{"arab-spring":{"extract":"The Arab Spring (Arabic: الربيع العربي, romanized: ar-rabīʻ al-ʻarabī) was a series of pro-democracy anti-government protests, uprisings, and armed rebellions that spread across much of the Arab world in the early 2010s. It began in Tunisia in response to the death of Mohamed Bouazizi by self-immolation. From Tunisia, the protests initially spread to five other countries: Libya, Egypt, Yemen, Syria and Bahrain. The rulers deposed include: Zine El Abidine Ben Ali of Tunisia, Muammar Gaddafi of Libya, and Hosni Mubarak of Egypt, all in 2011; and Ali Abdullah Saleh of Yemen in 2012. Major uprisings and social violence occurred, including riots, civil wars, or insurgencies. Sustained street demonstrations took place in Morocco, Iraq, Algeria, Lebanon, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman and Sudan. Minor protests took place in Djibouti, Mauritania, Palestine, Saudi Arabia and the Western Sahara. A major slogan of the demonstrators in the Arab world is ash-shaʻb yurīd isqāṭ an-niẓām! (Arabic: الشعب يريد إسقاط النظام, lit. 'the people want to bring down the regime').\n\nThe wave of initial revolutions and protests faded by mid- to late 2012, as many Arab Spring demonstrations were met with violent responses from authorities, pro-government militias, counterdemonstrators, and militaries. These attacks were answered with violence from protesters in some cases. Multiple large-scale conflicts followed: the Syrian civil war; the rise of ISIS, insurgency in Iraq and the following civil war; the Egyptian Crisis, election and removal from office of Mohamed Morsi, and subsequent unrest and insurgency; the Libyan crisis; and the Yemeni crisis and subsequent civil war. Regimes that lacked major oil wealth and hereditary succession arrangements were more likely to undergo regime change.\n\nA power struggle continued after the immediate response to the Arab Spring. While leadership changed and regimes were held accountable, power vacuums opened across the Arab world. Ultimately, it resulted in a contentious battle between a consolidation of power by religious elites and the growing support for democracy in many Muslim-majority states. The early hopes that these popular movements would end corruption, increase political participation, and bring about greater economic equity quickly collapsed in the wake of the counter-revolutionary moves by foreign state actors in Yemen, the regional and international military interventions in Bahrain and Yemen, and the destructive civil wars in Syria, Iraq, Libya, and Yemen. Some referred to the succeeding and still ongoing conflicts as the Arab Winter.\n\nA new wave of protests began in 2018 which led to the resignation of prime ministers Haider al-Abadi of Iraq in 2018 and Saad Hariri of Lebanon in 2020, and the overthrow of presidents Omar al-Bashir of Sudan and Abdelaziz Bouteflika of Algeria in 2019. Sometimes called the \"Second Arab Spring\", these events showed how the conditions that started the Arab Spring have not faded and political movements against authoritarianism and exploitation remain ongoing. Continued protest movements in Algeria, Sudan, Iraq, Lebanon, Egypt, and Syria have been seen as a continuation of the Arab Spring.\n\nAs of 2025, multiple conflicts are still continuing, which some have considered as originating from the Arab Spring. A major shift in the Syrian civil war occurred in December 2024, when a rebel offensive led to the fall of the Assad regime after over a decade of warfare. In Libya, a major civil war concluded, with foreign powers intervening. In Yemen, a civil war continues to affect the country.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1381609646,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-23T17:28:27Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Spring","wikidata_qid":"Q33761","wikidata_classes":["protest","rebellion","civil war","revolution","war","armed conflict"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"hand_picked":true,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"includes":[{"id":"iraqi-insurgency-2011-2013","title":"Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013)","date_start":"2011-01-01"},{"id":"egyptian-revolution-of-2011","title":"2011 Egyptian revolution","date_start":"2011-01-25"},{"id":"yemeni-revolution","title":"Yemeni revolution","date_start":"2011-01-27"},{"id":"2011-bahraini-uprising","title":"2011 Bahraini uprising","date_start":"2011-02-14"},{"id":"2011-2012-iranian-protests","title":"2011–2012 Iranian protests","date_start":"2011-02-14"},{"id":"syrian-civil-war","title":"Syrian civil war","date_start":"2011-03-15"},{"id":"syrian-revolution","title":"Syrian revolution","date_start":"2011-03-15"},{"id":"2012-2013-egyptian-protests","title":"2012–2013 Egyptian protests","date_start":"2012-11-22"}],"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"2011-alexandria-bombing","title":"2011 Alexandria bombing","date_start":"2011-01-01"},{"id":"2010-baghdad-church-siege","title":"2010 Baghdad church siege","date_start":"2010-10-31"},{"id":"sinai-insurgency","title":"Sinai insurgency","date_start":"2011-02-05"},{"id":"2010-turkish-constitutional-referendum","title":"2010 Turkish constitutional referendum","date_start":"2010-09-12"},{"id":"siege-of-daraa","title":"Siege of Daraa","date_start":"2011-04-25"}]}},"capture-of-damascus-1918":{"extract":"The Capture of Damascus marked a victory of the British and Arab armies in their campaign against the Ottoman empire in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I. The capture took place on 1 October 1918 after the capture of Haifa and the victory at the Battle of Samakh which opened the way for the pursuit north from the Sea of Galilee and the Third Transjordan attack which opened the way to Deraa and the inland pursuit, after the decisive Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) victory at the Battle of Megiddo during the Sinai and Palestine campaign of World War I. Damascus was captured when Indian British troops under general Barrow, the Desert Mounted Corps under general Chauvel, Prince Faisal's Sharifial Hejaz Army and an Arab army under Sharif Nasir of Medina encircled the city. Faced with this superior force, the German and Turkish troops in the city surrendered very quickly.\n\nDuring the pursuit to Damascus, many rearguards established by remnants of the Ottoman Fourth, Seventh and Eighth Armies were attacked and captured by Prince Feisal's Sherifial Army and the Desert Mounted Corps' Australian Mounted Division, and 4th and the 5th Cavalry Divisions. The important strategic success of capturing Damascus resulted in political manoeuvring by representatives from France, Britain and Prince Feisal's force.\n\nFollowing the victories at the Battle of Sharon and Battle of Nablus during the Battle of Megiddo, on 25 September, the combined attacks by the XXI Corps, Desert Mounted Corps, the XX Corps supported by extensive aerial bombing attacks, gained all objectives. The Ottoman Seventh and Eighth Armies in the Judean Hills were forced by the attacks at Tulkarm, and Tabsor to disengage and retreat, in turn forcing the Fourth Army, east of the Jordan River to avoid outflanking by retreating from Amman when they were attacked by Chaytor's Force. As a consequence of these withdrawals large numbers of prisoners were captured at Jenin while the surviving columns retreated behind a strong rearguard at Samakh.\n\nThe commander of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, General Edmund Allenby ordered Lieutenant General Harry Chauvel's Desert Mounted Corps to pursue the remnants of the three Ottoman armies and capture Damascus. The 4th Cavalry Division began the pursuit, attacking rearguards along the inland road at Irbid on 26 September, at Er Remta and Prince Feisal's Sherifial Army captured Deraa on 27 September. The Australian Mounted Division attacked rearguards along the main road, at Jisr Benat Yakub on 27 September, occupying Quneitra the next day, at Sa'sa' on 29/30 September, and at Kaukab and the Barada Gorge on 30 September, while the 5th Cavalry Division also attacked a rearguard at Kiswe the same day. Following these successful attacks and advances the 3rd Light Horse Brigade was ordered to move north of Damascus, marching through the city on the morning of 1 October to continue their attack on the retreating columns, cutting the road to Homs.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370608530,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-22T02:25:00Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capture_of_Damascus_(1918)","wikidata_qid":"Q5037002","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q727536","label":"Sinai and Palestine Campaign","id":"sinai-and-palestine-campaign"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"battle-of-megiddo-1918","title":"Battle of Megiddo (1918)","date_start":"1918-01-01"},{"id":"battle-of-beersheba-1917","title":"Battle of Beersheba (1917)","date_start":"1917-10-31"},{"id":"stalemate-in-southern-palestine","title":"Stalemate in Southern Palestine","date_start":"1917-04-01"}],"nearby":[{"id":"battle-of-damascus-2012","title":"Battle of Damascus (2012)","date_start":"2012-07-15","km":0.2,"bearing":258},{"id":"mar-elias-church-attack","title":"Mar Elias Church attack","date_start":"2025-06-22","km":2.1,"bearing":119},{"id":"israeli-airstrike-on-the-iranian-consulate-in-damascus","title":"Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus","date_start":"2024-04-01","km":3.8,"bearing":255},{"id":"fall-of-damascus-2024","title":"Fall of Damascus (2024)","date_start":"2024-12-07","km":4.7,"bearing":276},{"id":"ghouta-chemical-attack","title":"Ghouta chemical attack","date_start":"2013-08-21","km":4.8,"bearing":80}],"same_time":[{"id":"battle-of-haifa-1918","title":"Battle of Haifa (1918)","date_start":"1918-09-23"},{"id":"armistice-of-mudros","title":"Armistice of Mudros","date_start":"1918-10-30"},{"id":"occupation-of-constantinople","title":"Occupation of Constantinople","date_start":"1918-11-13"}]}},"battle-of-latakia":{"extract":"The Battle of Latakia (Arabic: معركة اللاذقية; Hebrew: קרב לטקיה) was a small but revolutionary naval action of the Yom Kippur War, fought on 7 October 1973 between Israel and Syria. It was the first naval battle in history to see combat between surface-to-surface missile-equipped missile boats and the use of electronic deception.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370447302,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-21T04:18:10Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Latakia","wikidata_qid":"Q743358","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q49100","label":"Yom Kippur War","id":"yom-kippur-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"ofira-air-battle","title":"Ofira Air Battle","date_start":"1973-10-06"},{"id":"battle-of-baltim","title":"Battle of Baltim","date_start":"1973-10-09"},{"id":"valley-of-tears","title":"Valley of Tears","date_start":"1973-10-09"},{"id":"battle-of-the-chinese-farm","title":"Battle of the Chinese Farm","date_start":"1973-01-01"},{"id":"operation-badr-1973","title":"Operation Badr (1973)","date_start":"1973-01-01"}],"nearby":[{"id":"syria-missile-strikes-september-2018","title":"Syria missile strikes (September 2018)","date_start":"2018-09-17","km":5.3,"bearing":76}],"same_time":[{"id":"1973-israeli-legislative-election","title":"1973 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"1973-12-31"}]}},"2017-jerusalem-truck-attack":{"extract":"A vehicle-ramming attack occurred in Jerusalem on 8 January 2017. A truck driven by an Arab citizen of Israel plowed into a group of uniformed Israel Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers disembarking from a bus on the Armon Hanatziv Promenade in East Jerusalem's East Talpiot neighborhood, close to the Trotner park and UNTSO headquarters, killing four and injuring 15.\n\nHours after the incident, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu blamed the Islamic State for the attack, raising questions about how he came to that conclusion. Opponents criticized the Israeli government for downplaying the political side. Later, the attack was claimed by an unknown Palestinian group called \"The Martyr of Baha Alyan Collective\", citing political motives. The attack was condemned by the United Nations, European Union, the United States and others.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1373752870,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-07T19:04:57Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_Jerusalem_truck_attack","wikidata_qid":"Q28149391","wikidata_classes":["vehicle-ramming attack","mass murder","terrorist attack"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q21083298","label":"2015–2016 wave of violence in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"june-2016-tel-aviv-shooting","title":"June 2016 Tel Aviv shooting","date_start":"2016-06-08"}],"nearby":[{"id":"king-david-hotel-bombing","title":"King David Hotel bombing","date_start":"1946-07-22","km":2.4,"bearing":339},{"id":"semiramis-hotel-bombing","title":"Semiramis Hotel bombing","date_start":"1948-01-05","km":2.4,"bearing":292},{"id":"2022-al-aqsa-clashes","title":"2022 Al-Aqsa clashes","date_start":"2022-04-15","km":2.5,"bearing":10},{"id":"battle-of-jerusalem-1917","title":"Battle of Jerusalem","date_start":"1917-11-17","km":2.5,"bearing":351},{"id":"1920-nebi-musa-riots","title":"1920 Nebi Musa riots","date_start":"1920-04-04","km":2.5,"bearing":6}],"same_time":[{"id":"istanbul-nightclub-shooting","title":"Istanbul nightclub shooting","date_start":"2017-01-01"},{"id":"assassination-of-andrei-karlov","title":"Assassination of Andrei Karlov","date_start":"2016-12-19"},{"id":"botroseya-church-bombing","title":"Botroseya Church bombing","date_start":"2016-12-11"},{"id":"2016-besiktas-bombings","title":"2016 Beşiktaş bombings","date_start":"2016-12-10"},{"id":"palmyra-offensive-december-2016","title":"Palmyra offensive (December 2016)","date_start":"2016-12-08"}]}},"armistice-of-erzincan":{"extract":"The Armistice of Erzincan (also spelled Erzindzhan or Erzinjan) was an agreement to suspend hostilities during World War I signed by the Ottoman Empire and Transcaucasian Commissariat in Erzincan on 18 December 1917 (5 December O.S.). The armistice brought temporary peace to the Caucasian and Persian Fronts until 12 February, when the fighting was resumed.\n\nThe status of the Transcaucasian Commissariat was unclear at the time: the Ottomans regarded it as an independent entity, a legal successor of the Russian Empire, while the Commissariat still considered itself a part of the Russian Republic. The Ottoman Empire was already party to the Brest-Litovsk armistice with Russia (15 December) that covered the Caucasian and Persian Fronts. After receiving a ceasefire proposal from Vehib Pasha, commander of the Ottoman Third Army, the Commissariat authorised the commander of the Russian Caucasus Front, General Przhevalski, to negotiate an armistice with his Ottoman opposite. The result was the Erzincan Armistice, after which the Russian troops began to withdraw, leaving the Transcaucasian Commissariat completely undefended.\n\nA supplement to the armistice was signed on the same day, demarcating the line of occupation between the two sides. On 24 February the Brest-Litovsk armistice was broken by Germany and became of no effect. Both armistices were superseded by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Russia, signed on 3 March 1918, and the Treaty of Batum with the successor states of the Transcaucasian Commissariat, signed 4 June.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1354240163,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-05-15T04:35:25Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armistice_of_Erzincan","wikidata_qid":"Q28048694","wikidata_classes":["armistice","treaty","ceasefire"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"battle-of-jerusalem-1917","title":"Battle of Jerusalem","date_start":"1917-11-17"},{"id":"battle-of-imbros","title":"Battle of Imbros","date_start":"1918-01-20"},{"id":"balfour-declaration","title":"Balfour Declaration","date_start":"1917-11-02"},{"id":"third-battle-of-gaza","title":"Third Battle of Gaza","date_start":"1917-11-01"},{"id":"battle-of-beersheba-1917","title":"Battle of Beersheba (1917)","date_start":"1917-10-31"}]}},"battle-of-dumlup-nar":{"extract":"The Battle of Dumlupınar (Greek: Μάχη του Τουμλού Μπουνάρ, romanized: Máchi tou Toumloú Bounár, Turkish: Dumlupınar (Meydan) Muharebesi, lit. 'Dumlupınar (Field) Battle'), also known as Field Battle of the Commander-in-Chief (Turkish: Başkumandanlık Meydan Muharebesi) in Turkey, was one of the important battles in the Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922) (part of the Turkish War of Independence). The battle was fought from 26 to 30 August 1922 near Dumlupınar, Kütahya in Turkey.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370439473,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-21T03:27:36Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Dumlup%C4%B1nar","wikidata_qid":"Q2445317","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q6102087","label":"Great Offensive"}],"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"turkish-capture-of-smyrna","title":"Turkish capture of Smyrna","date_start":"1922-09-09"},{"id":"armistice-of-mudanya","title":"Armistice of Mudanya","date_start":"1922-10-11"},{"id":"uqair-protocol-of-1922","title":"Uqair Protocol of 1922","date_start":"1922-12-02"},{"id":"unilateral-declaration-of-egyptian-independence","title":"Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence","date_start":"1922-02-28"}]}},"2012-syrian-parliamentary-election":{"extract":"Parliamentary elections were held in Syria on 7 May 2012 to elect the members of the Syrian People's Council. The elections followed the approval of a new constitution in a referendum on 26 February 2012.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1365275361,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-07-21T10:40:56Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Syrian_parliamentary_election","wikidata_qid":"Q1781416","wikidata_classes":["Syrian parliamentary election","public election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"houla-massacre","title":"Houla massacre","date_start":"2012-05-25"},{"id":"2012-homs-offensive","title":"2012 Homs offensive","date_start":"2012-04-14"},{"id":"2012-egyptian-presidential-election","title":"2012 Egyptian presidential election","date_start":"2012-06-16"},{"id":"battle-of-damascus-2012","title":"Battle of Damascus (2012)","date_start":"2012-07-15"},{"id":"2012-syrian-constitutional-referendum","title":"2012 Syrian constitutional referendum","date_start":"2012-02-26"}]}},"2015-israeli-legislative-election":{"extract":"Early legislative elections were held in Israel on 17 March 2015 to elect the 120 members of the twentieth Knesset. Disagreements within the governing coalition, particularly over the budget and a \"Jewish state\" proposal, led to the dissolution of the government in December 2014. The Labor Party and Hatnuah formed a coalition, called Zionist Union, with the hope of defeating the Likud party, which had led the previous governing coalition along with Yisrael Beiteinu, Yesh Atid, The Jewish Home, and Hatnuah.\n\nThe incumbent prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu of Likud, declared victory in the election, with Likud picking up the highest number of votes. President Reuven Rivlin granted Netanyahu an extension until 6 May 2015 to build a coalition when one had not been finalized in the first four weeks of negotiations. He formed a coalition government within two hours of the midnight 6 May deadline. His Likud party formed the coalition with the Jewish Home, United Torah Judaism, Kulanu, and Shas, with the bare minimum 61 seats. Yisrael Beiteinu later joined the coalition in May 2016.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1379939470,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-12T20:34:19Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Israeli_legislative_election","wikidata_qid":"Q17012412","wikidata_classes":["Israeli legislative election","public election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"march-2015-sanaa-mosque-bombings","title":"March 2015 Sanaa mosque bombings","date_start":"2015-03-20"},{"id":"saudi-arabian-led-intervention-in-yemen","title":"Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war","date_start":"2015-03-26"},{"id":"battle-of-idlib-2015","title":"Battle of Idlib (2015)","date_start":"2015-03-28"},{"id":"second-battle-of-tikrit","title":"Second Battle of Tikrit","date_start":"2015-03-02"},{"id":"houthi-saudi-conflict","title":"Houthi–Saudi conflict","date_start":"2015-04-02"}]}},"raqqa-campaign-2016-2017":{"extract":"The Raqqa campaign (codenamed Operation Wrath of Euphrates) was a military operation launched in November 2016 during the Rojava–Islamist conflict by the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) against the Islamic State (IS) in the Raqqa Governorate, with the goal of isolating and eventually capturing the Islamic State's capital city, Raqqa. The SDF's subsidiary goals included capturing the Tabqa Dam, the nearby city of al-Thawrah, and the Mansoura Dam further downstream. The campaign ended successfully in October 2017, with the capture of the city of Raqqa.\n\nThe offensive was concurrent with the Battle of Sirte in Libya, the Battle of Mosul in Iraq, the Battle of al-Bab in the Aleppo Governorate, the Palmyra offensive, the reignition of fighting in Deir ez-Zor's siege, the Central Syria campaign, and the Mayadin offensive.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1371787247,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-28T12:49:48Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raqqa_campaign_(2016%E2%80%932017)","wikidata_qid":"Q27761867","wikidata_classes":["military campaign","armed conflict"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q178810","label":"Syrian Civil War","id":"syrian-civil-war"},{"qid":"Q18121212","label":"United States intervention in Syria","id":"united-states-intervention-in-syria"},{"qid":"Q15109939","label":"Rojava–Islamist conflict (2013–present)"}],"includes":[{"id":"battle-of-raqqa-2017","title":"Battle of Raqqa (2017)","date_start":"2017-10-17"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"battle-of-al-bab","title":"Battle of al-Bab","date_start":"2016-11-06"},{"id":"palmyra-offensive-december-2016","title":"Palmyra offensive (December 2016)","date_start":"2016-12-08"},{"id":"manbij-offensive-2016","title":"Manbij offensive (2016)","date_start":"2016-08-27"},{"id":"operation-euphrates-shield","title":"Operation Euphrates Shield","date_start":"2016-08-24"},{"id":"palmyra-offensive-2017","title":"Palmyra offensive (2017)","date_start":"2017-03-02"}],"nearby":[{"id":"battle-of-raqqa-2013","title":"Battle of Raqqa (2013)","date_start":"2013-03-02","km":0.6,"bearing":90}],"same_time":[{"id":"aleppo-offensive-november-december-2016","title":"Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016)","date_start":"2016-11-15"},{"id":"battle-of-mosul-2016-2017","title":"Battle of Mosul (2016–2017)","date_start":"2016-10-16"},{"id":"2016-besiktas-bombings","title":"2016 Beşiktaş bombings","date_start":"2016-12-10"},{"id":"botroseya-church-bombing","title":"Botroseya Church bombing","date_start":"2016-12-11"},{"id":"assassination-of-andrei-karlov","title":"Assassination of Andrei Karlov","date_start":"2016-12-19"}]}},"2025-2026-turkish-protests":{"extract":"The 2025–2026 Turkish protests are an ongoing series of demonstrations across Turkey, Northern Cyprus and the Turkish diaspora that began on 19 March 2025 following the detention and arrest of Istanbul mayor Ekrem İmamoğlu and more than 100 other opposition members, officials businessmen and protesters by Turkish authorities. İmamoğlu, at that tine member of the opposition Republican People's Party (CHP) who had twice defeated allies of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in Istanbul mayoral elections, faced charges of corruption and alleged links to the Kurdish Workers' Party (PKK); Istanbul University separately revoked his degree, a move the could disqualify him from future presidential runs. Opposition figures characterized the arrests as politicly motivated attempt to remove Erdogan's leading rival ahead of the next presidential election, while the government maintained that the judiciary acted independently. the demonstrators, supported by the CHP and a range of other parties and civil society groups have been described as Turkey's largest since the 2013 Gezi Park protests.\n\nTurkish authorities responded with mass detention, bans on public gatherings, curfew style travel restrictions into and out of Istanbul, and deployment of riot police, tear gas, and water cannons against demonstrators in multiple cities. Thousands of people have been detained since the protests began, and dozens of journalists, Turkish and foreign, have faced arrest, prosecution, and expulsion, while covering the unrest, drawing condemnation from press freedom organizations. social media platforms including X faced Turkish court orders to block hundreds of accounts linked to protest organizing, which X initially resisted before complying, prompting accusations of a double standard from free speech advocates.\n\nThe unrest coincided with a sharp economic shock; the Turkish lira fell to record lows against the US dollar in the days following İmamoğlu's arrest, the Istanbul Stock Exchange's benchmark index dropped sharply and the Turkish Central Bank sold tens of billions of dollars in reserves to stabilize the currency, prompting revised inflation forecast. The protests draw international attention, with Human rights organizations such as Amnesty International and foreign governments expressing concerns over democratic backsliding in Turkey, though the European Union and other Western partners have been reluctant to take concrete action given Turkey's strategic importance.\n\nDespite his continued imprisonment, İmamoğlu was mentioned by CHP as its presidential candidate in March 2025. Large scale rallies, organized by CHP leaders Özgür Özel, have continued on regular weekly basis in Istanbul and rotating cities across Turkey into 2026, alongside continuing arrests, prosecutions of detained protestors and journalists, and sporadic unrest tied to related events such as May Day, Pride marches, and the anniversary of the Gezi Park protests.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-10","wikipedia_revid":1379491766,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-10T08:44:11Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025%E2%80%932026_Turkish_protests","wikidata_qid":"Q133441461","wikidata_classes":["protest"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q135427266","label":"Southeast Europe protests"}],"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"march-2025-israeli-attacks-on-the-gaza-strip","title":"March 2025 Israeli attacks on the Gaza Strip","date_start":"2025-03-18"},{"id":"march-may-2025-united-states-attacks-in-yemen","title":"March–May 2025 United States attacks in Yemen","date_start":"2025-03-15"},{"id":"rafah-paramedic-massacre","title":"Rafah paramedic massacre","date_start":"2025-03-23"},{"id":"2025-massacres-of-syrian-alawites","title":"2025 massacres of Syrian Alawites","date_start":"2025-03-06"},{"id":"may-2025-gaza-offensive","title":"May 2025 Gaza offensive","date_start":"2025-05-17"}]}}}