{"second-intifada":{"extract":"The Second Intifada (Arabic: الانتفاضة الثانية, romanized: al-Intifāḍa aṯ-Ṯāniya, lit. 'The Second Uprising'; Hebrew: האינתיפאדה השנייה, romanized: ha-Intifada ha-Shniya), also known as the Al-Aqsa Intifada, was a major uprising by Palestinians against Israel and its occupation from 2000. Initially sparked by civilian protests by Arab residents in East Jerusalem and areas within Israel proper, the uprising escalated into a prolonged period of heightened violence in Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. This violence, which included shootings, suicide bombings, and military operations, continued until the Sharm el-Sheikh Summit of 2005, which ended hostilities.\n\nThe general triggers for the unrest are speculated to have been centered on the failure of the 2000 Camp David Summit, which was expected to reach a final agreement on the Israeli–Palestinian peace process in July 2000. An uptick in violent incidents started in September 2000, after Israeli politician Ariel Sharon made a provocative visit to the Temple Mount; the visit itself was peaceful, but, as anticipated, sparked protests and riots that Israeli police put down with rubber bullets, live ammunition, and tear gas. Israeli security responded with extreme violence, killing at least 47 Palestinian protesters within the first five days. Within the first few days of the uprising, the Israeli military fired one million rounds of ammunition.\n\nA prominent feature of the Second Intifada was a series of suicide bombings carried out by Palestinian militant groups. After March 2001, approximately 138 suicide bombings were conducted by these factions, primarily targeting Israeli civilians. Israeli security forces engaged in gunfights, targeted killings, tank attacks, and airstrikes; Palestinians engaged in gunfights, stone-throwing, and rocket attacks. With a combined casualty figure for combatants and civilians, the violence is estimated to have resulted in the deaths of approximately 3,000 Palestinians and 1,000 Israelis, as well as 64 foreign nationals.\n\nThe Second Intifada ended with the Sharm el-Sheikh Summit of 2005, as Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas and Sharon, by then Israel's prime minister, agreed to take definitive steps to de-escalate the hostilities. They also reaffirmed their commitment to the \"roadmap for peace\" that had been proposed by the Quartet on the Middle East in 2003. Additionally, Sharon agreed to release 900 Palestinian prisoners and further stated that Israeli troops would withdraw from those parts of the West Bank that they had re-occupied while fighting Palestinian militants during the uprising.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-10","wikipedia_revid":1380561980,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-16T14:18:14Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Intifada","wikidata_qid":"Q49106","wikidata_classes":["intifada","rebellion","armed conflict"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"country-fallback:Israel/Palestine","text_from_article":null,"hand_picked":true,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"Calls Sharon's visit \"provocative\" and says Israeli security \"responded with extreme violence\" as fact; it does cover the roughly 138 suicide bombings, mainly against civilians.","highlights":["provocative","responded with extreme violence"]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[{"text":"provocative","kind":"fairness"},{"text":"responded with extreme violence","kind":"fairness"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q151622","label":"Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}],"includes":[{"id":"dolphinarium-discotheque-bombing","title":"Dolphinarium discotheque bombing","date_start":"2001-06-01"},{"id":"sbarro-restaurant-suicide-bombing","title":"Sbarro restaurant suicide bombing","date_start":"2001-08-09"},{"id":"passover-massacre","title":"Passover massacre","date_start":"2002-03-27"},{"id":"operation-defensive-shield","title":"Operation Defensive Shield","date_start":"2002-03-29"},{"id":"siege-of-the-church-of-the-nativity","title":"Siege of the Church of the Nativity","date_start":"2002-04-02"},{"id":"maxim-restaurant-suicide-bombing","title":"Maxim restaurant suicide bombing","date_start":"2003-10-04"},{"id":"2006-gaza-israel-conflict","title":"2006 Gaza–Israel conflict","date_start":"2006-01-01"},{"id":"2006-israeli-operation-in-beit-hanoun","title":"2006 Israeli operation in Beit Hanoun","date_start":"2006-11-08"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"cave-of-the-patriarchs-massacre","title":"Cave of the Patriarchs massacre","date_start":"1994-02-25"},{"id":"first-intifada","title":"First Intifada","date_start":"1987-12-08"},{"id":"2021-israel-palestine-crisis","title":"2021 Israel–Palestine crisis","date_start":"2021-05-06"},{"id":"2022-al-aqsa-clashes","title":"2022 Al-Aqsa clashes","date_start":"2022-04-15"},{"id":"1978-south-lebanon-conflict","title":"1978 South Lebanon conflict","date_start":"1978-01-01"}],"same_time":[{"id":"uss-cole-bombing","title":"USS Cole bombing","date_start":"2000-10-12"},{"id":"2001-israeli-prime-ministerial-election","title":"2001 Israeli prime ministerial election","date_start":"2001-02-06"}]}},"battle-of-sarikamish":{"extract":"The Battle of Sarikamish was an engagement between the Russian and Ottoman Empires during World War I. It took place from 22 December 1914, to 17 January 1915, as part of the Caucasus campaign.\n\nThe battle resulted in a decisive Russian victory. The Ottoman plan relied on highly mobile troops capable of reaching specific objectives at precise times, drawing on German and Napoleonic tactical principles. However, the Ottoman forces were inadequately equipped for the harsh winter conditions and suffered severe losses in the Allahuekber Mountains. It is estimated that approximately 25,000 Ottoman soldiers froze to death before the main engagement began.\n\nFollowing the defeat, Ottoman Minister of War Enver Pasha, who had devised the strategy at Sarikamish, blamed the Armenians for the outcome. The battle subsequently became a prelude to the Armenian genocide.\n\nSome sources regard the battle as one of the most significant of the campaign, noting that the Ottoman Third Army was so severely weakened that it was forced to suspend operations temporarily.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1379564418,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-10T19:11:51Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Sarikamish","wikidata_qid":"Q250652","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q361","label":"World War I","id":"world-war-i"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"raid-on-the-suez-canal","title":"Raid on the Suez Canal","date_start":"1915-01-26"},{"id":"middle-eastern-theatre-of-world-war-i","title":"Middle Eastern theatre of World War I","date_start":"1914-10-30"},{"id":"landing-at-anzac-cove","title":"Landing at Anzac Cove","date_start":"1915-04-25"},{"id":"battle-of-bitlis","title":"Battle of Bitlis","date_start":"1915-07-01"},{"id":"erzurum-offensive","title":"Erzurum offensive","date_start":"1916-01-10"}],"same_time":[{"id":"battle-of-ardahan","title":"Battle of Ardahan","date_start":"1914-12-25"},{"id":"battle-of-qurna","title":"Battle of Qurna","date_start":"1914-12-03"},{"id":"sinai-and-palestine-campaign","title":"Sinai and Palestine campaign","date_start":"1915-01-28"},{"id":"battle-of-basra-1914","title":"Battle of Basra (1914)","date_start":"1914-11-11"},{"id":"fao-landing","title":"Fao Landing","date_start":"1914-11-06"}]}},"battle-of-maysalun":{"extract":"The Battle of Maysalun (Arabic: معركة ميسلون), also known as the Battle of Maysalun Pass or the Battle of Khan Maysalun (French: Bataille de Khan Mayssaloun), was a four-hour battle fought between the forces of the Arab Kingdom of Syria and the French Army of the Levant on 24 July 1920 near Maysalun in the Anti-Lebanon Mountains, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Damascus.\n\nIn October 1918, Arab rebels, under Hashemite Emir Faisal, captured Damascus during the British-backed Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire. Faisal then formed a government under the auspices of the Allied military occupation administration of \"OETA East\", consistent with an earlier Anglo-French agreement. The French encountered local revolts when their forces entered the country, and in March 1920, Faisal was proclaimed King of Syria. A month later, the League of Nations allocated Syria to France as a mandate.\n\nThe Battle of Maysalun ensued as French forces set out from Lebanon to assert control over Damascus and topple Faisal's government. With remnants of the Syrian army and local volunteers, Faisal's war minister, General Yusuf al-Azma, set out to confront them. The better-equipped French troops, led by General Mariano Goybet, defeated al-Azma, who was killed in action. The French entered Damascus the following day, encountering little resistance. Soon afterward, Faisal was expelled from Syria. Despite the Syrian army's decisive defeat, the battle is viewed in Syria and the rest of the Arab world as a symbol of courageous resistance against a stronger, imperial power.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370449372,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-21T04:32:11Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Maysalun","wikidata_qid":"Q994316","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q2992403","label":"Franco-Syrian War","id":"franco-syrian-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"1920-capture-of-damascus","title":"1920 capture of Damascus","date_start":"1920-07-24"},{"id":"battle-of-tel-hai","title":"Battle of Tel Hai","date_start":"1920-03-01"}],"nearby":[{"id":"fall-of-damascus-2024","title":"Fall of Damascus (2024)","date_start":"2024-12-07","km":19.3,"bearing":117},{"id":"israeli-airstrike-on-the-iranian-consulate-in-damascus","title":"Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus","date_start":"2024-04-01","km":20.8,"bearing":119},{"id":"battle-of-damascus-2012","title":"Battle of Damascus (2012)","date_start":"2012-07-15","km":23.5,"bearing":113},{"id":"april-2018-missile-strikes-against-syria","title":"April 2018 missile strikes against Syria","date_start":"2018-04-14","km":23.6,"bearing":100},{"id":"capture-of-damascus-1918","title":"Capture of Damascus (1918)","date_start":"1918-09-26","km":23.7,"bearing":113}],"same_time":[{"id":"treaty-of-s-vres","title":"Treaty of Sèvres","date_start":"1920-08-10"},{"id":"san-remo-conference","title":"San Remo conference","date_start":"1920-04-19"},{"id":"1920-nebi-musa-riots","title":"1920 Nebi Musa riots","date_start":"1920-04-04"}]}},"second-battle-of-el-alamein":{"extract":"The Second Battle of El Alamein (23 October – 4 November 1942) was a battle of the Second World War that took place near the Egyptian railway halt of El Alamein. The First Battle of El Alamein and the Battle of Alam el Halfa had prevented the Axis from advancing further into Egypt.\n\nIn October 1942 Lieutenant-General Bernard Montgomery, commander of Eighth Army, opened his offensive against the Axis forces. In a 13-day battle the Axis Panzerarmee Afrika was crushed and forced to retreat from Egypt and Libya to the borders of Tunisia. The Allied victory at El Alamein was the beginning of the end of the Western Desert Campaign.\n\nThe battle ended the Axis threat to the Middle East and Iran and revived the morale of the western Allies, being their first large success against the Axis since Operation Crusader in late 1941. The end of the battle coincided with the Allied invasion of French North Africa in Operation Torch on 8 November, which opened a second front in North Africa.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1378051297,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-02T17:47:19Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_El_Alamein","wikidata_qid":"Q153376","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q625798","label":"Western Desert campaign","id":"western-desert-campaign"},{"qid":"Q10564977","label":"Battles of El Alamein"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"battle-of-alam-el-halfa","title":"Battle of Alam el Halfa","date_start":"1942-08-30"},{"id":"first-battle-of-el-alamein","title":"First Battle of El Alamein","date_start":"1942-07-01"},{"id":"battle-of-mersa-matruh","title":"Battle of Mersa Matruh","date_start":"1942-06-29"},{"id":"operation-skorpion","title":"Operation Skorpion","date_start":"1941-05-27"},{"id":"operation-brevity","title":"Operation Brevity","date_start":"1941-05-16"}]}},"haifa-oil-refinery-massacre":{"extract":"The Haifa Oil Refinery massacre took place on 30 December 1947 in Mandatory Palestine, when 39 Jewish refinery workers were killed by their Arab coworkers in a mass lynching.\n\nThe massacre was a response to an Irgun terrorist attack, where grenades were thrown into a crowd of about 100 day-labourers waiting at a bus stop outside the main gate of the then British-owned Haifa Oil Refinery. Six Arabs were killed and 42 were wounded. Minutes after the Irgun attack, Arab refinery workers and others began attacking the Jewish refinery workers, resulting in 39 deaths and 49 injuries, before the British Army and Palestine Police units arrived to put an end to the violence. The Haganah later retaliated by attacking two nearby Arab villages in what became known as the Balad al-Shaykh massacre, where between 60 and 70 Arabs were killed.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1364323546,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-07-15T22:41:31Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haifa_Oil_Refinery_massacre","wikidata_qid":"Q2033909","wikidata_classes":["terrorist attack","massacre"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"LABEL","guideline_name":"Contentious labels","shortcut":"MOS:LABEL","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Contentious_labels","phrase":"Irgun terrorist attack","note":"Uses \"terrorist\" for the Irgun grenade attack in Wikipedia's own voice, without saying who uses the label."}],"highlights":["Irgun terrorist attack"]},"highlights":[{"text":"Irgun terrorist attack","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"balad-al-shaykh-massacre","title":"Balad al-Shaykh massacre","date_start":"1947-12-31","km":2.5,"bearing":200},{"id":"battle-of-haifa-1918","title":"Battle of Haifa (1918)","date_start":"1918-09-23","km":6.9,"bearing":292},{"id":"battle-of-haifa-1948","title":"Battle of Haifa (1948)","date_start":"1948-04-21","km":7.6,"bearing":289},{"id":"maxim-restaurant-suicide-bombing","title":"Maxim restaurant suicide bombing","date_start":"2003-10-04","km":9.3,"bearing":283},{"id":"eilabun-massacre","title":"Eilabun massacre","date_start":"1948-10-30","km":33,"bearing":81}],"same_time":[{"id":"semiramis-hotel-bombing","title":"Semiramis Hotel bombing","date_start":"1948-01-05"},{"id":"1947-anti-jewish-riots-in-aden","title":"1947 anti-Jewish riots in Aden","date_start":"1947-12-04"},{"id":"1948-palestine-war","title":"1948 Palestine war","date_start":"1947-11-30"},{"id":"united-nations-partition-plan-for-palestine","title":"United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine","date_start":"1947-11-29"},{"id":"operation-nachshon","title":"Operation Nachshon","date_start":"1948-04-05"}]}},"dawson-s-field-hijackings":{"extract":"In September 1970, members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) hijacked four airliners bound for New York City and one for London. Three aircraft were forced to land at Dawson Field, a remote desert airstrip near Zarqa, Jordan, formerly Royal Air Force Station Zarqa, which then became PFLP's \"Revolutionary Airport\". By the end of the incident, one hijacker had been killed and one injury reported. This was the second instance of mass aircraft hijacking, after three aircraft from communist Czechoslovakia were hijacked and taken to Munich, West Germany, in 1950.\n\nOn 6 September, TWA Flight 741 from Frankfurt (a Boeing 707) and Swissair Flight 100 from Zürich (a Douglas DC-8) were forced to land at Dawson's Field. On the same day, the hijacking of El Al Flight 219 from Amsterdam (another 707) was foiled: hijacker Patrick Argüello was shot and killed, and his partner Leila Khaled was subdued and handed over to British authorities in London. Two PFLP hijackers, who were prevented from boarding the El Al flight, hijacked instead Pan Am Flight 93, a Boeing 747, diverting the large aircraft first to Beirut and then to Cairo, rather than to the small Jordanian airstrip. On 9 September, a fifth aircraft, BOAC Flight 775, a Vickers VC10 coming from Bahrain, was hijacked by a PFLP sympathizer and taken to Dawson's Field in order to pressure the British to free Khaled.\n\nWhile the majority of the 310 hostages were transferred to Amman and freed on 11 September, the PFLP segregated the flight crews and Jewish passengers, keeping the 56 Jewish hostages in custody, while releasing the non-Jews. Six hostages were kept because they were men and American citizens, not necessarily Jews: Robert Norman Schwartz, a U.S. Defense Department researcher stationed in Thailand; James Lee Woods, Schwartz's assistant and security detail; Gerald Berkowitz, an American-born Jew and college chemistry professor; Rabbi Avraham Harari-Raful and his brother Rabbi Yosef Harari-Raful, two Sephardi Brooklyn school teachers; and John Hollingsworth, a U.S. State Department employee. Schwartz, whose father was Jewish, was a convert to Catholicism. On 12 September, prior to their announced deadline, the PFLP used explosives to destroy the empty planes, as they anticipated a counterstrike.\n\nThe PFLP's exploitation of Jordanian territory was an example of the increasingly autonomous Arab Palestinian activity within the Kingdom of Jordan – a serious challenge to the Hashemite monarchy of King Hussein. Hussein declared martial law on 16 September and from 17 to 27 September his forces deployed into Palestinian-controlled areas in what became known as Black September in Jordan, nearly triggering a regional war involving Syria, Iraq, and Israel.\n\nA swift Jordanian victory, however, enabled a 30 September deal in which the remaining PFLP hostages were released in exchange for Khaled and three PFLP members in a Swiss prison.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1366914887,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-07-30T21:59:04Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawson's_Field_hijackings","wikidata_qid":"Q2449925","wikidata_classes":["aircraft hijacking"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q154288","label":"Black September","id":"black-september-in-jordan"}],"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"emirate-of-transjordan","title":"Emirate of Transjordan","date_start":"1921-04-11","km":25.7,"bearing":230},{"id":"2005-amman-bombings","title":"2005 Amman bombings","date_start":"2005-11-09","km":27.3,"bearing":231}],"same_time":[{"id":"aeroflot-flight-244","title":"Aeroflot Flight 244","date_start":"1970-10-15"},{"id":"1970-syrian-coup-d-etat","title":"1970 Syrian coup d'etat","date_start":"1970-11-13"},{"id":"avivim-school-bus-bombing","title":"Avivim school bus bombing","date_start":"1970-05-22"},{"id":"ramsar-convention","title":"Ramsar Convention","date_start":"1971-02-02"},{"id":"bahr-el-baqar-primary-school-bombing","title":"Bahr El-Baqar primary school bombing","date_start":"1970-04-08"}]}},"ma-alot-massacre":{"extract":"The Ma'alot massacre was a Palestinian terrorist attack that occurred on 14–15 May 1974 and involved the hostage-taking of 115 Israelis, chiefly school children, which ended in the murder of 25 hostages and six other civilians. It began when three armed members of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP) infiltrated Israel from Lebanon. Soon afterwards they attacked a van, killing two Israeli Arab women while injuring a third, and entered an apartment building in the town of Ma'alot, where they killed a couple and their four-year-old son. From there, they headed for the Netiv Meir Elementary School in Ma'alot, where in the early hours of 15 May 1974 they took hostage more than 115 people including 105 children. Most of the hostages were 14- to 16-years-old students from a high school in Safad on a pre-military Gadna field trip spending the night in Ma'alot.\n\nThe hostage-takers soon issued demands for the release of 23 Palestinian militants and 3 others from Israeli prisons, or else they would kill the students. The Israeli side agreed, but the hostage-takers failed to get an expected coded message from Damascus. On 15 May, minutes before the 18:00 deadline set by the DFLP, the Sayeret Matkal commandoes stormed the building, upon which the DFLP militants killed 25 of the hostages (22 of them students), and wounded another 68.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-01","wikipedia_revid":1377167692,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-28T04:13:33Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma'alot_massacre","wikidata_qid":"Q1638587","wikidata_classes":["massacre"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"LABEL","guideline_name":"Contentious labels","shortcut":"MOS:LABEL","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Contentious_labels","phrase":"was a Palestinian terrorist attack","note":"Uses \"terrorist\" for the attack, in the defining sentence, in Wikipedia's own voice, without saying who uses the label."}],"highlights":["was a Palestinian terrorist attack"]},"highlights":[{"text":"was a Palestinian terrorist attack","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q7127419","label":"Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon","id":"palestinian-insurgency-in-south-lebanon"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"coastal-road-massacre","title":"Coastal road massacre","date_start":"1978-03-11"},{"id":"avivim-school-bus-bombing","title":"Avivim school bus bombing","date_start":"1970-05-22"},{"id":"1968-israeli-raid-on-beirut-airport","title":"1968 Israeli raid on Beirut Airport","date_start":"1968-12-28"}],"nearby":[{"id":"safsaf-massacre","title":"Safsaf massacre","date_start":"1948-10-29","km":15,"bearing":92},{"id":"qana-massacre","title":"Qana massacre","date_start":"1996-04-18","km":21.4,"bearing":3},{"id":"2006-qana-airstrike","title":"2006 Qana airstrike","date_start":"2006-07-30","km":22,"bearing":3},{"id":"eilabun-massacre","title":"Eilabun massacre","date_start":"1948-10-30","km":22.5,"bearing":152},{"id":"hula-massacre","title":"Hula massacre","date_start":"1948-11-01","km":30.9,"bearing":44}],"same_time":[{"id":"kiryat-shmona-massacre","title":"Kiryat Shmona massacre","date_start":"1974-04-11"},{"id":"1973-israeli-legislative-election","title":"1973 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"1973-12-31"}]}},"ahvaz-military-parade-attack":{"extract":"On 22 September 2018, a military parade was attacked by gunmen in the southwestern Iranian city of Ahvaz. The shooters killed 25 people, including soldiers of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and civilian bystanders. It was the deadliest terrorist attack in Iran since the Chabahar suicide bombing in December 2010.\n\nThe Islamic State claimed responsibility for the attack and released purported photos of the attackers. Iran blamed \"militants in Syria\" and claimed the \"U.S. and the Gulf states enabled the attack\" and vowed revenge. The American defense secretary dismissed Iran's threat and denied U.S. involvement, saying it was \"ludicrous\" for Iran to allege U.S. involvement. Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates also rejected and condemned the accusation. A splinter group of the Arab Struggle Movement for the Liberation of Ahwaz initially claimed responsibility, but later denied involvement.\n\nOn 1 October 2018, in retaliation for the attacks, Iranian Revolutionary Guards fired missiles and carried out drone attacks in Abu Kamal of Syria targeting \"militants in Syria it blamed for an attack\", Sepah News reported.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1357538198,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-06-03T06:04:03Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahvaz_military_parade_attack","wikidata_qid":"Q56691106","wikidata_classes":["terrorist attack"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"LABEL","guideline_name":"Contentious labels","shortcut":"MOS:LABEL","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Contentious_labels","phrase":"the deadliest terrorist attack in Iran","note":"Uses \"terrorist\" for the attack in Wikipedia's own voice, without saying who uses the label."}],"highlights":["the deadliest terrorist attack in Iran"]},"highlights":[{"text":"the deadliest terrorist attack in Iran","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"syria-missile-strikes-september-2018","title":"Syria missile strikes (September 2018)","date_start":"2018-09-17"},{"id":"killing-of-jamal-khashoggi","title":"Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi","date_start":"2018-10-02"},{"id":"2015-2018-iraqi-protests","title":"2015–2018 Iraqi protests","date_start":"2018-09-07"},{"id":"2018-turkish-general-election","title":"2018 Turkish general election","date_start":"2018-06-24"},{"id":"2018-turkish-parliamentary-election","title":"2018 Turkish parliamentary election","date_start":"2018-06-24"}]}},"majdal-shams-attack":{"extract":"The Majdal Shams attack took place on 27 July 2024, when a rocket hit a soccer field in Majdal Shams in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights. The resulting blast killed 12 Syrian children belonging to the Druze community and injured at least 42 others, with most of the victims being between the ages of 10 and 16.\n\nIsrael blamed Hezbollah for carrying out the attack with an Iranian-made Falaq-1 rocket equipped with a 53-kilogram warhead.According to Hezbollah, the target was a nearby military base and the soccer field was hit by an errant Israeli Iron Dome air defence projectile. Western sources dismissed this claim, citing expert opinion that the rocket had been fired by Hezbollah or another militant group in Lebanon.\n\nLocal authorities denied that the children were Israeli and local residents protested the attendance of Israeli ministers at the funeral, for reasons ranging from opposition to politicization of the tragedy, to anger at the Israeli government's perceived neglect of their safety.\n\nThe attack occurred amid the Hezbollah–Israel conflict that has been ongoing since 8 October 2023, a regular exchange of attacks that began following the outbreak of the Gaza war. Following the attack, Israel killed Hezbollah commander Fuad Shukr.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1377177110,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-28T05:03:24Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majdal_Shams_attack","wikidata_qid":"Q127946456","wikidata_classes":["missile strike","massacre","terrorist attack"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q122974556","label":"Hezbollah–Israel conflict (2023–present)","id":"2024-israel-hezbollah-conflict"},{"qid":"Q122962941","label":"Gaza War","id":"2023-israel-hamas-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"assassination-of-ismail-haniyeh","title":"Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh","date_start":"2024-07-31"},{"id":"july-2024-houthi-israel-attacks","title":"July 2024 Houthi–Israel attacks","date_start":"2024-07-20"},{"id":"nuseirat-rescue-and-massacre","title":"Nuseirat rescue and massacre","date_start":"2024-06-08"},{"id":"2024-lebanon-electronic-device-attacks","title":"2024 Lebanon electronic device attacks","date_start":"2024-09-18"},{"id":"20-september-2024-beirut-attack","title":"20 September 2024 Beirut attack","date_start":"2024-09-20"}],"nearby":[{"id":"valley-of-tears","title":"Valley of Tears","date_start":"1973-10-09","km":10.4,"bearing":163},{"id":"kiryat-shmona-massacre","title":"Kiryat Shmona massacre","date_start":"1974-04-11","km":19.5,"bearing":253},{"id":"hula-massacre","title":"Hula massacre","date_start":"1948-11-01","km":24,"bearing":257},{"id":"avivim-school-bus-bombing","title":"Avivim school bus bombing","date_start":"1970-05-22","km":39.3,"bearing":235},{"id":"safsaf-massacre","title":"Safsaf massacre","date_start":"1948-10-29","km":41.3,"bearing":227}],"same_time":[{"id":"2024-syrian-parliamentary-election","title":"2024 Syrian parliamentary election","date_start":"2024-07-15"},{"id":"2024-iranian-presidential-election","title":"2024 Iranian presidential election","date_start":"2024-07-05"},{"id":"september-2024-israeli-attacks-against-lebanon","title":"September 2024 Israeli attacks against Lebanon","date_start":"2024-09-23"},{"id":"2024-hezbollah-headquarters-strike","title":"2024 Hezbollah headquarters strike","date_start":"2024-09-27"},{"id":"tel-al-sultan-attack","title":"Tel al-Sultan attack","date_start":"2024-05-26"}]}},"white-revolution":{"extract":"The White Revolution (Persian: انقلاب سفید, romanized: Enqelâb-e Sefid) or the Shah and People Revolution (Persian: انقلاب شاه و مردم, romanized: Enqelâb-e Šâh o Mardom) was a series of reforms to modernize the Imperial State of Iran launched on 26 January 1963 by the Shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and ended with his overthrow in 1979. Among the elements of the revolution were land reform where landlords were compensated for their land by shares of privatized state-owned factories, expanded road, rail, and air network, dam and irrigation projects, work to eradicate diseases such as malaria, promotion of industrial growth and profit-sharing schemes for workers, enfranchisement of women, nationalization of forests and pastures, literacy and health corps for isolated rural areas.\n\nThe bulk of the program was aimed at Iran's peasantry while redistributing the aristocrat landlord class wealth down to working class Iranians. Through land reform, the Shah hoped to ally himself with the peasantry in the countryside, and to sever their ties with the aristocracy in the city.\n\nIn order to legitimize the White Revolution, the Shah called for a national referendum in early 1963 in which 5,598,711 people voted for the reforms, and 4,115 voted against the reforms, though the referendum was boycotted by the opposition to the Shah.\n\nIn subsequent decades, per capita income for Iranians greatly increased, and petroleum export revenue fueled an enormous increase in state funding for industrial development projects, economic growth, rapid urbanization, spread of literacy, and dissolution of Iran's feudalist customs.\n\nHowever, the revolution also aroused the antagonism of the Ulama (Islamic clergy) led by Ruhollah Khomeini, the future leader of the 1979 Islamic Revolution, who opposed the erosion of their traditional bases of power, and met with difficulties from a high failure rate for new farms and an exodus of agricultural workers to Iran's major cities.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1364402941,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-07-16T08:37:50Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Revolution","wikidata_qid":"Q1068139","wikidata_classes":["revolution","microeconomic reform"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"year","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"Lists the reforms' benefits at length and reduces the opposition largely to clerics protecting their power.","highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":"Shown as \"uprising\" because Wikidata types it as a revolution; it was a reform programme launched by the Shah.","data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false}},"operation-praying-mantis":{"extract":"Operation Praying Mantis was the 18 April 1988 attack by the United States on Iranian naval targets in the Persian Gulf in retaliation for the mining of a U.S. warship four days earlier. It took place during the US presidency of Ronald Reagan and the rule of Supreme Leader of Iran Ruhollah Khomeini.\n\nOn 14 April, the American guided missile frigate USS Samuel B. Roberts struck a mine while transiting international waters as part of Operation Earnest Will, the 1987–88 effort to protect reflagged Kuwaiti oil tankers from Iranian attacks during the Iran–Iraq War. The explosion pierced the hull and broke the keel of the Samuel B. Roberts, which nearly sank but was saved by its crew with no loss of life.\n\nAfter the serial numbers of mines recovered in the area were found to match those of mines seized on an Iranian barge the previous September, U.S. military officials planned a retaliatory operation. On 18 April, the attack destroyed, damaged, or sank two Iranian oil platforms, two frigates, a fast-attack craft, several armed boats, and two fighter jets. Two U.S. Marine aviators died when their helicopter crashed into the Persian Gulf. The attack pressured Iran to agree to a ceasefire with Iraq later that summer, ending the eight-year Iran–Iraq War.\n\nIran later sued the United States, claiming that the attacks had breached the countries' 1955 Treaty of Amity. On 6 November 2003, the International Court of Justice dismissed the claim but ruled that Operation Praying Mantis and the previous October's Operation Nimble Archer \"cannot be justified as measures necessary to protect the essential security interests of the United States of America.\"\n\nPraying Mantis was the largest of the U.S. Navy's five major surface engagements since World War II. It saw the U.S. Navy's first exchange of anti-ship missiles with opposing ships, and by then its only sinking of a major surface combatant since World War II.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1375930078,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-20T23:31:51Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Praying_Mantis","wikidata_qid":"Q2026308","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q82664","label":"Iran–Iraq War","id":"iran-iraq-war"},{"qid":"Q6414580","label":"Tankers War","id":"tanker-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"operation-mersad","title":"Operation Mersad","date_start":"1988-07-26"},{"id":"operation-prime-chance","title":"Operation Prime Chance","date_start":"1987-08-01"},{"id":"operation-earnest-will","title":"Operation Earnest Will","date_start":"1987-07-24"},{"id":"siege-of-basra","title":"Siege of Basra","date_start":"1987-02-26"},{"id":"first-battle-of-al-faw","title":"First Battle of al-Faw","date_start":"1986-02-11"}],"same_time":[{"id":"second-battle-of-al-faw","title":"Second Battle of al-Faw","date_start":"1988-04-17"},{"id":"halabja-massacre","title":"Halabja massacre","date_start":"1988-03-16"},{"id":"iran-air-flight-655","title":"Iran Air Flight 655","date_start":"1988-07-03"},{"id":"first-intifada","title":"First Intifada","date_start":"1987-12-08"}]}},"2019-turkish-offensive-into-northeastern-syria":{"extract":"Operation Peace Spring (Turkish: Barış Pınarı Harekâtı) was a joint operation by the Turkish Armed Forces (TAF) and the Syrian National Army (SNA) against the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), later involving the Syrian Arab Army (SAA), in northeastern Syria.\n\nOn 6 October 2019, the Trump administration ordered American troops to withdraw from northeastern Syria, where the United States had been supporting its Kurdish allies. The military operation began on 9 October 2019 when the Turkish Air Force launched airstrikes on border towns. The conflict resulted in the displacement of over 300,000 people and caused the death of more than 70 civilians in Syria and 20 civilians in Turkey. Human rights violations were also reported. Amnesty International stated that it had gathered evidence of war crimes and other violations committed by Turkey and Turkish-backed Syrian forces who were said to \"have displayed a shameful disregard for civilian life, carrying out serious violations and war crimes, including summary killings and unlawful attacks that have killed and injured civilians\".\n\nAccording to Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, the operation was intended to expel the SDF—designated as a terrorist organization by Turkey \"due to its ties with the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK)\", but considered an ally against ISIL by the Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve—from the border region as well as to create a 30 km-deep (20 mi) \"safe zone\" in Northern Syria where some of the 3.6 million Syrian refugees in Turkey would resettle. As the proposed settlement zone was heavily Kurdish demographically, this intention was criticized as an attempt at ethnic cleansing, a criticism rejected by the Turkish government who claimed they intended to \"correct\" the demographics that it alleged had been changed by the SDF.\n\nThe Turkish operation was met with mixed responses from the international community, including condemnations as well as support for the operation for the settlement of refugees in Northern Syria. Although Turkey claimed self-defense, according to international law experts it was an illegal use of force. While originally acknowledging Turkey's \"right to defend itself\", on 15 October, Russia hardened its position against the operation and deployed troops. Ten European nations and Canada imposed an arms embargo on Turkey, while the U.S. imposed sanctions on Turkish ministries and senior government officials in response to the offensive in Syria. The Assad-led Syrian government initially criticized the SDF for the Turkish offensive, accusing it of separatism and not reconciling with the government, while at the same time also condemning the foreign invasion of Syrian territory. However, a few days later, the SDF reached an agreement with the Syrian government allowing the Syrian Army to enter the SDF-held towns of Manbij and Kobanî in an attempt to defend the towns from the Turkish offensive. Shortly thereafter, Syrian state broadcaster SANA announced that Syrian Army troops had started to deploy to the country's north. Turkey and the SNA launched an offensive to capture Manbij on the same day.\n\nOn 17 October 2019, U.S. Vice President Mike Pence announced that the U.S. and Turkey had agreed on a deal in which Turkey would agree to a five-day ceasefire in Syria in return for a complete withdrawal by the SDF from its positions on the Syria-Turkey border. On 22 October 2019, Russian President Vladimir Putin and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan reached a deal to extend the ceasefire by 150 additional hours if the SDF would move 30 kilometers away from the border, as well as from Tal Rifaat and Manbij. The terms of the deal also included joint Russian–Turkish patrols 10 kilometers into Syria from the border, except in the city of Qamishli. The new ceasefire started at 12pm local time on 23 October. The captured area remained part of the Turkish occupation of northern Syria.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1375100113,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-15T21:44:13Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_northeastern_Syria","wikidata_qid":"Q70207089","wikidata_classes":["military operation"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"year","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"SAID","guideline_name":"Synonyms for \"said\"","shortcut":"MOS:SAID","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Synonyms_for_said","phrase":"Although Turkey claimed self-defense","note":"Turkey \"claimed\" self-defence, set against \"according to international law experts\" with \"Although\"."}],"highlights":["Although Turkey claimed self-defense"]},"highlights":[{"text":"Although Turkey claimed self-defense","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q18208094","label":"Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war","id":"turkish-involvement-in-the-syrian-civil-war"},{"qid":"Q21070576","label":"timeline of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"operation-olive-branch","title":"Operation Olive Branch","date_start":"2018-01-20"},{"id":"2016-besiktas-bombings","title":"2016 Beşiktaş bombings","date_start":"2016-12-10"},{"id":"march-2016-ankara-bombing","title":"March 2016 Ankara bombing","date_start":"2016-03-13"},{"id":"february-2016-ankara-bombing","title":"February 2016 Ankara bombing","date_start":"2016-02-17"},{"id":"suruc-bombing","title":"Suruç bombing","date_start":"2015-07-20"}]}},"1934-thrace-pogroms":{"extract":"The 1934 Thrace pogroms (Turkish: Trakya Olayları, \"Thrace incidents\" or \"Thrace events\", Ladino: Furtuna/La Furtuna, \"Storm\") were a series of violent attacks against Jewish citizens of Turkey in June and July 1934 in the Thrace region of Turkey. One of the main crucial factors behind the events was the Resettlement Law passed by the Turkish Assembly on 14 June 1934.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1376188901,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-22T16:57:50Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1934_Thrace_pogroms","wikidata_qid":"Q1129968","wikidata_classes":["pogrom","antisemitism","mass murder","riot","protest"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false}},"istanbul-pogrom":{"extract":"The Istanbul pogrom, also known as the Istanbul riots, were a series of state-sponsored anti-Greek mob attacks directed primarily at Istanbul's Greek minority on 6–7 September 1955. The pogrom was orchestrated by the governing Democrat Party in Turkey with the cooperation of various security organizations (Tactical Mobilisation Group, Counter-Guerrilla and National Security Service). The events were triggered by the bombing of the Turkish consulate in Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece, the house where Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was born in 1881. The bomb was actually planted by a Turkish usher at the consulate, who was later arrested and confessed. The Turkish press was silent about the arrest, and instead, it insinuated that Greeks had set off the bomb.\n\nA Turkish mob, most of whose members were trucked into the city in advance, assaulted Istanbul's Greek community for nine hours. Although the mob did not explicitly call for the killing of Greeks, over a dozen people died during or after the attacks as a result of beatings and arson. Armenians and Jews were also harmed. The police were mostly ineffective, and the violence continued until the government declared martial law in Istanbul, called in the army and ordered it to put down the riots. The material damage was estimated at US$500 million (equivalent to $6 billion in 2025), including the burning of churches and the devastation of shops and private homes.\n\nAfter the military coup of 1960, Prime Minister Adnan Menderes and Foreign Minister Fatin Rüştü Zorlu were convicted of inciting the pogrom in the Yassıada trials. Being found guilty in other cases, they were sentenced to death by hanging.\n\nThe pogrom greatly accelerated emigration of Christian Greeks from Turkey, in particular the Greeks of Istanbul. The Greek population of Turkey declined from 119,822 in 1927, to about 7,000 in 1978. In Istanbul alone, the Greek-speaking population decreased from 65,108 to 49,081 between 1955 and 1960. The 2008 figures released by the Turkish Foreign Ministry placed the number of Turkish citizens of Greek descent at 3,000–4,000; while according to the Human Rights Watch (2006) their number was estimated to be 2,500. The attacks have been described as a continuation of a process of Turkification that started with the decline of the Ottoman Empire, as roughly 40% of the properties attacked belonged to other minorities. The pogrom has been compared in some media to the Kristallnacht, the 1938 pogrom against Jews throughout Nazi Germany.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1375247704,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-16T17:46:04Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul_pogrom","wikidata_qid":"Q934470","wikidata_classes":["pogrom","mass murder","riot","protest"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"EDITORIAL","guideline_name":"Editorializing","shortcut":"MOS:EDITORIAL","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Editorializing","phrase":"The bomb was actually planted","note":"\"Actually\" sets the summary's account of the bombing against the Turkish press version in Wikipedia's own voice."}],"highlights":["The bomb was actually planted"]},"highlights":[{"text":"The bomb was actually planted","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"bloody-sunday-1969","title":"Bloody Sunday (1969)","date_start":"1969-02-16","km":0.1,"bearing":90},{"id":"2022-istanbul-bombing","title":"2022 Istanbul bombing","date_start":"2022-11-13","km":0.4,"bearing":234},{"id":"march-2016-istanbul-bombing","title":"March 2016 Istanbul bombing","date_start":"2016-03-19","km":0.4,"bearing":236},{"id":"2016-besiktas-bombings","title":"2016 Beşiktaş bombings","date_start":"2016-12-10","km":0.8,"bearing":61},{"id":"2003-istanbul-bombings","title":"2003 Istanbul bombings","date_start":"2003-11-01","km":1.6,"bearing":223}],"same_time":[{"id":"1955-israeli-legislative-election","title":"1955 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"1955-07-26"}]}}}