{"emirate-of-transjordan":{"extract":"The Emirate of Transjordan (Arabic: إمارة شرق الأردن, romanised: Imārat Sharq al-Urdun, lit. 'the emirate east of the Jordan'), officially the Emirate of Trans-Jordan, was an autonomous administrative division (under a League of Nations mandate) established on 11 April 1921, which remained as such until achieving formal independence as the Kingdom of Transjordan in 1946.\n\nAfter the Ottoman defeat in World War I, the Transjordan region was administered within OETA East; after the British withdrawal in 1919, this region gained de facto recognition as part of the Hashemite-ruled Arab Kingdom of Syria, administering an area broadly comprising the areas of the modern countries of Syria and Jordan. Transjordan became a no man's land following the July 1920 Battle of Maysalun, during which period the British in neighbouring Mandatory Palestine chose to avoid \"any definite connection between it and Palestine\". Abdullah entered the region in November 1920, moving to Amman on 2 March 1921; later in the month a conference was held with the British during which it was agreed that Abdullah bin Hussein would administer the territory under the auspices of the British Mandate for Palestine with a fully autonomous governing system.\n\nThe Hashemite dynasty ruled the protectorate, as well as the neighboring Mandatory Iraq and, until 1925, the Kingdom of Hejaz (modern western Saudi Arabia) to the south. On 25 May 1946, the emirate became the \"Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan\", achieving full independence on 17 June 1946 when in accordance with the Treaty of London ratifications were exchanged in Amman.\n\nIn April of 1950, after annexing the West Bank and \"uniting\" both banks of the Jordan river, it was constitutionally renamed the \"Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan\", commonly referred to as Jordan.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1377341920,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-29T00:53:51Z","data_fixes":[{"ref":"F14","anchor":"f14---eleven-seed-dates-the-article-states-to-the-day-day-precision-recorded-date-unchanged"}],"wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emirate_of_Transjordan","wikidata_qid":"Q1121819","wikidata_classes":["League of Nations mandate","British protectorate"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"hand_picked":true,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"Puts Jordan's \"uniting\" of the two banks of the Jordan in scare quotes, signalling scepticism in the article's own voice.","highlights":["\"uniting\""]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"DOUBT","guideline_name":"Expressions of doubt","shortcut":"MOS:DOUBT","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Expressions_of_doubt","phrase":"\"uniting\"","note":"Puts \"uniting\" in scare quotes, casting doubt on Jordan's description of the annexation without saying who doubts it."}],"highlights":["\"uniting\""]},"highlights":[{"text":"\"uniting\"","kind":"fairness"},{"text":"\"uniting\"","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"2005-amman-bombings","title":"2005 Amman bombings","date_start":"2005-11-09","km":1.6,"bearing":238},{"id":"dawson-s-field-hijackings","title":"Dawson's Field hijackings","date_start":"1970-09-06","km":25.7,"bearing":50},{"id":"battle-of-karameh","title":"Battle of Karameh","date_start":"1968-03-21","km":34.7,"bearing":269}],"same_time":[{"id":"jaffa-riots-may-1921","title":"Jaffa riots (May 1921)","date_start":"1921-05-01"},{"id":"kurdish-turkish-conflict","title":"Kurdish–Turkish conflict","date_start":"1921-03-06"},{"id":"1921-persian-coup-d-etat","title":"1921 Persian coup d'état","date_start":"1921-02-21"},{"id":"battle-of-the-sakarya","title":"Battle of the Sakarya","date_start":"1921-08-23"}]}},"14-july-revolution":{"extract":"The 14 July Revolution, also known as the 1958 Iraqi military coup, was a military coup that took place on 14 July 1958 in Iraq, resulting in the toppling of King Faisal II and the overthrow of the Hashemite-led Kingdom of Iraq. The Iraqi Republic established in its wake ended the Hashemite Arab Federation between Iraq and Jordan that had been established just six months earlier.\n\nThe Kingdom of Iraq had been a hotbed of Arab nationalism since the Second World War. Unrest mounted amid economic malaise and widespread disapproval of Western influence, which was exacerbated by the formation of the Baghdad Pact in 1955, as well as Faisal's support of the British-led invasion of Egypt during the Suez Crisis. Prime Minister Nuri al-Said's policies were unpopular, particularly within the military ranks. Opposition groups began to organize in secret, modelling themselves after the Egyptian Free Officers Movement that overthrew the Egyptian monarchy in 1952. Pan-Arabic sentiment in Iraq was further bolstered by the creation of the United Arab Republic in February 1958 under the leadership of Gamal Abdel Nasser, a staunch proponent of anti-imperialist causes.\n\nIn July 1958, units of the Royal Iraqi Army were dispatched to Jordan in support of King Hussein. A group of Iraqi Free Officers, led by Brigadier Abdul-Karim Qasim and Colonel Abdul Salam Arif, took advantage of the opportunity and instead marched on Baghdad. On 14 July, revolutionary forces seized control of the capital and proclaimed a new republic, headed by a Revolutionary Council. King Faisal and Crown Prince Abd al-Ilah were executed at the royal Al-Rehab Palace, bringing an end to the Hashemite dynasty in Iraq. Prime Minister al-Said attempted to flee but was captured and shot a day later. After the coup, Qasim assumed the position of Prime Minister and Minister of Defence, while Arif was named Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of the Interior. A provisional constitution was adopted in late July. By March 1959, the new Iraqi government had withdrawn from the Baghdad Pact and aligned itself with the Soviet Union.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1377224142,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-28T10:56:37Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14_July_Revolution","wikidata_qid":"Q2988530","wikidata_classes":["coup d'état"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"country-fallback:Iraq","text_from_article":null,"hand_picked":true,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q4783165","label":"Arab Cold War","id":"arab-cold-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"1958-lebanon-crisis","title":"1958 Lebanon crisis","date_start":"1958-07-15"},{"id":"1959-mosul-uprising","title":"1959 Mosul uprising","date_start":"1959-03-07"},{"id":"north-yemen-civil-war","title":"North Yemen civil war","date_start":"1962-09-26"},{"id":"1963-syrian-coup-d-etat","title":"1963 Syrian coup d'état","date_start":"1963-03-08"},{"id":"dhofar-rebellion","title":"Dhofar rebellion","date_start":"1963-06-09"}]}},"cinema-rex-fire":{"extract":"The Cinema Rex fire (Persian: آتش‌سوزی سینما رکس آبادان, lit. 'Rex Abadan cinema fire') occurred on 19 August 1978 when the Cinema Rex in Abadan, Iran, was set ablaze, killing between 377 and 470 people. The event started when four individuals, who were militants motivated by Islamic extremism, doused the building with airplane fuel before setting it alight. The attack was responsible in part for triggering the Iranian Revolution of 1979, which saw the overthrow of the ruling dynasty under the Iranian monarch and a related outbreak of mass violence.\n\nThe governing dynasty initially blamed \"Islamic Marxists\" for the fire and later reported that Islamic militants started the fire, while anti-Pahlavi protesters falsely blamed SAVAK, the Iranian secret police, for setting the fire. Even though Islamic extremists were responsible for the attack, the Islamic opposition benefited greatly from the disaster in terms of propaganda because of the general atmosphere of mistrust and wrath. Many Iranians accepted the disinformation, which fueled growing anti-Shah fervor.\n\nAccording to Roy Mottahedeh, an American historian who authored The Mantle of the Prophet, \"thousands of Iranians who had felt neutral and had until now thought that the struggle was only between the shah and supporters of religiously conservative mullahs felt that the government might put their own lives on the block to save itself. Suddenly, for hundreds of thousands, the movement was their own business.\"","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1381484534,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-22T20:50:09Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinema_Rex_fire","wikidata_qid":"Q123170","wikidata_classes":["arson","massacre"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"LABEL","guideline_name":"Contentious labels","shortcut":"MOS:LABEL","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Contentious_labels","phrase":"militants motivated by Islamic extremism","note":"Uses \"extremism\" for the arsonists' motive in Wikipedia's own voice, without saying who uses the label."},{"guideline":"LABEL","guideline_name":"Contentious labels","shortcut":"MOS:LABEL","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Contentious_labels","phrase":"Islamic extremists were responsible","note":"Uses \"extremists\" for the arsonists in Wikipedia's own voice, without saying who uses the label."}],"highlights":["militants motivated by Islamic extremism","Islamic extremists were responsible"]},"highlights":[{"text":"militants motivated by Islamic extremism","kind":"wording"},{"text":"Islamic extremists were responsible","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q126065","label":"Iranian Revolution","id":"iranian-revolution"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"black-friday-1978","title":"Black Friday (1978)","date_start":"1978-09-08"}],"nearby":[{"id":"siege-of-abadan","title":"Siege of Abadan","date_start":"1980-11-06","km":0.2,"bearing":171},{"id":"battle-of-khorramshahr-1980","title":"Battle of Khorramshahr (1980)","date_start":"1980-09-22","km":14.9,"bearing":318},{"id":"battle-of-khorramshahr-1982","title":"Battle of Khorramshahr (1982)","date_start":"1982-04-24","km":14.9,"bearing":318},{"id":"battle-of-basra-1914","title":"Battle of Basra (1914)","date_start":"1914-11-11","km":27.1,"bearing":290},{"id":"battle-of-al-faw-2003","title":"Battle of Al Faw (2003)","date_start":"2003-03-20","km":43.9,"bearing":155}],"same_time":[{"id":"camp-david-accords","title":"Camp David Accords","date_start":"1978-09-17"},{"id":"coastal-road-massacre","title":"Coastal road massacre","date_start":"1978-03-11"}]}},"siege-of-the-church-of-the-nativity":{"extract":"From 2 April to 10 May 2002, the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem in the West Bank was besieged by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), targeting suspected Palestinian militants who had taken shelter in the church.\n\nAs part of Operation Defensive Shield, the IDF occupied Bethlehem and attempted to capture suspected Palestinian militants. Dozens of them fled into the Church of the Nativity and sought refuge. IDF surrounded the site and besieged the suspected militants and non-militants at the site, which included approximately 200 monks resident in the church and other Palestinians who had arrived at the site for other reasons. The Franciscan Order maintained no hostages were held, while Israeli sources claimed the monks and others were being held hostage by gunmen.\n\nAfter 39 days, an agreement was reached, according to which the militants turned themselves in to Israel and were exiled to Europe and the Gaza Strip.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370746667,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-22T21:51:10Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_the_Church_of_the_Nativity","wikidata_qid":"Q508006","wikidata_classes":["siege"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"SAID","guideline_name":"Synonyms for \"said\"","shortcut":"MOS:SAID","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Synonyms_for_said","phrase":"Israeli sources claimed","note":"The Franciscan Order \"maintained\" there were no hostages, while \"Israeli sources claimed\" there were."}],"highlights":["Israeli sources claimed"]},"highlights":[{"text":"Israeli sources claimed","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q2276724","label":"Operation Defensive Shield","id":"operation-defensive-shield"},{"qid":"Q49106","label":"Second Intifada","id":"second-intifada"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"passover-massacre","title":"Passover massacre","date_start":"2002-03-27"},{"id":"battle-of-jenin-2002","title":"Battle of Jenin (2002)","date_start":"2002-01-01"},{"id":"sbarro-restaurant-suicide-bombing","title":"Sbarro restaurant suicide bombing","date_start":"2001-08-09"},{"id":"dolphinarium-discotheque-bombing","title":"Dolphinarium discotheque bombing","date_start":"2001-06-01"},{"id":"maxim-restaurant-suicide-bombing","title":"Maxim restaurant suicide bombing","date_start":"2003-10-04"}],"nearby":[{"id":"2017-jerusalem-truck-attack","title":"2017 Jerusalem truck attack","date_start":"2017-01-08","km":6,"bearing":22},{"id":"semiramis-hotel-bombing","title":"Semiramis Hotel bombing","date_start":"1948-01-05","km":6.4,"bearing":0},{"id":"king-david-hotel-bombing","title":"King David Hotel bombing","date_start":"1946-07-22","km":7.9,"bearing":10},{"id":"battle-of-jerusalem-1917","title":"Battle of Jerusalem","date_start":"1917-11-17","km":8.2,"bearing":13},{"id":"2022-al-aqsa-clashes","title":"2022 Al-Aqsa clashes","date_start":"2022-04-15","km":8.4,"bearing":18}]}},"2026-minab-school-attack":{"extract":"On 28 February 2026, the first day of the 2026 Iran war, the United States (US) Armed Forces struck the Shajareh Tayyebeh Elementary School in Minab, Hormozgan province in southern Iran with a Tomahawk missile, before following up with others in close proximity, directly killing 156 civilians, including 120 schoolchildren, 35 adults, and a fetus. As of 22 September 2026, the attack was the deadliest strike in terms of civilian casualties in the ongoing war; it was also the deadliest US attack on civilians in the 21st century, being the deadliest since the Amiriyah shelter bombing in 1991.\n\nIndependent investigations, satellite-based analyses, and witness accounts concluded that the school was hit by a US military strike. Those which concluded the US' responsibility in the attack include the United Nations (UN), Amnesty International, Forensic Architecture (FA) and Sky News, Bellingcat, The New York Times (NYT), the Associated Press (AP), and others. Sources involved with the US military's internal investigation corroborated that the strike was perpetrated by the US—being aware within hours of the strike—despite the probe not being concluded.\n\nThe attack was condemned by the Iranian government, the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the UN Secretary-General (UNSG), some of the US Congress, and other international human rights organizations and activists as a violation of international humanitarian law (IHL). A UN fact-finding mission concluded that there was reasonable grounds to believe the US committed war crimes. US congresspersons and international media outlets condemned the use of AI warfare against Iran, including the Department of Defense's (DoD) Project Maven—a target tagging system integrating elements of Palantir's Maven Smart System and Anthropic's Claude large language model.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1381475246,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-22T19:33:22Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Minab_school_attack","wikidata_qid":"Q138505873","wikidata_classes":["airstrike","massacre","war crime"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":"This summary mentions Anthropic's Claude as part of a US military targeting system. This review was also produced by Claude, so the reviewer has a connection to the subject of this entry.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q138503695","label":"2026 Iran War","id":"2026-iran-war"},{"qid":"Q138631864","label":"attacks on Iranian schools during the 2026 war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"assassination-of-ali-khamenei","title":"Assassination of Ali Khamenei","date_start":"2026-02-28"},{"id":"united-arab-emirates-in-the-2026-iran-war","title":"United Arab Emirates in the 2026 Iran war","date_start":"2026-02-28"},{"id":"2026-lebanon-war","title":"2026 Lebanon war","date_start":"2026-03-02"},{"id":"sinking-of-iris-dena","title":"Sinking of IRIS Dena","date_start":"2026-03-04"}],"same_time":[{"id":"2026-iranian-supreme-leader-election","title":"2026 Iranian supreme leader election","date_start":"2026-03-08"},{"id":"assassination-of-ali-larijani","title":"Assassination of Ali Larijani","date_start":"2026-03-17"},{"id":"2026-northeastern-syria-offensive","title":"2026 northeastern Syria offensive","date_start":"2026-01-13"},{"id":"2026-onikisubat-school-shooting","title":"2026 Onikişubat school shooting","date_start":"2026-04-15"},{"id":"prelude-to-the-2026-iran-war","title":"Prelude to the 2026 Iran war","date_start":"2026-01-13"}]}},"1948-arab-israeli-war":{"extract":"The 1948 Arab–Israeli War (15 May 1948 – 10 March 1949), also known as the First Arab–Israeli War, followed the civil war in Mandatory Palestine (29 November 1947 – 14 May 1948) as the second and final stage of the 1948 Palestine war. The civil war became a war of separate states with the Israeli Declaration of Independence on 14 May 1948, the end of the British Mandate for Palestine at midnight, and the entry of a military coalition of Arab states into the territory of Mandatory Palestine the following morning. The war formally ended with the 1949 Armistice Agreements which established the Green Line.\n\nSince the 1917 Balfour Declaration and the 1920 creation of the British Mandate of Palestine, and in the context of Zionism and the mass migration of European Jews to Palestine, there had been tension and conflict between Arabs, Jews, and the British in Palestine. On 29 November 1947, the United Nations General Assembly voted in favor of the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine, proposing to divide the territory into an Arab state, a Jewish state, and an internationally\n\nadministered corpus separatum for the cities of Jerusalem and Bethlehem. The land allocated to the\n\nArab State included about 43% of Mandatory Palestine. The land allocated to the Jewish State,\n\nwho constituted a third of the population, was 56% of Mandatory Palestine. While Jewish leaders\n\nin Palestine supported the plan, leaders of the Palestinian Arab community and in the broader\n\nArab world did not. The following day, the conflict escalated into a civil war with attacks by Palestinian militias and mobs on Jewish areas. As the two communities battled, the British withdrew.\n\nIn April 1948, Zionist forces launched an offensive codenamed Plan Dalet, during which they conquered and depopulated cities, villages, and territories in Mandatory Palestine in preparation for the establishment of a Jewish state. Just before the expiration of the British Mandate for Palestine, Zionist leaders announced the Israeli Declaration of Independence on 14 May 1948. The following morning, Egypt, Transjordan, Syria, and expeditionary forces from Iraq launched an invasion into Palestine, taking control of the Arab areas and attacking Israeli forces and settlements. The 10 months of fighting took place mostly on the territory of the British Mandate and in the Sinai Peninsula and southern Lebanon, interrupted by several truce periods.\n\nBy the end of the war, the State of Israel controlled about 78% of the former territory of Mandatory Palestine: all of the area that the UN had proposed for a Jewish state, as well as almost 60% of the area proposed for an Arab state, including Jaffa, Lydda and Ramla (Ramle) area, Upper Galilee, some parts of the Negev, the west coast as far as Gaza City, and a wide strip along the Tel Aviv–Jerusalem road. Israel also took control of West Jerusalem, which was meant to be part of an international zone for Jerusalem and its environs. Transjordan took control of East Jerusalem and what became known as the West Bank, annexing it the following year. The territory known today as the Gaza Strip was occupied by Egypt.\n\nExpulsions of Palestinians, which had begun during the civil war, continued during the Arab-Israeli war. Hundreds of Palestinians were killed in multiple massacres, such as occurred in the expulsions from Lydda and Ramla. These events are known today as the Nakba (Arabic for \"the catastrophe\") and were the beginning of the Palestinian refugee problem. A similar number of Jews migrated, fled, or were expelled from Arab states in the three years following the war, 260,000 of whom went to Israel.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1375001749,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-15T08:25:32Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1948_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_War","wikidata_qid":"Q49092","wikidata_classes":["war"],"date_flags":["date_source_adjusted: Wikidata P585 1940-00-00 is only decade-or-coarser precision; used P580 start time 1948-05-15"],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q49097","label":"1948 Palestine war","id":"1948-palestine-war"}],"includes":[{"id":"operation-dani","title":"Operation Dani","date_start":"1948-01-01"},{"id":"battles-of-latrun-1948","title":"Battles of Latrun (1948)","date_start":"1948-05-24"},{"id":"operation-pleshet","title":"Operation Pleshet","date_start":"1948-05-29"},{"id":"operation-yoav","title":"Operation Yoav","date_start":"1948-10-15"},{"id":"operation-hiram","title":"Operation Hiram","date_start":"1948-10-29"},{"id":"operation-horev","title":"Operation Horev","date_start":"1948-12-22"},{"id":"operation-uvda","title":"Operation Uvda","date_start":"1949-03-05"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"1948-palestinian-expulsion-and-flight","title":"1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight","date_start":"1948-01-01"},{"id":"battle-for-jerusalem","title":"Battle for Jerusalem","date_start":"1947-12-01"}]}},"palestinian-insurgency-in-south-lebanon":{"extract":"The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) led an insurgency against Israel in 1968 and against Lebanese Christian militias in the mid-1970s. PLO's goals evolved during the insurgency; by 1977, its goal was to pressure Israel into allowing a Palestinian state in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. In 1982, Israel invaded Lebanon and expelled the PLO, thereby ending the insurgency.\n\nDuring the 1948 Palestine war, about 100,000 Palestinians fled or were expelled by Israel into Lebanon; it is from these Palestinian refugee camps that most insurgents were recruited. In 1968, PLO guerrillas began conducting raids into Israel, and Israel conducted retaliatory raids into Lebanon. At the time, PLO's objective was to establish a single democratic state in all of historical Palestine with equal rights for Jews, Muslims and Christians. By 1977, the objective had evolved to establishing a Palestinian state in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, alongside Israel. The Lebanese army was too weak to prevent the PLO from using Lebanese soil as a base for the insurgency, and eventually the PLO succeeded in creating a state within a state in southern Lebanon known as Fatahland. Within this state, the PLO and allied Leftist groups established a dictatorship and oppressed the local population, leading the flight of over 300,000 Shia muslims alone and armed resistance by the Lebanese population.\n\nThe insurgency continued during the 1970s, and served as a major catalyst for the outbreak of the Lebanese Civil War in 1975. Fighting between the Palestinians and the Christian militias lasted until the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982, which led to the expulsion of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) from Lebanese territory. While the PLO relocated to Tunisia in the aftermath of Israel's invasion, other Palestinian militant factions, such as the Syria-based PFLP–GC, continued to carry out low-level operations from Syrian-occupied Lebanon. After 1982, the insurgency is considered to have faded in light of the inter-Lebanese Mountain War and the Israel–Hezbollah conflict, the latter of which took place for the duration of the Israeli occupation of South Lebanon.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-10","wikipedia_revid":1378902696,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-06T20:48:54Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_insurgency_in_South_Lebanon","wikidata_qid":"Q7127419","wikidata_classes":["insurgency","rebellion"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"year","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"Presents the PLO's stated goal in positive terms and never mentions its attacks on Israeli civilians during the insurgency. It also states in its own voice that the PLO \"established a dictatorship and oppressed the local population\", causing the flight of over 300,000 Shia, without saying who holds that view.","highlights":["established a dictatorship and oppressed the local population","leading the flight of over 300,000 Shia muslims alone"]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[{"text":"established a dictatorship and oppressed the local population","kind":"fairness"},{"text":"leading the flight of over 300,000 Shia muslims alone","kind":"fairness"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q151622","label":"Israeli–Palestinian conflict"},{"qid":"Q2342867","label":"Palestinian political violence"}],"includes":[{"id":"1968-israeli-raid-on-beirut-airport","title":"1968 Israeli raid on Beirut Airport","date_start":"1968-12-28"},{"id":"avivim-school-bus-bombing","title":"Avivim school bus bombing","date_start":"1970-05-22"},{"id":"ma-alot-massacre","title":"Ma'alot massacre","date_start":"1974-05-15"},{"id":"coastal-road-massacre","title":"Coastal road massacre","date_start":"1978-03-11"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"1978-south-lebanon-conflict","title":"1978 South Lebanon conflict","date_start":"1978-01-01"},{"id":"gaza-israel-conflict","title":"Gaza–Israel conflict","date_start":"1948-05-15"},{"id":"first-intifada","title":"First Intifada","date_start":"1987-12-08"},{"id":"cave-of-the-patriarchs-massacre","title":"Cave of the Patriarchs massacre","date_start":"1994-02-25"},{"id":"second-intifada","title":"Second Intifada","date_start":"2000-09-28"}]}},"operation-prime-chance":{"extract":"Operation Prime Chance (August 1987 – June 1989) was a United States Special Operations Command operation intended to protect U.S.-flagged oil tankers from Iranian attack during the Iran–Iraq War. The operation took place roughly at the same time as Operation Earnest Will (July 1987 – September 1988), the largely naval effort to escort the tankers through the Persian Gulf. The operation was begun after the mining of the U.S.-flagged Kuwaiti oil tanker Bridgeton.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1379311773,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-09T04:26:10Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Prime_Chance","wikidata_qid":"Q1118003","wikidata_classes":["military operation"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"month","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q82664","label":"Iran–Iraq War","id":"iran-iraq-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"operation-earnest-will","title":"Operation Earnest Will","date_start":"1987-07-24"},{"id":"siege-of-basra","title":"Siege of Basra","date_start":"1987-02-26"},{"id":"operation-praying-mantis","title":"Operation Praying Mantis","date_start":"1988-04-18"},{"id":"operation-mersad","title":"Operation Mersad","date_start":"1988-07-26"},{"id":"first-battle-of-al-faw","title":"First Battle of al-Faw","date_start":"1986-02-11"}]}},"operation-southern-watch":{"extract":"Operation Southern Watch was an air-centric military operation conducted by the United States Department of Defense from August 1992 to March 2003.\n\nUnited States Central Command's Joint Task Force Southwest Asia (JTF-SWA) had the mission of monitoring and controlling the airspace south of the 32nd Parallel (extended to the 33rd Parallel in 1996) in southern and south-central Iraq during the period following the end of the 1991 Persian Gulf War until the 2003 invasion of Iraq.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1375515456,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-18T07:14:27Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Southern_Watch","wikidata_qid":"Q2026406","wikidata_classes":["military operation"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q899657","label":"Iraqi no-fly zones conflict"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"operation-provide-comfort","title":"Operation Provide Comfort","date_start":"1991-03-01"},{"id":"1996-cruise-missile-strikes-on-iraq","title":"1996 cruise missile strikes on Iraq","date_start":"1996-01-01"},{"id":"1998-bombing-of-iraq","title":"1998 bombing of Iraq","date_start":"1998-01-01"}],"same_time":[{"id":"1992-israeli-legislative-election","title":"1992 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"1992-06-23"}]}},"mahshahr-massacre":{"extract":"The Mahshahr massacre (Persian: قتل‌عام ماهشهر) refers to the mass killing of protesters in the city of Mahshahr, Iran, which occurred between 16 November and 20 November 2019, during the 2019–2020 Iranian protests. Estimates of fatalities range between 40 and 148.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1379154404,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-08T06:57:12Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahshahr_massacre","wikidata_qid":"Q77513637","wikidata_classes":["massacre"],"date_flags":["date_source_adjusted: Wikidata P585 2019-11-20 equals the item's end time (P582); used P580 start time 2019-11-16"],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q75161062","label":"2019–2020 Iranian protests","id":"2019-2020-iranian-protests"}]},"1984-israeli-legislative-election":{"extract":"Legislative elections were held in Israel on 23 July 1984 to elect the eleventh Knesset. Voter turnout was 78.8%. The results saw the Alignment return to being the largest party in the Knesset, a status it had lost in 1977. However, the party could not form a government with any of the smaller parties, resulting in a grand coalition government with Likud, with both party leaders, Shimon Peres and Yitzhak Shamir, holding the post of Prime Minister for two years each.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1378614291,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-05T06:22:21Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Israeli_legislative_election","wikidata_qid":"Q2917025","wikidata_classes":["Israeli legislative election","public election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"operation-moses","title":"Operation Moses","date_start":"1984-11-21"}]}},"2024-turkish-local-elections":{"extract":"Local elections in Turkey took place throughout the country's 81 provinces on 31 March 2024. A total of 30 metropolitan and 1,363 district municipal mayors, alongside 1,282 provincial and 21,001 municipal councilors were elected, in addition to numerous local non-partisan positions such as neighborhood representatives (muhtars) and elderly people's councils.\n\nThe elections took place ten months after the 2023 parliamentary and presidential elections, where the Nation Alliance opposition coalition suffered an unexpected defeat to President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan's governing People's Alliance. This was despite an ongoing economic crisis and rapidly rising inflation. Following the defeat, the opposition six-party coalition dissolved, with the main opposition parties Republican People's Party (CHP) and Good Party (İYİ) fielding separate candidates for effectively all mayoral positions. This was the first nationwide election to be contested by the CHP's new leader Özgür Özel, who had successfully challenged his predecessor Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu for the position in November 2023.\n\nThe Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party (DEM), which succeeded the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) as Turkey's principal Kurdish minority rights party, fielded its own candidates in many western metropoles, despite having previously withdrawn candidates in favor of the Nation Alliance.\n\nThe results were described as a \"spectacular upset\" victory for the opposition CHP, which despite the lack of any electoral pacts managed to retain all but one of its metropolitan mayoralties, while winning four more. In particular, the party's candidates in Turkey's largest city Istanbul and capital Ankara, Ekrem İmamoğlu and Mansur Yavaş, were re-elected by 51% and 60%, respectively. Both mayors also won majorities in their respective metropolitan councils, giving them significantly more powers than their previous terms, and are now seen as potential presidential contenders for the next Turkish presidential election. The CHP also won many unexpected victories in areas that had been under government control for the previous two decades, including Bursa, Balıkesir, Manisa, Kütahya, Adıyaman, Amasya, Kırıkkale, Kilis and Denizli. The party also managed to win swathes of districts within many provinces, many of which delivered vote swings of over 30% in the CHP's favor. Overall, the CHP won 35 of Turkey's 81 provincial capitals, with the People's Alliance winning 32.\n\nThis was the first nationwide election since 1977 where the CHP came first in the popular vote, and the first election where the AK Party did not come first since its foundation in 2001. Nevertheless, the AK Party retained a narrow plurality in the number of district mayoralties won, and the People's Alliance scored small but notable victories against the CHP in Hatay and Kırklareli. The leader of the opposition Good Party (İYİ), Meral Akşener, announced her pending resignation after her party almost halved its share of the popular vote.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1341742995,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-03-04T20:24:10Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Turkish_local_elections","wikidata_qid":"Q113648279","wikidata_classes":["local election","municipal election","public election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"israeli-airstrike-on-the-iranian-consulate-in-damascus","title":"Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus","date_start":"2024-04-01"},{"id":"world-central-kitchen-aid-convoy-attack","title":"World Central Kitchen aid convoy attack","date_start":"2024-04-01"},{"id":"april-2024-iranian-strikes-on-israel","title":"April 2024 Iranian strikes on Israel","date_start":"2024-04-13"},{"id":"april-2024-israeli-strikes-on-iran","title":"April 2024 Israeli strikes on Iran","date_start":"2024-04-19"},{"id":"flour-massacre","title":"Flour Massacre","date_start":"2024-02-29"}]}},"2025-syrian-parliamentary-election":{"extract":"Parliamentary elections were initially held in Syria on 5 October 2025, with subsequent by-elections being held on 23 October 2025, 17 March 2026, and on 24 May 2026 to elect 140 of the 210 members of the People's Assembly, the unicameral legislature of Syria. The election was the first to be held since the fall of the Ba'athist-led regime in December 2024, and the first to be conducted under the Syrian transitional government led by President Ahmed al-Sharaa.\n\nThe election was held over multiple nonconsecutive days, with 119 MPs elected on 5 October 2025, and 18 MPs being elected in subsequent elections. As of July 2026, the 3 seats in Suwayda Governorate are currently vacant due to conflicts between government forces and the Druze-led Administrative Council of Jabal Bashan, in which the council controls most of Suwayda Governorate, and the government controls parts of the northern half of the governorate.\n\nUnlike previous elections in Syria, the 2025 elections and subsequent 2026 elections were held under a provisional, indirect electoral system. Of the 210 seats, 140 seats were allocated to be filled through a constituency-based electoral college system. Members were selected by local committees appointed by the government. The remaining 70 seats within the People's Assembly were appointed directly by the president, with no seats being elected by direct popular vote.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1379178139,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-08T11:00:44Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_Syrian_parliamentary_election","wikidata_qid":"Q135265257","wikidata_classes":["public election","legislative election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"gaza-peace-summit","title":"Gaza peace summit","date_start":"2025-10-13"},{"id":"israeli-attack-on-doha","title":"Israeli attack on Doha","date_start":"2025-09-09"},{"id":"2025-iraqi-parliamentary-election","title":"2025 Iraqi parliamentary election","date_start":"2025-11-11"},{"id":"august-2025-israeli-attack-on-sanaa","title":"August 2025 Israeli attack on Sanaa","date_start":"2025-08-28"},{"id":"2025-nasser-hospital-strikes","title":"2025 Nasser Hospital strikes","date_start":"2025-08-25"}]}},"attack-on-the-united-states-embassy-in-baghdad":{"extract":"On 29 December 2019, the United States conducted airstrikes against Kata'ib Hezbollah's weapons depots and command centers in Iraq and Syria, reportedly killing at least 25 militiamen and wounding 55 more. The U.S. Department of Defense said the operation was in retaliation for repeated attacks on Iraqi military bases hosting Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR) coalition forces, particularly the 27 December 2019 attack on a Kirkuk airbase that left an American civilian contractor dead. Kata'ib Hezbollah, an extremist Shi'ite militia funded by Iran, denied any responsibility for the attacks.\n\nThe unilateral U.S. airstrikes were condemned by the Iraqi government, Iraqi Armed Forces personnel, and Iran, and culminated in the U.S. embassy in Baghdad being attacked by Iraqi militiamen and their supporters on 31 December 2019. This in turn led to a U.S. airstrike near Baghdad International Airport on 3 January 2020, killing Iranian general Qasem Soleimani and Kata'ib Hezbollah commander Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1368865024,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-11T14:20:59Z","data_fixes":[{"ref":"F11","anchor":"f11---pins-that-were-another-items-location-owners-rule-an-event-is-pinned-only-at-its-own-location"}],"wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_2019_United_States_airstrikes_in_Iraq_and_Syria","wikidata_qid":"Q80438042","wikidata_classes":["demonstration","arson","vandalism"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":"December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria","date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"LABEL","guideline_name":"Contentious labels","shortcut":"MOS:LABEL","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Contentious_labels","phrase":"an extremist Shi'ite militia","note":"Uses \"extremist\" for Kata'ib Hezbollah in Wikipedia's own voice, without saying who uses the label."}],"highlights":["an extremist Shi'ite militia"]},"highlights":[{"text":"an extremist Shi'ite militia","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q65920364","label":"Persian Gulf crisis (2019–2020)"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"assassination-of-qasem-soleimani","title":"Assassination of Qasem Soleimani","date_start":"2020-01-03"},{"id":"operation-martyr-soleimani","title":"Operation Martyr Soleimani","date_start":"2020-01-08"},{"id":"ukraine-international-airlines-flight-752","title":"Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752","date_start":"2020-01-08"},{"id":"abqaiq-khurais-attack","title":"Abqaiq–Khurais attack","date_start":"2019-09-14"},{"id":"december-2019-united-states-airstrikes-in-iraq-and-syria","title":"December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria","date_start":"2019-01-01"}],"nearby":[{"id":"2016-karrada-bombing","title":"2016 Karrada bombing","date_start":"2016-07-03","km":2.3,"bearing":97},{"id":"battle-of-baghdad-2003","title":"Battle of Baghdad (2003)","date_start":"2003-01-01","km":2.9,"bearing":53},{"id":"2010-baghdad-church-siege","title":"2010 Baghdad church siege","date_start":"2010-10-31","km":2.9,"bearing":72},{"id":"nisour-square-massacre","title":"Nisour Square massacre","date_start":"2007-09-16","km":3.7,"bearing":276},{"id":"january-2021-baghdad-bombings","title":"January 2021 Baghdad bombings","date_start":"2021-01-21","km":3.9,"bearing":23}],"same_time":[{"id":"northwestern-syria-offensive-2019-2020","title":"Northwestern Syria offensive (2019–2020)","date_start":"2019-12-19"},{"id":"2019-2020-iranian-protests","title":"2019–2020 Iranian protests","date_start":"2019-11-15"},{"id":"operation-spring-shield","title":"Operation Spring Shield","date_start":"2020-02-27"},{"id":"united-states-taliban-deal","title":"United States–Taliban deal","date_start":"2020-02-29"},{"id":"2020-israeli-legislative-election","title":"2020 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"2020-03-02"}]}}}