025-09-15T02:30:48Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Iranian_presidential_election","wikidata_qid":"Q660173","wikidata_classes":["Iranian presidential election","public election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"dolphinarium-discotheque-bombing","title":"Dolphinarium discotheque bombing","date_start":"2001-06-01"},{"id":"sbarro-restaurant-suicide-bombing","title":"Sbarro restaurant suicide bombing","date_start":"2001-08-09"},{"id":"2001-israeli-prime-ministerial-election","title":"2001 Israeli prime ministerial election","date_start":"2001-02-06"}]}},"2026-onikisubat-school-shooting":{"extract":"On 15 April 2026, a school shooting occurred at the Ayser Çalık Secondary School in the Onikişubat district of Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey. İsa Aras Mersinli, a 13-year-old student enrolled at the school, shot and killed 12 people and injured 13 more. Mersinli died from hypovolemic shock after sustaining a fatal knife injury while attempting to flee the scene.\n\nThe shooting occurred the day after a school shooting in the Siverek district of Şanlıurfa Province. It is the deadliest school shooting in the history of Turkey.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1381343204,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-21T19:39:51Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Oniki%C5%9Fubat_school_shooting","wikidata_qid":"Q139373327","wikidata_classes":["school shooting","mass shooting","mass murder","pedicide","stabbing"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"battle-of-marash","title":"Battle of Marash","date_start":"1920-01-21","km":5.3,"bearing":92}],"same_time":[{"id":"assassination-of-ali-larijani","title":"Assassination of Ali Larijani","date_start":"2026-03-17"},{"id":"2026-iranian-supreme-leader-election","title":"2026 Iranian supreme leader election","date_start":"2026-03-08"},{"id":"sinking-of-iris-dena","title":"Sinking of IRIS Dena","date_start":"2026-03-04"},{"id":"2026-lebanon-war","title":"2026 Lebanon war","date_start":"2026-03-02"},{"id":"2026-minab-school-attack","title":"2026 Minab school attack","date_start":"2026-02-28"}]}},"operation-guardian-of-the-walls":{"extract":"A major outbreak of violence in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, sometimes called the Unity Intifada, mainly commenced on 10 May 2021 and continued until a ceasefire came into effect on 21 May. It was marked by protests and police riot control, rocket attacks on Israel by Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), and Israeli airstrikes in the Gaza Strip. The crisis was triggered on 6 May, when Palestinians in East Jerusalem began protesting over an anticipated decision of the Supreme Court of Israel on the eviction of six Palestinian families in the East Jerusalem neighborhood of Sheikh Jarrah. Under international law, the area, effectively annexed by Israel in 1980, is a part of the Israeli-occupied West Bank. On 7 May, according to Israel's Channel 12, Palestinians threw stones at Israeli police forces, who then stormed the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound using tear gas, rubber bullets, and stun grenades. The crisis prompted protests around the world as well as official reactions from world leaders.\n\nThe violence coincided with Qadr Night (8 May), observed by Muslims, and Jerusalem Day (9–10 May), an Israeli national holiday celebrating the occupation of East Jerusalem in 1967. The confrontations occurred ahead of a planned Jerusalem Day parade known as the Dance of Flags by far-right Jewish nationalists, which was later canceled. More than 600 people were injured, mostly Palestinians, drawing international condemnation. Israel's Supreme Court ruling on evictions from Sheikh Jarrah was then delayed for 30 days as Avichai Mandelblit, the erstwhile attorney general of Israel, sought to reduce tensions.\n\nOn the afternoon of 10 May, Hamas gave Israel an ultimatum to withdraw its security forces from both the Temple Mount complex and Sheikh Jarrah by 6 p.m. When the ultimatum expired without a response, both Hamas and PIJ launched rockets from the Gaza Strip into Israel; some of these rockets hit Israeli residences and a school. Israel then began a campaign of airstrikes against Gaza; by 16 May, some 950 targets had been attacked, demolishing completely or partially 18 buildings, including four high-rise towers, 40 schools and four hospitals, while also striking the al-Shati refugee camp. Additionally, at least 19 medical facilities were damaged or destroyed by the Israeli bombardment. By 17 May, the United Nations estimated that Israeli airstrikes had destroyed 94 buildings in Gaza, comprising 461 housing and commercial units, including the al-Jalaa Highrise; housing offices of the Associated Press, the Al Jazeera Media Network, and other news outlets; and 60 condominiums.\n\nAs a result of the violence, at least 256 Palestinians, including 66 children, were killed (including at least seven from friendly fire). In Israel, at least 13 people were killed, including two children. The Gaza Ministry of Health reported that more than 1,900 Palestinians were injured, and as of 12 May, at least 200 Israelis were reported to have been injured. As of 19 May, at least 72,000 Palestinians have been displaced. Around 4,360 Palestinian rockets were fired towards Israel, of which 680 landed within the Gaza Strip, and over 90 percent of rockets bound towards populated areas were intercepted by Israel's Iron Dome. Israel conducted around 1,500 aerial, land, and sea strikes on the Gaza Strip. Calls for a ceasefire were first proposed on 13 May by Hamas, but rejected by Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu. On 18 May, France, along with Egypt and Jordan, announced the filing of a United Nations Security Council resolution for a ceasefire. Egypt mediated a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, which came into effect on 21 May 2021, ending 11 days of fighting in which both sides claimed victory. On 16 June 2021, incendiary balloons were launched from Gaza into Israel, which the Israeli Air Force responded to with multiple airstrikes in the Gaza Strip, resuming the fighting.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1372784783,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-02T07:03:18Z","data_fixes":[{"ref":"F11","anchor":"f11---pins-that-were-another-items-location-owners-rule-an-event-is-pinned-only-at-its-own-location"}],"wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Israel%E2%80%93Palestine_crisis","wikidata_qid":"Q106786309","wikidata_classes":["armed conflict","military operation"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":"2021 Israel–Palestine crisis","date_precision":"month","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"Describes Jerusalem Day as \"celebrating the occupation of East Jerusalem\" as fact (Israelis call it reunification). Casualties, rockets and the Hamas ultimatum are all reported.","highlights":["celebrating the occupation of East Jerusalem"]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[{"text":"celebrating the occupation of East Jerusalem","kind":"fairness"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q106775117","label":"2021 Israel–Palestine crisis","id":"2021-israel-palestine-crisis"},{"qid":"Q553184","label":"Gaza–Israel conflict","id":"gaza-israel-conflict"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"2022-gaza-israel-clashes","title":"2022 Gaza–Israel clashes","date_start":"2022-08-01"},{"id":"may-2023-gaza-israel-clashes","title":"May 2023 Gaza–Israel clashes","date_start":"2023-05-01"},{"id":"2023-israel-hamas-war","title":"Gaza war","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"october-7-attacks","title":"October 7 attacks","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"2018-2019-gaza-border-protests","title":"2018–2019 Gaza border protests","date_start":"2018-03-30"}]}}}