{"2021-israel-palestine-crisis":{"extract":"A major outbreak of violence in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, sometimes called the Unity Intifada, mainly commenced on 10 May 2021 and continued until a ceasefire came into effect on 21 May. It was marked by protests and police riot control, rocket attacks on Israel by Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), and Israeli airstrikes in the Gaza Strip. The crisis was triggered on 6 May, when Palestinians in East Jerusalem began protesting over an anticipated decision of the Supreme Court of Israel on the eviction of six Palestinian families in the East Jerusalem neighborhood of Sheikh Jarrah. Under international law, the area, effectively annexed by Israel in 1980, is a part of the Israeli-occupied West Bank. On 7 May, according to Israel's Channel 12, Palestinians threw stones at Israeli police forces, who then stormed the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound using tear gas, rubber bullets, and stun grenades. The crisis prompted protests around the world as well as official reactions from world leaders.\n\nThe violence coincided with Qadr Night (8 May), observed by Muslims, and Jerusalem Day (9–10 May), an Israeli national holiday celebrating the occupation of East Jerusalem in 1967. The confrontations occurred ahead of a planned Jerusalem Day parade known as the Dance of Flags by far-right Jewish nationalists, which was later canceled. More than 600 people were injured, mostly Palestinians, drawing international condemnation. Israel's Supreme Court ruling on evictions from Sheikh Jarrah was then delayed for 30 days as Avichai Mandelblit, the erstwhile attorney general of Israel, sought to reduce tensions.\n\nOn the afternoon of 10 May, Hamas gave Israel an ultimatum to withdraw its security forces from both the Temple Mount complex and Sheikh Jarrah by 6 p.m. When the ultimatum expired without a response, both Hamas and PIJ launched rockets from the Gaza Strip into Israel; some of these rockets hit Israeli residences and a school. Israel then began a campaign of airstrikes against Gaza; by 16 May, some 950 targets had been attacked, demolishing completely or partially 18 buildings, including four high-rise towers, 40 schools and four hospitals, while also striking the al-Shati refugee camp. Additionally, at least 19 medical facilities were damaged or destroyed by the Israeli bombardment. By 17 May, the United Nations estimated that Israeli airstrikes had destroyed 94 buildings in Gaza, comprising 461 housing and commercial units, including the al-Jalaa Highrise; housing offices of the Associated Press, the Al Jazeera Media Network, and other news outlets; and 60 condominiums.\n\nAs a result of the violence, at least 256 Palestinians, including 66 children, were killed (including at least seven from friendly fire). In Israel, at least 13 people were killed, including two children. The Gaza Ministry of Health reported that more than 1,900 Palestinians were injured, and as of 12 May, at least 200 Israelis were reported to have been injured. As of 19 May, at least 72,000 Palestinians have been displaced. Around 4,360 Palestinian rockets were fired towards Israel, of which 680 landed within the Gaza Strip, and over 90 percent of rockets bound towards populated areas were intercepted by Israel's Iron Dome. Israel conducted around 1,500 aerial, land, and sea strikes on the Gaza Strip. Calls for a ceasefire were first proposed on 13 May by Hamas, but rejected by Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu. On 18 May, France, along with Egypt and Jordan, announced the filing of a United Nations Security Council resolution for a ceasefire. Egypt mediated a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, which came into effect on 21 May 2021, ending 11 days of fighting in which both sides claimed victory. On 16 June 2021, incendiary balloons were launched from Gaza into Israel, which the Israeli Air Force responded to with multiple airstrikes in the Gaza Strip, resuming the fighting.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1372784783,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-02T07:03:18Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Israel%E2%80%93Palestine_crisis","wikidata_qid":"Q106775117","wikidata_classes":["ethnic conflict","armed conflict","civil disorder"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"hand_picked":true,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"Describes Jerusalem Day as \"celebrating the occupation of East Jerusalem\" as fact (Israelis call it reunification). Casualties, rockets and the Hamas ultimatum are all reported.","highlights":["celebrating the occupation of East Jerusalem"]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[{"text":"celebrating the occupation of East Jerusalem","kind":"fairness"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q151622","label":"Israeli–Palestinian conflict"}],"includes":[{"id":"operation-guardian-of-the-walls","title":"Operation Guardian of the Walls","date_start":"2021-05-01"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"2022-al-aqsa-clashes","title":"2022 Al-Aqsa clashes","date_start":"2022-04-15"},{"id":"july-2023-jenin-incursion","title":"July 2023 Jenin incursion","date_start":"2023-07-03"},{"id":"second-intifada","title":"Second Intifada","date_start":"2000-09-28"},{"id":"cave-of-the-patriarchs-massacre","title":"Cave of the Patriarchs massacre","date_start":"1994-02-25"},{"id":"first-intifada","title":"First Intifada","date_start":"1987-12-08"}],"same_time":[{"id":"2021-syrian-presidential-election","title":"2021 Syrian presidential election","date_start":"2021-05-26"},{"id":"sofagate","title":"Sofagate","date_start":"2021-04-06"},{"id":"iran-china-25-year-cooperation-program","title":"Iran–China 25-year Cooperation Program","date_start":"2021-03-27"},{"id":"2021-iranian-presidential-election","title":"2021 Iranian presidential election","date_start":"2021-06-18"},{"id":"2021-israeli-legislative-election","title":"2021 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"2021-03-23"}]}},"mahsa-amini-protests":{"extract":"Civil unrest and protests against the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran associated with the death in police custody of Mahsa Amini (Persian: مهسا امینی) began on 16 September 2022 and carried on into 2023, but by spring 2023, the protests had largely subsided, ultimately leaving the political leadership unchanged and firmly entrenched in power. The protests were described as \"unlike any the country had seen before\", the \"biggest challenge\" to the government, and \"most widespread revolt\" since the Islamic Revolution in 1979.\n\nAmini was arrested by the Guidance Patrol on 13 September 2022 for allegedly violating Iran's mandatory hijab law by wearing her hijab \"improperly\" while visiting Tehran from Saqqez. According to eyewitnesses, she was severely beaten by Guidance Patrol officers (this was denied by Iranian authorities). She subsequently collapsed, was hospitalized and died three days later. As the protests spread from Amini's hometown of Saqqez to other cities in the Iranian Kurdistan and throughout Iran, the government responded with widespread Internet blackouts, nationwide restrictions on social media usage, tear gas and gunfire.\n\nAlthough the protests have not been as deadly as those in 2019 (when more than 1,500 were killed), they have been \"nationwide, spread across social classes, universities, the streets [and] schools\". At least 551 people, including 68 minors, had been killed as a result of the government's intervention in the protests, as of 15 September 2023. Before February 2023 when most were pardoned, an estimated 19,262 were arrested across at least 134 cities and towns and 132 universities.\n\nFemale protesters, including schoolchildren, have played a key role in the demonstrations. In addition to demands for increased rights for women, the protests have demanded the overthrow of the Islamic Republic, setting them apart from previous major protest movements in Iran, which have focused on election results or economic woes.\n\nThe government's response to the protests and its \"brutal and disproportionate use of force against peaceful protesters and children\" was widely condemned, but Supreme Leader of Iran Ali Khamenei dismissed the unrest as \"riots\" and part of a \"hybrid war\" against Iran created by foreign enemy states and dissidents abroad.\n\nOn 2 February 2024, the UN Human Rights Council's Fact-Finding Mission released a report which found the Iranian regime committed systematic crimes against humanity.\n\nOn 16 September 2026, Amnesty International reported that the Iranian regime instigated the killing, torture, and sexual abuse of protesters during the Mahsa Amini protests, adding that the subsequent suppression of the 2025–2026 Iranian protests exhibited similar characteristics, but on a larger scale.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1376655382,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-25T13:46:35Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahsa_Amini_protests","wikidata_qid":"Q114065797","wikidata_classes":["demonstration","protest","rebellion","armed conflict"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"country-fallback:Iran","text_from_article":null,"hand_picked":true,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"includes":[{"id":"2022-shah-cheragh-attack","title":"2022 Shah Cheragh attack","date_start":"2022-10-26"}],"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"2022-israeli-legislative-election","title":"2022 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"2022-11-01"},{"id":"black-sea-grain-initiative","title":"Black Sea Grain Initiative","date_start":"2022-07-22"},{"id":"2022-istanbul-bombing","title":"2022 Istanbul bombing","date_start":"2022-11-13"},{"id":"2023-neve-yaakov-shooting","title":"2023 Neve Yaakov shooting","date_start":"2023-01-27"},{"id":"2023-iran-drone-attacks","title":"2023 Iran drone attacks","date_start":"2023-01-28"}]}},"fao-landing":{"extract":"The Fao Landing occurred from 6 November to 8 November 1914 with British forces attacking the Ottoman stronghold of Fao and its fortress. The landing was met with little resistance from the Ottoman defenders who fled after intense shelling. It was the first military operation of the Mesopotamian Campaign, during the First World War, which was carried out to protect British oil supplies in the Persian Gulf.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1377201520,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-28T07:44:54Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fao_Landing","wikidata_qid":"Q1286106","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q18937","label":"Mesopotamian campaign","id":"mesopotamian-campaign"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"battle-of-basra-1914","title":"Battle of Basra (1914)","date_start":"1914-11-11"},{"id":"battle-of-qurna","title":"Battle of Qurna","date_start":"1914-12-03"},{"id":"battle-of-ctesiphon-1915","title":"Battle of Ctesiphon (1915)","date_start":"1915-11-22"},{"id":"siege-of-kut","title":"Siege of Kut","date_start":"1915-12-07"},{"id":"battle-of-wadi-1916","title":"Battle of Wadi (1916)","date_start":"1916-01-13"}],"nearby":[{"id":"battle-of-al-faw-2003","title":"Battle of Al Faw (2003)","date_start":"2003-03-20","km":5.3,"bearing":7},{"id":"first-battle-of-al-faw","title":"First Battle of al-Faw","date_start":"1986-02-11","km":5.3,"bearing":7},{"id":"siege-of-abadan","title":"Siege of Abadan","date_start":"1980-11-06","km":48.4,"bearing":339},{"id":"cinema-rex-fire","title":"Cinema Rex fire","date_start":"1978-08-19","km":48.5,"bearing":339}],"same_time":[{"id":"middle-eastern-theatre-of-world-war-i","title":"Middle Eastern theatre of World War I","date_start":"1914-10-30"},{"id":"caucasus-campaign","title":"Caucasus campaign","date_start":"1914-10-29"},{"id":"ottoman-entry-into-world-war-i","title":"Ottoman entry into World War I","date_start":"1914-10-29"},{"id":"battle-of-sarikamish","title":"Battle of Sarikamish","date_start":"1914-12-22"},{"id":"battle-of-ardahan","title":"Battle of Ardahan","date_start":"1914-12-25"}]}},"semiramis-hotel-bombing":{"extract":"An attack was carried out by the Jewish paramilitary group Haganah on the Christian-owned Semiramis Hotel in the Katamon neighborhood of Jerusalem during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine.\n\nAfter suspecting that the Semiramis hotel was one of two Arab headquarters in Katamon, the Haganah planted a bomb there on the night of 5–6 January 1948. The mission was carried out by a team consisting of four men supported by ten riflemen. The explosion killed 24 or 26 civilians including at least one child. Among the dead were seven members of the Aboussouan family and Hubert Lorenzo, the 23-year-old son of the proprietor. The Spanish vice-consul, Manuel Allende Salazar, was also killed in the attack.\n\nAccording to Associated Press reported at the time that a Haganah spokesman said the Jerusalem hotel was attacked because \"the building was an important meeting place of Arab gangs, where arms were distributed to villages in the Jerusalem area.\" He continued, \"Unfortunately, we cannot hit at the Arab band's (main) headquarters as it is secreted in a mosque.\"\n\nThe attack was harshly condemned by the British authorities, and David Ben-Gurion sacked Mishael Shaham, the Haganah officer responsible for the Jerusalem sector, replacing him with David Shaltiel. The British authorities denounced the attack as the \"wholesale murder of innocent people.\" According to John B. Quigley, the Jewish Agency complained that the British government had not criticized deadly attacks by Arabs. British government officials responded by stating that Arabs had not carried out organized attacks on buildings containing women and children. Haganah said that they had inaccurate information that the hotel was being used by Arab irregulars.\n\nPrior to the bombing, the distinctive white jeep of Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni, commander of Jerusalem's Arab forces, had been seen in the hotel driveway.\n\nIn O Jerusalem!, Dominique Lapierre and Larry Collins write that Mishael Shaham, the Haganah leader who organised the bombing, had been sent to Jerusalem to stop the flow of beleaguered Jews retreating from mixed areas of Jerusalem to the Jewish areas. It was thought that 'a major blow in Arab Katamon ... might force the Arabs out of the quarter and change the psychological climate in the city'. Shaham asked \"Where is the main Arab headquarters?\"","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1366913357,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-07-30T21:51:00Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiramis_Hotel_bombing","wikidata_qid":"Q2086153","wikidata_classes":["terrorist attack"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q2379101","label":"1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"operation-nachshon","title":"Operation Nachshon","date_start":"1948-04-05"},{"id":"deir-yassin-massacre","title":"Deir Yassin massacre","date_start":"1948-04-09"},{"id":"hadassah-medical-convoy-massacre","title":"Hadassah medical convoy massacre","date_start":"1948-04-13"},{"id":"battle-of-haifa-1948","title":"Battle of Haifa (1948)","date_start":"1948-04-21"}],"nearby":[{"id":"king-david-hotel-bombing","title":"King David Hotel bombing","date_start":"1946-07-22","km":1.9,"bearing":46},{"id":"2017-jerusalem-truck-attack","title":"2017 Jerusalem truck attack","date_start":"2017-01-08","km":2.4,"bearing":112},{"id":"battle-of-jerusalem-1917","title":"Battle of Jerusalem","date_start":"1917-11-17","km":2.4,"bearing":50},{"id":"sbarro-restaurant-suicide-bombing","title":"Sbarro restaurant suicide bombing","date_start":"2001-08-09","km":2.5,"bearing":22},{"id":"1920-nebi-musa-riots","title":"1920 Nebi Musa riots","date_start":"1920-04-04","km":2.9,"bearing":57}],"same_time":[{"id":"balad-al-shaykh-massacre","title":"Balad al-Shaykh massacre","date_start":"1947-12-31"},{"id":"haifa-oil-refinery-massacre","title":"Haifa Oil Refinery massacre","date_start":"1947-12-30"},{"id":"1947-anti-jewish-riots-in-aden","title":"1947 anti-Jewish riots in Aden","date_start":"1947-12-04"},{"id":"1948-palestine-war","title":"1948 Palestine war","date_start":"1947-11-30"},{"id":"united-nations-partition-plan-for-palestine","title":"United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine","date_start":"1947-11-29"}]}},"luxor-massacre":{"extract":"The Luxor massacre was a terrorist attack that occurred on 17 November 1997 in Egypt. It was perpetrated by al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya and resulted in the deaths of 62 people, most of whom were tourists. It took place at Dayr al-Bahri, an archaeological site located across the Nile from the city of Luxor.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370556995,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-21T20:42:37Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxor_massacre","wikidata_qid":"Q53600","wikidata_classes":["terrorist attack"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"LABEL","guideline_name":"Contentious labels","shortcut":"MOS:LABEL","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Contentious_labels","phrase":"was a terrorist attack","note":"Uses \"terrorist\" for the attack, in the defining sentence, in Wikipedia's own voice, without saying who uses the label."}],"highlights":["was a terrorist attack"]},"highlights":[{"text":"was a terrorist attack","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false}},"naval-operations-in-the-dardanelles-campaign":{"extract":"The naval operations in the Dardanelles campaign (17 February 1915 – 9 January 1916) took place against the Ottoman Empire during the First World War. Ships of the Royal Navy, French Marine nationale, Imperial Russian Navy (Российский императорский флот) and the Royal Australian Navy, attempted to force a passage through the Dardanelles Straits, a narrow, 41-mile-long (66 km) waterway connecting the Mediterranean Sea with the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea further north.\n\nThe naval operations were defeated by the Ottoman defenders, mainly through use of naval mines. The Allies conducted the Gallipoli campaign, a land invasion of the Gallipoli peninsula to eliminate the Ottoman artillery along the straits before resuming naval operations. The Allies also passed submarines through the Dardanelles to attack Ottoman shipping in the Sea of Marmara.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370629405,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-22T04:45:27Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_operations_in_the_Dardanelles_campaign","wikidata_qid":"Q2778755","wikidata_classes":["naval battle","battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q164983","label":"Gallipoli Campaign","id":"gallipoli-campaign"}],"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"sinai-and-palestine-campaign","title":"Sinai and Palestine campaign","date_start":"1915-01-28"},{"id":"battle-of-ardahan","title":"Battle of Ardahan","date_start":"1914-12-25"},{"id":"battle-of-sarikamish","title":"Battle of Sarikamish","date_start":"1914-12-22"},{"id":"defense-of-van-1915","title":"Defense of Van (1915)","date_start":"1915-04-19"},{"id":"armenian-genocide","title":"Armenian genocide","date_start":"1915-04-24"}]}},"aden-emergency":{"extract":"The Aden Emergency, also known as the 14 October Revolution or the Aden Insurgency, was an armed rebellion led mainly by the National Liberation Front (NLF) and the Front for the Liberation of Occupied South Yemen (FLOSY) against the British Protectorate and Federation of South Arabia. It began on 14 October 1963 when tribes from Radfan attacked British troops and ended with the proclamation of independence of the People's Republic of Southern Yemen.\n\nThe British had declared a state of emergency following the throwing of a grenade at a gathering of British officials on 10 December 1963 at RAF Khormaksar. A state of emergency was then declared in the British Crown colony of Aden and its hinterland, the Aden Protectorate. The emergency escalated in 1967, which hastened the end of British rule in the territory, which had begun in 1839.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1381075505,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-19T21:24:14Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aden_Emergency","wikidata_qid":"Q3299864","wikidata_classes":["insurgency","rebellion"],"date_flags":["date_source_adjusted: Wikidata P585 1967-11-30 equals the item's end time (P582); used P580 start time 1963-10-14"],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q8683","label":"Cold War"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"war-of-attrition","title":"War of Attrition","date_start":"1967-07-01"},{"id":"political-violence-in-turkey-1976-1980","title":"Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)","date_start":"1968-01-01"},{"id":"suez-crisis","title":"Suez Crisis","date_start":"1956-10-29"},{"id":"1953-iranian-coup-d-tat","title":"1953 Iranian coup d'état","date_start":"1953-08-15"},{"id":"egyptian-revolution-of-1952","title":"Egyptian revolution of 1952","date_start":"1952-07-23"}]}},"anbar-campaign-2013-2014":{"extract":"Beginning in December 2012, Sunnis in Iraq protested against the Maliki government. On 28 December 2013, a Sunni MP named Ahmed al-Alwani was arrested in a raid on his home in Ramadi. Alwani was a prominent supporter of the anti-government protests. This incident led to violence in Al Anbar Governorate between the Iraqi Army and a loose alliance of tribal militias and other groups fighting alongside the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).\n\nIn January 2014, the anti-government forces took control of Fallujah, and there was heavy fighting in Ramadi. In March, the Iraqi army secured Ramadi and attempted to regain Fallujah. In June, ISIL launched a major offensive in Anbar in conjunction with their assault on northern Iraq. By 23 June, they controlled at least 70% of Anbar.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370846645,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-23T11:11:25Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anbar_campaign_(2013%E2%80%932014)","wikidata_qid":"Q15553019","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q17984356","label":"Iraqi Civil War of 2014–2017","id":"war-in-iraq-2013-2017"}],"includes":[{"id":"fall-of-fallujah","title":"Fall of Fallujah","date_start":"2013-12-30"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"fall-of-mosul","title":"Fall of Mosul","date_start":"2014-06-04"},{"id":"islamic-state-invasion-of-iraq","title":"Islamic State invasion of Iraq","date_start":"2014-06-05"},{"id":"first-battle-of-tikrit","title":"First Battle of Tikrit","date_start":"2014-06-26"},{"id":"battle-of-zumar","title":"Battle of Zumar","date_start":"2014-08-01"},{"id":"sinjar-massacre","title":"Sinjar massacre","date_start":"2014-08-01"}],"same_time":[{"id":"2014-turkish-local-elections","title":"2014 Turkish local elections","date_start":"2014-03-30"},{"id":"2014-iraqi-parliamentary-election","title":"2014 Iraqi parliamentary election","date_start":"2014-04-30"},{"id":"ghouta-chemical-attack","title":"Ghouta chemical attack","date_start":"2013-08-21"},{"id":"rabaa-massacre","title":"Rabaa massacre","date_start":"2013-08-14"},{"id":"2014-egyptian-presidential-election","title":"2014 Egyptian presidential election","date_start":"2014-05-28"}]}},"2017-turkish-constitutional-referendum":{"extract":"A constitutional referendum was held in Turkey on 16 April 2017 on whether to approve 18 proposed amendments to the Turkish constitution that were brought forward by the governing Justice and Development Party (AKP) and the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP). As a result of its approval, the office of Prime Minister was abolished and the existing parliamentary system of government was replaced with an executive presidency and a presidential system. The number of seats in Parliament was raised from 550 to 600, while, among a series of other proposals, the president was given more control over appointments to the Supreme Board of Judges and Prosecutors (HSYK). The referendum was held under a state of emergency that was declared following the failed military coup attempt in July 2016.\n\nEarly results indicated a 51–49% lead for the \"Yes\" vote. In an unprecedented move, the Supreme Electoral Council (YSK) allowed non-stamped ballots to be accepted as valid. Some critics of the reform decried this move to be illegal, claiming that as many as 1.5 million ballots were unstamped, and did not recognize the results. Large-scale protests erupted following the results in order to protest the YSK's decision. In subsequent reports, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) both criticized unfairness during the campaign and declared the YSK's decision to be illegal.\n\nAn executive presidency was a long-standing proposal of the governing AKP and its founder, the current President of Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. In October 2016, the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) announced its co-operation for producing draft proposals with the government, with the combined support of both AKP and MHP MPs being sufficient to put forward the proposals to a referendum following a parliamentary vote in January. Those in favour of a \"Yes\" vote argued that the changes were necessary for a strong and stable Turkey, arguing that an executive presidency would bring about an end to unstable coalition governments that had dominated Turkish politics since the 1960s up until 2002. The \"No\" campaign argued that the proposals would concentrate too much power in the hands of the President, effectively dismantling the separation of powers and taking legislative authority away from Parliament. Three days before the referendum, one of Erdoğan's aides called for a federal system should the \"Yes\" vote prevail, causing a backlash from the pro-Yes MHP. Both sides of the campaign were accused of using divisive and extreme rhetoric, with Erdoğan accusing \"No\" voters of being terrorists siding with the plotters of the failed 2016 coup.\n\nThe campaign was marred by allegations of state suppression against \"No\" campaigners, while the \"Yes\" campaign was able to make use of state facilities and funding to organize rallies and campaign events. Leading members of the \"No\" campaign, which included many high-profile former members of the MHP such as Meral Akşener, Ümit Özdağ, Sinan Oğan, and Yusuf Halaçoğlu, were all subject to violence and campaign restrictions. The \"Yes\" campaign was faced with campaigning restrictions by several European countries, with the German, Dutch, Danish and Swiss governments all cancelling or requesting the suspension of \"Yes\" campaign events directed at Turkish voters living abroad. The restrictions caused a sharp deterioration in diplomatic relations and caused a diplomatic crisis between Turkey and the Netherlands. Concerns were also raised about voting irregularities, with \"Yes\" voters in Germany being caught attempting to vote more than once and also being found to have been in possession of ballot papers before the overseas voting process had started. European election monitors said the vote did not meet international standards.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1373861316,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-08T10:59:01Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_Turkish_constitutional_referendum","wikidata_qid":"Q28062036","wikidata_classes":["constitutional referendum","referendum"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"2017-aleppo-suicide-car-bombing","title":"2017 Aleppo suicide car bombing","date_start":"2017-04-15"},{"id":"palm-sunday-church-bombings","title":"Palm Sunday church bombings","date_start":"2017-04-09"},{"id":"2017-shayrat-missile-strike","title":"2017 Shayrat missile strike","date_start":"2017-04-07"},{"id":"khan-shaykhun-chemical-attack","title":"Khan Shaykhun chemical attack","date_start":"2017-04-04"},{"id":"2017-iranian-presidential-election","title":"2017 Iranian presidential election","date_start":"2017-05-19"}]}},"gaza-genocide":{"extract":"The Gaza genocide is the ongoing, intentional, and systematic destruction of the Palestinian people in the Gaza Strip carried out by Israel during the Gaza war. It encompasses mass killings, the targeted killing of children (who account for 30% of those killed), deliberate starvation, infliction of serious bodily and mental harm, and prevention of births. Other acts include blockading, destroying civilian infrastructure, destroying healthcare facilities, killing healthcare workers and aid-seekers, causing mass forced displacement, committing sexual violence, and destroying educational, religious, and cultural sites. The genocide has been recognised by a United Nations special committee and commission of inquiry, the International Association of Genocide Scholars, multiple human rights groups, state governments, numerous genocide studies and international law scholars, and other experts.\n\nAs of September 2026, at least 73,400 people in Gaza had been killed. The vast majority of the victims were civilians, and around 50% were women and children. Compared to other recent global conflicts, the numbers of known deaths of journalists, humanitarian and health workers, and children are among the highest. Thousands more uncounted bodies are thought to be under the rubble of destroyed buildings. A study in the medical journal The Lancet estimated that traumatic injury deaths were undercounted by June 2024, while noting an even larger potential death toll with indirect deaths included. The number of injured is greater than 174,000. Gaza has the most child amputees per capita in the world; the Gaza war caused more than 21,000 children to be disabled. In July 2025, 18,457 children were listed among the war dead by health authorities in Gaza, excluding indirect deaths and those buried under rubble.\n\nAn Israeli blockade heavily contributed to starvation and confirmed famine. In August 2025, about 641,000 people experienced catastrophic levels of food insecurity. Early in the conflict, Israel cut off Gaza's water and electricity. It later partially restored the water. As of October 2025, 94% of Gaza's health centres have been destroyed or damaged. Israel also destroyed numerous cultural heritage sites, including all 12 of Gaza's universities, and 80% of its schools. Over 1.9 million Palestinians—85% of Gaza's population—were forcibly displaced. Israel's bombing also caused severe environmental devastation across the territory.\n\nIn December 2023, the government of South Africa instituted proceedings, South Africa v. Israel, against Israel at the International Court of Justice (ICJ), alleging a violation of the Genocide Convention. In January 2024, the court ordered Israel to take all measures within its power to prevent the commission of acts of genocide, to prevent and punish incitement to genocide, and to allow basic humanitarian service, aid and supplies into Gaza. The court later ordered Israel to increase humanitarian aid into Gaza and to halt its Rafah offensive. Israel did not fully comply with the court's orders. Separately, in November 2024, the International Criminal Court (ICC) issued arrest warrants for Benjamin Netanyahu and Yoav Gallant for war crimes and crimes against humanity. In response, the United States imposed sanctions on the ICC in February 2025.\n\nPalestinians have emphasized the relationship between the Gaza genocide and Zionist political violence, describing it as a continuation of the Nakba and its ongoing effects. Israel and its supporters maintain that its actions do not constitute genocide, that they are a response to the October 7 attacks, and that Israel's aim has been to destroy Hamas and free Israeli hostages. There is increasing consensus among genocide and international legal scholars on the genocide assessment, although some academics and countries challenge it.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-10","wikipedia_revid":1379550219,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-10T17:20:02Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza_genocide","wikidata_qid":"Q124086054","wikidata_classes":["genocide","humanitarian crisis"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"The opening sentence defines it as \"the ongoing, intentional, and systematic destruction of the Palestinian people ... carried out by Israel\". The finding is supported by a UN commission and genocide scholars, but Israel, the US and some scholars reject it and the International Court of Justice has not ruled. Israel's position gets one sentence near the end.","highlights":["the ongoing, intentional, and systematic destruction of the Palestinian people","carried out by Israel"]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"NPOV","guideline_name":"Avoid stating opinions as facts","shortcut":"WP:YESPOV","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3ANeutral_point_of_view&oldid=1370393267#Explanation","phrase":"the ongoing, intentional, and systematic destruction of the Palestinian people","note":"The defining sentence states the genocide characterisation in Wikipedia's own voice. The summary itself attributes it (a UN special committee and commission of inquiry, the International Association of Genocide Scholars, scholars and governments) and gives Israel's position with its reasons."}],"highlights":["the ongoing, intentional, and systematic destruction of the Palestinian people"]},"highlights":[{"text":"the ongoing, intentional, and systematic destruction of the Palestinian people","kind":"fairness"},{"text":"carried out by Israel","kind":"fairness"},{"text":"the ongoing, intentional, and systematic destruction of the Palestinian people","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q122962941","label":"Gaza War","id":"2023-israel-hamas-war"}],"includes":[{"id":"attacks-on-jabalia-refugee-camp-2023-present","title":"Attacks on Jabalia refugee camp (2023–present)","date_start":"2023-10-01"},{"id":"gaza-strip-evacuations","title":"Gaza Strip evacuations","date_start":"2023-10-01"},{"id":"gaza-strip-famine","title":"Gaza Strip famine","date_start":"2023-10-01"},{"id":"al-shati-refugee-camp-airstrikes","title":"Al-Shati refugee camp airstrikes","date_start":"2023-10-12"},{"id":"al-ahli-arab-hospital-explosion","title":"Al-Ahli Arab Hospital explosion","date_start":"2023-10-17"},{"id":"church-of-saint-porphyrius-airstrike","title":"Church of Saint Porphyrius airstrike","date_start":"2023-10-19"},{"id":"al-shifa-hospital-siege","title":"Al-Shifa Hospital siege","date_start":"2023-11-01"},{"id":"killing-of-hind-rajab","title":"Killing of Hind Rajab","date_start":"2024-01-29"},{"id":"flour-massacre","title":"Flour Massacre","date_start":"2024-02-29"},{"id":"tel-al-sultan-attack","title":"Tel al-Sultan attack","date_start":"2024-05-26"},{"id":"march-2025-israeli-attacks-on-the-gaza-strip","title":"March 2025 Israeli attacks on the Gaza Strip","date_start":"2025-03-18"},{"id":"rafah-paramedic-massacre","title":"Rafah paramedic massacre","date_start":"2025-03-23"},{"id":"2025-nasser-hospital-strikes","title":"2025 Nasser Hospital strikes","date_start":"2025-08-25"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"battle-of-re-im","title":"Battle of Re'im","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"battle-of-sderot","title":"Battle of Sderot","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"nahal-oz-attack","title":"Nahal Oz attack","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"october-7-attacks","title":"October 7 attacks","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"zikim-attack","title":"Zikim attack","date_start":"2023-10-07"}],"same_time":[{"id":"alumim-massacre","title":"Alumim massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"be-eri-massacre","title":"Be'eri massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"ein-hashlosha-massacre","title":"Ein HaShlosha massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"holit-attack","title":"Holit attack","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"kfar-aza-massacre","title":"Kfar Aza massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"}]}},"mesopotamian-campaign":{"extract":"The Mesopotamian campaign or Mesopotamian front (Turkish: Irak Cephesi) was a campaign in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I fought between the British Empire, with troops from Britain, Australia and the vast majority from the British Raj, and the Central Powers, primarily the Ottoman Empire, over control of Ottoman Iraq. It started after the British Fao Landing in 1914, which sought to protect Anglo-Persian Oil Company oil fields in Khuzestan province and the Shatt al-Arab waterway. The front later evolved into a larger campaign that sought to capture the city of Baghdad and divert Ottoman forces from other fronts. It ended with the Armistice of Mudros in 1918, leading to the cession of Iraq and further partition of the Ottoman Empire.\n\nThe British advanced from Al-Faw to the city of Basra to secure British oil fields in nearby Iran. Following the landings, British forces won a string of victories along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, including the repulse of an Ottoman attempt to retake Basra at the Battle of Shaiba. The advance stalled when the British reached the town of Kut, south of the city of Baghdad in December 1915. The Siege of Kut led to the defeat of the British force, later called \"the worst defeat of the Allies in World War I\". The British re-organised and began a new campaign to take Baghdad. Despite fierce Ottoman resistance, Baghdad was captured in March 1917 and the Ottomans suffered more defeats until the Armistice at Mudros.\n\nThe campaign ended with a British mandate over Mesopotamia being established and a change of the balance of power following the Ottoman expulsion from the region. In Turkey, elements of the Misak-ı Millî, the last Ottoman parliament, still claimed parts of modern Iraq such as Mosul as being Turkish, leading to Allied occupation of Constantinople. The British mandate over Mesopotamia later failed as an Iraqi revolt in 1920, caused by discontent with the British administration, led to the Cairo Conference in 1921. It was decided a Hashemite kingdom under British influence would be established in the region with Faisal as its first monarch.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1380603634,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-16T19:36:00Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamian_campaign","wikidata_qid":"Q18937","wikidata_classes":["military campaign","armed conflict"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q1765465","label":"Middle Eastern theater of World War I","id":"middle-eastern-theatre-of-world-war-i"}],"includes":[{"id":"fao-landing","title":"Fao Landing","date_start":"1914-11-06"},{"id":"battle-of-basra-1914","title":"Battle of Basra (1914)","date_start":"1914-11-11"},{"id":"battle-of-qurna","title":"Battle of Qurna","date_start":"1914-12-03"},{"id":"battle-of-ctesiphon-1915","title":"Battle of Ctesiphon (1915)","date_start":"1915-11-22"},{"id":"siege-of-kut","title":"Siege of Kut","date_start":"1915-12-07"},{"id":"battle-of-wadi-1916","title":"Battle of Wadi (1916)","date_start":"1916-01-13"},{"id":"battles-of-ramadi-1917","title":"Battles of Ramadi (1917)","date_start":"1917-01-01"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"caucasus-campaign","title":"Caucasus campaign","date_start":"1914-10-29"},{"id":"sinai-and-palestine-campaign","title":"Sinai and Palestine campaign","date_start":"1915-01-28"},{"id":"gallipoli-campaign","title":"Gallipoli campaign","date_start":"1915-02-19"},{"id":"arab-revolt","title":"Arab Revolt","date_start":"1916-06-10"},{"id":"battle-of-romani","title":"Battle of Romani","date_start":"1916-08-03"}],"same_time":[{"id":"ottoman-entry-into-world-war-i","title":"Ottoman entry into World War I","date_start":"1914-10-29"},{"id":"battle-of-sarikamish","title":"Battle of Sarikamish","date_start":"1914-12-22"},{"id":"battle-of-ardahan","title":"Battle of Ardahan","date_start":"1914-12-25"},{"id":"german-ottoman-alliance","title":"German–Ottoman alliance","date_start":"1914-08-02"},{"id":"naval-operations-in-the-dardanelles-campaign","title":"Naval operations in the Dardanelles campaign","date_start":"1915-02-19"}]}},"1920-nebi-musa-riots":{"extract":"The 1920 Nebi Musa riots or 1920 Jerusalem riots took place in the British-controlled part of Occupied Enemy Territory Administration from 4 to 7 April 1920 in and around the Old City of Jerusalem. Five Jews were killed and several hundred injured; four Arabs were killed and 18 injured; seven Britons were injured. The riots coincided with and are named after the Nebi Musa festival, which was held every year on Easter Sunday, and followed rising tensions in Arab–Jewish relations. The riots came shortly after the Battle of Tel Hai amid increasing pressure on Arab nationalists in Syria in the course of the Franco-Syrian War.\n\nArab religious leaders gave speeches during the festival (in which large numbers of Muslims traditionally gathered for a religious procession) that included slogans referencing Zionist immigration and previous confrontations over outlying Jewish villages in the Galilee. The trigger that turned the procession into a riot is not known with certainty.\n\nThe British military administration of Palestine was criticized for withdrawing troops from inside Jerusalem and because it was slow to regain control. As a result of the riots, trust among the British, Jews, and Arabs eroded. One consequence was that the region's Jewish community increased moves towards an autonomous infrastructure and security apparatus parallel to that of the British administration, prompting the formation of the Haganah.\n\nIn its wake, sheikhs of 82 villages around the city and Jaffa, claiming to represent 70% of the population, issued a document protesting the demonstrations against the Jews. This condemnation may have been procured with bribes. Notwithstanding the riots, the Jewish community held elections for the Assembly of Representatives on 19 April 1920 among Jews everywhere in Palestine except Jerusalem, where they were delayed to 3 May. The riots also preceded the San Remo conference, which was held from 19 to 26 April 1920, and at which the fate of the Middle East was to be decided.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1378560942,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-05T00:53:26Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1920_Nebi_Musa_riots","wikidata_qid":"Q1341655","wikidata_classes":["riot","protest"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"Adds an unattributed suggestion that the Arab village sheikhs' condemnation of the riots \"may have been procured with bribes\", which discounts the one Arab statement against the violence without saying who makes that claim.","highlights":["This condemnation may have been procured with bribes."]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[{"text":"This condemnation may have been procured with bribes.","kind":"fairness"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"1929-palestine-riots","title":"1929 Palestine riots","date_start":"1929-08-23","km":0,"bearing":0},{"id":"2022-al-aqsa-clashes","title":"2022 Al-Aqsa clashes","date_start":"2022-04-15","km":0.2,"bearing":109},{"id":"2023-israel-palestine-tensions","title":"2023 Israel–Palestine tensions","date_start":"2023-04-05","km":0.2,"bearing":49},{"id":"battle-of-jerusalem-1917","title":"Battle of Jerusalem","date_start":"1917-11-17","km":0.6,"bearing":267},{"id":"king-david-hotel-bombing","title":"King David Hotel bombing","date_start":"1946-07-22","km":1.1,"bearing":257}],"same_time":[{"id":"san-remo-conference","title":"San Remo conference","date_start":"1920-04-19"},{"id":"franco-syrian-war","title":"Franco-Syrian War","date_start":"1920-03-08"},{"id":"battle-of-tel-hai","title":"Battle of Tel Hai","date_start":"1920-03-01"},{"id":"battle-of-marash","title":"Battle of Marash","date_start":"1920-01-21"},{"id":"1920-capture-of-damascus","title":"1920 capture of Damascus","date_start":"1920-07-24"}]}},"2010-gaza-flotilla-raid":{"extract":"Six civilian ships of the Gaza Freedom Flotilla were raided by Israel on 31 May 2010 in international waters in the Mediterranean Sea. Nine of the flotilla passengers were killed during the raid, with 30 wounded (including one who later died of his wounds). Ten Israeli soldiers were wounded, one seriously. The exact sequence of events is contested, in part due to the IDF's confiscation of the passengers' photographic evidence. The flotilla, organized by the Free Gaza Movement and the Turkish Foundation for Human Rights and Freedoms and Humanitarian Relief (İHH), was carrying humanitarian aid and construction materials, intending to break the Israeli naval blockade of the Gaza Strip.\n\nThe Israeli Navy warned the flotilla via radio to stop approaching the naval blockade and to change course to the port of Ashdod. This request was denied and on 31 May 2010, Israeli Shayetet 13 naval commandos boarded the ships in international waters from speedboats and helicopters. Aboard the Turkish ship MV Mavi Marmara, the Israeli Navy faced resistance from about 40 of the 590 passengers, including IHH activists who were said to be armed with iron bars and knives. During the struggle, nine activists were killed, including eight Turkish nationals and one Turkish American, and many were wounded. On 23 May 2014, a tenth member of the flotilla died in hospital after being in a coma for four years. Ten of the commandos were also wounded, one of them seriously.\n\nAccording to a United Nations Human Rights Council report, all activist deaths were caused by gunshots, and \"the circumstances of the killing of at least six of the passengers were in a manner consistent with an extra-legal, arbitrary and summary execution.\" The five other ships in the flotilla employed passive resistance, which was suppressed without major incident. According to the UNHRC report, several of the passengers were injured and the leg of one was fractured. The ships were towed to Israel. Some passengers were deported immediately, while about 600 were detained after they refused to sign deportation orders; a few of them were slated for prosecution. After international criticism, all of the detained activists were also deported. The raid drew widespread condemnation internationally, resulted in a deterioration of Israel–Turkey relations, and Israel subsequently eased its blockade on the Gaza Strip.\n\nThere were several probes into the incident. A UNHRC report in September 2010 deemed the raid illegal and stated that Israel's actions were \"disproportionate\" and \"betrayed an unacceptable level of brutality\", with evidence of \"wilful killing\". United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon announced a parallel probe in August 2010 by a four-member panel headed by Geoffrey Palmer. The Palmer report was published in September 2011 and also concluded that the raid was illegal. The report stated that the degree of force used against the Mavi Marmara was \"excessive and unreasonable\", and that the way Israel treated detained crew members violated international human rights law. In response to the raid, Israel offered Turkey $20 million in compensation, which was discussed in March 2013, with an agreement finalized in June 2016.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1376817672,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-26T11:27:37Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Gaza_flotilla_raid","wikidata_qid":"Q205512","wikidata_classes":["international incident","sea piracy","political crisis","international crisis"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"Says the Palmer report \"also concluded that the raid was illegal\" but leaves out the report's main findings that the naval blockade was legal and that the commandos met organised and violent resistance; only its criticisms of Israel are given.","highlights":["also concluded that the raid was illegal"]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[{"text":"also concluded that the raid was illegal","kind":"fairness"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"2010-iraqi-parliamentary-election","title":"2010 Iraqi parliamentary election","date_start":"2010-03-07"},{"id":"2010-turkish-constitutional-referendum","title":"2010 Turkish constitutional referendum","date_start":"2010-09-12"},{"id":"2009-iranian-presidential-election-protests","title":"2009 Iranian presidential election protests","date_start":"2010-02-11"},{"id":"2010-baghdad-church-siege","title":"2010 Baghdad church siege","date_start":"2010-10-31"}]}},"2011-turkish-general-election":{"extract":"General elections were held in Turkey on 12 June 2011 to elect the 550 members of Grand National Assembly. In accordance to the result of the constitutional referendum held in 2007, the elections were held four years after the previous elections in 2007 instead of five.\n\nThe result was a third consecutive victory for the incumbent Justice and Development Party (AKP), with its leader Recep Tayyip Erdoğan being re-elected as Prime Minister for a third term with 49.8% of the vote and 327 MPs. This represented an increase of 3.2% since the 2007 Turkish general election and an 11.4% rise since the 2009 Turkish local elections. The victory was attributed to the strong sustained economic recovery after the Great Recession as well as the completion of several projects such as the İzmir commuter railway, inter-city high speed rail lines and airports in Amasya, Gökçeada and Gazipaşa (Antalya).\n\nThe Republican People's Party (CHP) also saw an increase in its popular vote share, receiving 26.0% and winning 135 seats. The Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) received 13.0% and won 53 seats, representing a slight loss of support since 2007. The elections were the first to be contested by the CHP's new leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu, who replaced Deniz Baykal in 2010.\n\nThe elections were marred by violence originating mainly from the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), which is recognised as a terrorist organisation by Turkey, the European Union and the United States.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1370709453,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-22T17:13:45Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Turkish_general_election","wikidata_qid":"Q740451","wikidata_classes":["legislative election in Turkey","public election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"syrian-civil-war-spillover-in-lebanon","title":"Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon","date_start":"2011-06-17"},{"id":"june-2011-jisr-ash-shughur-clashes","title":"June 2011 Jisr ash-Shughur clashes","date_start":"2011-06-04"},{"id":"siege-of-talkalakh-may-2011","title":"Siege of Talkalakh (May 2011)","date_start":"2011-05-14"},{"id":"istanbul-convention","title":"Istanbul Convention","date_start":"2011-05-11"},{"id":"siege-of-homs","title":"Siege of Homs","date_start":"2011-05-06"}]}},"al-ahli-arab-hospital-explosion":{"extract":"On 17 October 2023, an explosion took place in a courtyard of al-Ahli Arab Hospital in Gaza City during the Gaza war, resulting in a large number of displaced Palestinians seeking shelter there being killed or injured.\n\nInternational media initially reported that over 500 Palestinians were killed according to the Gaza Health Ministry (GHM), but this was a mistranslation of a report that had mentioned over 500 total victims, including injured. The Gaza Health Ministry (GHM) later reported a more precise figure of 471 killed and 342 wounded. A report by Human Rights Watch (HRW) questioned the Health Ministry's casualty figures. The Anglican Diocese of Jerusalem, which manages the hospital, reported 200 people killed, while the U.S. assessed a figure between 100 and 300.\n\nThe cause of the explosion is contested. Israel, the United States, France, the United Kingdom, and Canada said that their intelligence sources indicated that the cause of the explosion was a failed rocket launch from within the Gaza Strip by the Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ). Hamas and PIJ stated the explosion was caused by an Israeli airstrike.\n\nIn the days after the incident, several organizations concluded that an errant rocket from Gaza was the likeliest explanation, including the Associated Press (AP), CNN, The Economist, The Guardian, and The Wall Street Journal (WSJ). Le Monde and the New York Times (NYT) rejected the Israeli interpretation of Al Jazeera and Hevrat HaHadashot footage cited as evidence of a stray rocket from Gaza hitting the hospital, while noting that other evidence was consistent with that hypothesis and concluding that the cause of the blast remained uncertain. In November 2023, Human Rights Watch (HRW) said that the available evidence made an Israeli airstrike \"highly unlikely\".\n\nInvestigations by Channel 4 News, Al Jazeera, and research groups Earshot and Forensic Architecture (FA) contested Israeli claims of a misfired Palestinian rocket being responsible for the blast. In its investigation on 20 October 2023, Forensic Architecture concluded that the blast was the result of a munition fired from the direction of Israel. Subsequent investigations by Forensic Architecture published in February and October 2024—the first one tracking, in 3D, each rocket in a volley of Palestinian rockets that Israel accused of striking the hospital, and the latter including situated testimony from Dr. Ghassan Abu-Sitta—were said by the organisation to cast further doubt on the errant rocket launch theory.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1375210670,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-16T13:18:57Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Ahli_Arab_Hospital_explosion","wikidata_qid":"Q123109101","wikidata_classes":["explosion","mass killing","friendly fire","airstrike","armed conflict","bombardment"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"Gives both accounts and attributes them, but after the news organisations and Human Rights Watch that found a rocket from Gaza most likely, it closes on a longer paragraph of investigations contesting that explanation, so the last word goes to the doubt.","highlights":["cast further doubt on the errant rocket launch theory"]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[{"text":"cast further doubt on the errant rocket launch theory","kind":"fairness"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q123550499","label":"attacks on health facilities during the Gaza war"},{"qid":"Q124086054","label":"Gaza genocide","id":"gaza-genocide"},{"qid":"Q122962941","label":"Gaza War","id":"2023-israel-hamas-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"church-of-saint-porphyrius-airstrike","title":"Church of Saint Porphyrius airstrike","date_start":"2023-10-19"},{"id":"al-shati-refugee-camp-airstrikes","title":"Al-Shati refugee camp airstrikes","date_start":"2023-10-12"},{"id":"battle-of-re-im","title":"Battle of Re'im","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"battle-of-sderot","title":"Battle of Sderot","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"nahal-oz-attack","title":"Nahal Oz attack","date_start":"2023-10-07"}],"nearby":[{"id":"killing-of-alon-shamriz-yotam-haim-and-samer-talalka","title":"Killing of Alon Shamriz, Yotam Haim, and Samer Talalka","date_start":"2023-12-15","km":0.9,"bearing":121},{"id":"battle-of-gaza-2007","title":"Battle of Gaza (2007)","date_start":"2007-06-10","km":1.7,"bearing":320},{"id":"first-battle-of-gaza","title":"First Battle of Gaza","date_start":"1917-03-26","km":2.1,"bearing":147},{"id":"second-battle-of-gaza","title":"Second Battle of Gaza","date_start":"1917-04-17","km":2.1,"bearing":147},{"id":"third-battle-of-gaza","title":"Third Battle of Gaza","date_start":"1917-11-01","km":2.1,"bearing":147}],"same_time":[{"id":"attacks-on-us-bases-during-the-middle-eastern-crisis-2023-present","title":"Attacks on US bases during the Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present)","date_start":"2023-10-18"},{"id":"red-sea-crisis","title":"Red Sea crisis","date_start":"2023-10-19"},{"id":"2024-israel-hezbollah-conflict","title":"Hezbollah–Israel conflict (2023–present)","date_start":"2023-10-08"},{"id":"alumim-massacre","title":"Alumim massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"be-eri-massacre","title":"Be'eri massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"}]}},"october-2024-israeli-strikes-on-iran":{"extract":"On 26 October 2024, Israel launched three waves of strikes against 20 locations in Iran and other locations in Iraq, and Syria, codenamed Operation Days of Repentance (Hebrew: מבצע ימי תשובה) by Israel. It was the largest attack on Iran since the Iran–Iraq War. Israel said the strikes were launched in response to the Iranian strikes against Israel earlier that month.\n\nIsrael informed Iran a few hours ahead of the attack what would be targeted, and warned Iran against responding. According to the Israeli military, the strikes targeted Iranian military sites, including air-defense batteries, a UAV factory, and missile production facilities, with all Israeli aircraft returning safely. The Israeli attack involved over 100 aircraft, including F-35 Lightning II stealth fighters, traveling 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) and using heavy munitions. Some of the aircraft breached Iranian airspace. A preceding attack on Syria reportedly targeted radar defenses. An Iranian news agency associated with the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) reported that military installations in western and southwestern Tehran, as well as bases in the Ilam and Khuzestan provinces, were attacked. Four Iranian Army soldiers were reportedly killed. An Israeli official said that following the strikes targeting Iranian air defence and ballistic missile sites, Israel could now operate with greater freedom in Iranian airspace.\n\nThe IDF stated it has completed \"precise and targeted strikes\" in response to \"months of continuous attacks\" from Iran and its proxies, as well as a recent barrage of Iranian missiles on Israel on 1 October. US officials confirmed that the US was briefed in advance but did not participate in the operation. Following the attack Iran imposed military censorship over its damaged sites.\n\nAccording to a U.S. assessment, the strikes crippled Iran's missile production capability, estimating it would take at least a year for Iran to rebuild the destroyed components necessary to resume production. U.S. and Israeli officials said that most of Iran's air defense network, including nearly all of its advanced S-300 systems, were destroyed, paving the way for potential future Israeli strikes.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1368284969,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-08T04:26:46Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_2024_Israeli_strikes_on_Iran","wikidata_qid":"Q130647458","wikidata_classes":["airstrike","armed conflict","bombardment"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q125465957","label":"2024 Iran–Israel conflict"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"october-2024-iranian-strikes-on-israel","title":"October 2024 Iranian strikes on Israel","date_start":"2024-10-01"},{"id":"april-2024-israeli-strikes-on-iran","title":"April 2024 Israeli strikes on Iran","date_start":"2024-04-19"},{"id":"april-2024-iranian-strikes-on-israel","title":"April 2024 Iranian strikes on Israel","date_start":"2024-04-13"},{"id":"israeli-airstrike-on-the-iranian-consulate-in-damascus","title":"Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus","date_start":"2024-04-01"}],"same_time":[{"id":"turkish-aerospace-industries-headquarters-attack","title":"Turkish Aerospace Industries headquarters attack","date_start":"2024-10-23"},{"id":"killing-of-yahya-sinwar","title":"Killing of Yahya Sinwar","date_start":"2024-10-16"},{"id":"2024-hezbollah-headquarters-strike","title":"2024 Hezbollah headquarters strike","date_start":"2024-09-27"},{"id":"2024-israel-lebanon-ceasefire-agreement","title":"2024 Israel–Lebanon ceasefire agreement","date_start":"2024-11-27"},{"id":"2024-syrian-opposition-offensives","title":"2024 Syrian opposition offensives","date_start":"2024-11-27"}]}}}