{"operation-brevity":{"extract":"Operation Brevity was an attack in mid-May 1941, during the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War. Conceived by the commander-in-chief of the British Middle East Command, General Archibald Wavell, Brevity was intended to be a rapid blow against weak Axis front-line forces in the Sollum–Capuzzo–Bardia area of the border between Egypt and Libya. Although the operation got off to a promising start, throwing the Axis high command into confusion, most of its early gains were lost to local counter-attacks. With German reinforcements being rushed to the front, the operation was called off after one day.\n\nEgypt had been invaded by Libyan-based Italian forces in September 1940, but by February of the following year a British counter-offensive had advanced well into Libya, destroying the Italian 10th Army in the process. British attention then shifted to Greece, which was under the threat of Axis invasion. While Allied divisions were being diverted from North Africa, the Italians reinforced their positions and were supported by the arrival of the German Afrika Korps under Generalleutnant Erwin Rommel. Rapidly taking the offensive against his distracted and over-stretched opponent, by April 1941 Rommel had driven the British and Commonwealth forces in Cyrenaica back across the Egyptian border. Although the battlefront now lay in the border area, the port city of Tobruk—100 mi (160 km) inside Libya—had resisted the Axis advance, and its substantial Australian and British garrison constituted a significant threat to Rommel's lengthy supply chain. He committed his main strength to besieging the city, leaving the front line only thinly held.\n\nWavell defined the objectives of Brevity to be the acquisition of territory from which to launch another offensive toward Tobruk and the depletion of German and Italian forces in the region. With few battle-ready units to draw on, in the wake of Rommel's recent successes, on 15 May Brigadier William Gott attacked in three columns with a mixed infantry and armoured force. The strategically important Halfaya Pass was taken against stiff Italian opposition and Fort Capuzzo, deeper inside Libya, was captured. German counter-attacks commanded by Colonel Maximilian von Herff regained the fort during the afternoon causing many casualties to its defenders. Gott—concerned that his forces were in danger of being caught by German armour in open ground—conducted a staged withdrawal to the Halfaya Pass on 16 May and Brevity was ended. Eleven days later the Halfaya Pass was recaptured by Axis forces in Operation Skorpion.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370631131,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-22T05:01:39Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Brevity","wikidata_qid":"Q764714","wikidata_classes":["military operation"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q625798","label":"Western Desert campaign","id":"western-desert-campaign"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"operation-skorpion","title":"Operation Skorpion","date_start":"1941-05-27"},{"id":"italian-invasion-of-egypt","title":"Italian invasion of Egypt","date_start":"1940-09-09"},{"id":"battle-of-mersa-matruh","title":"Battle of Mersa Matruh","date_start":"1942-06-29"},{"id":"first-battle-of-el-alamein","title":"First Battle of El Alamein","date_start":"1942-07-01"},{"id":"battle-of-alam-el-halfa","title":"Battle of Alam el Halfa","date_start":"1942-08-30"}],"same_time":[{"id":"anglo-iraqi-war","title":"Anglo-Iraqi War","date_start":"1941-05-02"},{"id":"syria-lebanon-campaign","title":"Syria–Lebanon campaign","date_start":"1941-06-08"},{"id":"battle-of-palmyra-1941","title":"Battle of Palmyra (1941)","date_start":"1941-07-01"},{"id":"anglo-soviet-invasion-of-iran","title":"Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran","date_start":"1941-08-25"},{"id":"operation-compass","title":"Operation Compass","date_start":"1940-12-09"}]}},"siege-of-beirut":{"extract":"During the 1982 Lebanon War, the city of Beirut was besieged by Israel following the breakdown of the ceasefire that had been imposed by the United Nations amidst the Lebanese Civil War. Beginning in mid-June, the two-month-long siege resulted in thousands of civilian deaths and the expulsion of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) from Beirut and the rest of Lebanon.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370739371,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-22T21:06:33Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Beirut","wikidata_qid":"Q2617818","wikidata_classes":["siege"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q49103","label":"1982 Lebanon War","id":"1982-lebanon-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"operation-mole-cricket-19","title":"Operation Mole Cricket 19","date_start":"1982-06-09"}],"nearby":[{"id":"battle-of-beirut-1912","title":"Battle of Beirut (1912)","date_start":"1912-02-24","km":1.2,"bearing":105},{"id":"assassination-of-rafic-hariri","title":"Assassination of Rafic Hariri","date_start":"2005-02-14","km":1.5,"bearing":338},{"id":"1983-us-embassy-bombing-in-beirut","title":"1983 US embassy bombing in Beirut","date_start":"1983-04-18","km":1.9,"bearing":313},{"id":"2020-beirut-explosion","title":"2020 Beirut explosion","date_start":"2020-08-04","km":2.2,"bearing":53},{"id":"2021-beirut-clashes","title":"2021 Beirut clashes","date_start":"2021-10-14","km":2.5,"bearing":149}],"same_time":[{"id":"operation-beit-ol-moqaddas","title":"Operation Beit ol-Moqaddas","date_start":"1982-05-24"},{"id":"dujail-massacre","title":"Dujail massacre","date_start":"1982-07-08"},{"id":"battle-of-khorramshahr-1982","title":"Battle of Khorramshahr (1982)","date_start":"1982-04-24"},{"id":"ankara-esenboga-airport-attack","title":"Ankara Esenboğa Airport attack","date_start":"1982-08-07"},{"id":"operation-fath-ol-mobin","title":"Operation Fath ol-Mobin","date_start":"1982-03-22"}]}},"attempted-assassination-of-abdul-hamid-ii":{"extract":"An assassination attempt, also known as Operation Nejuik or the Yıldız attack, was carried out on 21 July 1905 by the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF) and anarchist militants against Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II. The attack was perceived as an act of retribution against the main instigator of the Hamidian massacres (1894–1896), which caused the deaths of 100,000 to 300,000 Armenians. The increasingly unstable situation of the Ottoman Empire, particularly for ethnic and religious minorities who were discriminated against and persecuted, drove them to radicalize progressively. This trend was further facilitated by the introduction of socialism and anarchism into the Ottoman cultural sphere. After a gradual progression in their radicalization, the ARF members decided to assassinate the Sultan, entrusting the organization of the project to their founder and principal theorist, Christapor Mikaelian.\n\nAssisted by Sophie Areshian, Martiros Margarian, Ardaches Seremdjian, Garabed Yeghiguian, the Belgian anarchist couple Anna Nellens-Edward Joris, and the German revolutionary Marie Seitz, Christapor Mikaelian orchestrated the attempt. However, he died while preparing explosives for the project in Bulgaria, which caused significant conflicts within the group and led to a change in strategy. The new approach was deadlier and less certain to kill their target but ensured the safety of the revolutionaries.\n\nThe attack was carried out on 21 July 1905 in front of the Yıldız Mosque. The group brought a cart loaded with melinite to the mosque, with Areshian setting the bomb's timer to explode as the Sultan exited. The attempt failed; it killed 26 people and injured 58 others, but Abdul Hamid II was unscathed.\n\nAfter the attack, Edward Joris was arrested and sentenced to death, sparking a significant protest movement in Western Europe that ultimately led to his release. The ARF emerged from the attempt with the loss of Mikaelian and a major failure. Many questions remain about the operation.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1379208087,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-08T15:44:32Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Abdul_Hamid_II","wikidata_qid":"Q3845560","wikidata_classes":["attempted murder","terrorist attack"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"Opens with the attackers' grievance (the Hamidian massacres) as the motive before describing the bombing that killed 26; factual, but sympathetic in emphasis.","highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false}},"battle-for-jerusalem":{"extract":"The Battle for Jerusalem took place during the 1947–1948 civil war phase of the 1947–1949 Palestine war. It saw Jewish and Arab militias in Mandatory Palestine, and later the militaries of Israel and Transjordan, fight for control over the city of Jerusalem. Under the 1947 United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine, Jerusalem was to be a corpus separatum (lit. 'separated body') administered by an international body. Fighting nevertheless immediately broke out in the city between Jewish and Arab militias, with bombings and other attacks being carried out by both sides.\n\nBeginning in February 1948, Arab militias under Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni blockaded the corridor from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem, preventing food and essential supplies from reaching the Jewish population. This blockade was broken in mid-April of that year by Jewish militias who carried out Operation Nachshon and Operation Maccabi, both part of the Zionist offensive known as Plan Dalet. On 14 May and the following days, the Etzioni and Harel brigades, supported by Irgun troops, launched several operations that aimed to take over the Arab side of the city. In the meantime, the Arab Legion had deployed in the area of the former British Mandate that was allotted to the Arab state, not entering the corpus separatum but massively garrisoning Latrun to blockade West Jerusalem once again.\n\nIsraeli victories against the Arab militias in the city pushed Abdullah I of Jordan to order the Arab Legion to intervene. Jordanian forces deployed in East Jerusalem, fought the Israelis and took the Jewish Quarter of the Old City, following which the population was expelled and fighters taken as prisoners of war to Jordan. Israeli forces launched three assaults on Latrun to free the road to the city but without success; they then built an alternative road to Jerusalem before the truce imposed by the United Nations on 11 June and successfully broke the blockade. During the period known as the First Truce, West Jerusalem was supplied with food, ammunition, weapons and troops. Fighting did not resume during the remaining months of the 1948 war. Jerusalem was split between Israel and Jordan after the war, with Israel controlling West Jerusalem and Jordan controlling East Jerusalem along with the Old City.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1374854522,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-14T12:53:06Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_for_Jerusalem","wikidata_qid":"Q2916279","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"month","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q49097","label":"1948 Palestine war","id":"1948-palestine-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"1948-palestinian-expulsion-and-flight","title":"1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight","date_start":"1948-01-01"},{"id":"1948-arab-israeli-war","title":"1948 Arab–Israeli War","date_start":"1948-05-15"}]}},"black-friday-1978":{"extract":"Black Friday (Persian: جمعه سیاه, romanized: Jom'e-ye Siyāh) was a mass shooting on 8 September 1978 (17 Shahrivar 1357 in the Solar Hijri calendar) in Pahlavi Iran, during which the Imperial Army of Iran killed 64 civilians and injured 205 in Jaleh Square (Persian: میدان ژاله, romanized: Meydān-e Zhāleh), Tehran. According to Spencer C. Tucker, 30 government security forces were also killed. The deaths were a pivotal event in the Iranian Revolution that ended any \"hope for compromise\" between the protest movement and the regime of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1358420060,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-06-08T15:47:23Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Friday_(1978)","wikidata_qid":"Q1899132","wikidata_classes":["massacre"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q126065","label":"Iranian Revolution","id":"iranian-revolution"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"cinema-rex-fire","title":"Cinema Rex fire","date_start":"1978-08-19"}],"same_time":[{"id":"camp-david-accords","title":"Camp David Accords","date_start":"1978-09-17"},{"id":"1979-international-women-s-day-protests-in-tehran","title":"1979 International Women's Day protests in Tehran","date_start":"1979-03-08"},{"id":"coastal-road-massacre","title":"Coastal road massacre","date_start":"1978-03-11"}]}},"palmyra-offensive-may-2015":{"extract":"The Palmyra offensive of May 2015 was a military operation launched during the Syrian Civil War by the Islamic State (IS) on May 13–26, 2015, in an attempt to capture the government-held Tadmur District of the Homs Governorate, including the administrative centre of Tadmur, known in English as Palmyra. The ruins and ancient monuments of Palmyra, which lie on the south-western fringe of the modern city, have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1980. The ruins were part of a desert oasis that was one of the most significant cultural centers of the ancient world, linking the civilizations of Persia, India, China with the Roman Empire through trade. The offensive was one of the largest offensives launched by ISIL, the largest one conducted by ISIL in Syria since the 2014 Eastern Syria offensive, with the result of the offensive increasing ISIL's control of Syria to at least 50%.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1373588655,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-06T19:59:58Z","data_fixes":[{"ref":"F6","anchor":"f6---three-battles-whose-start-came-out-after-their-end-first-battle-of-tikrit-palmyra-offensive-may-2015-third-battle-of-fallujah"}],"wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(May_2015)","wikidata_qid":"Q19926256","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q178810","label":"Syrian Civil War","id":"syrian-civil-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"battle-of-idlib-2015","title":"Battle of Idlib (2015)","date_start":"2015-03-28"},{"id":"2015-2016-latakia-offensive","title":"2015–2016 Latakia offensive","date_start":"2015-01-01"},{"id":"russian-intervention-in-the-syrian-civil-war","title":"Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war","date_start":"2015-09-30"},{"id":"2015-al-hawl-offensive","title":"2015 al-Hawl offensive","date_start":"2015-10-31"},{"id":"2015-russian-sukhoi-su-24-shootdown","title":"2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown","date_start":"2015-11-24"}],"nearby":[{"id":"palmyra-offensive-2017","title":"Palmyra offensive (2017)","date_start":"2017-03-02","km":0,"bearing":0},{"id":"palmyra-offensive-december-2016","title":"Palmyra offensive (December 2016)","date_start":"2016-12-08","km":0,"bearing":0},{"id":"palmyra-offensive-march-2016","title":"Palmyra offensive (March 2016)","date_start":"2016-03-09","km":0,"bearing":0},{"id":"battle-of-palmyra-1941","title":"Battle of Palmyra (1941)","date_start":"1941-07-01","km":1.8,"bearing":127}],"same_time":[{"id":"june-2015-turkish-general-election","title":"June 2015 Turkish general election","date_start":"2015-06-07"},{"id":"houthi-saudi-conflict","title":"Houthi–Saudi conflict","date_start":"2015-04-02"},{"id":"2015-kuwait-mosque-bombing","title":"2015 Kuwait mosque bombing","date_start":"2015-06-26"},{"id":"saudi-arabian-led-intervention-in-yemen","title":"Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war","date_start":"2015-03-26"},{"id":"march-2015-sanaa-mosque-bombings","title":"March 2015 Sanaa mosque bombings","date_start":"2015-03-20"}]}},"operation-spring-shield":{"extract":"Operation Spring Shield (Turkish: Bahar Kalkanı Harekâtı) was a cross-border military operation carried out by the Turkish Armed Forces (TSK) in the Idlib Governorate of northwestern Syria against the Syrian Armed Forces and allied militias. The operation was launched on 27 February 2020 in direct response to the Balyun airstrikes, aiming to address the escalating situation in the region.\n\nAccording to Turkish Defense Minister Hulusi Akar, the primary objective of Operation Spring Shield was to achieve a ceasefire agreement within the framework of the Astana talks and to establish stability in the Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone. Additionally, the operation sought to prevent the mass migration of people from Idlib to the Turkish border, a pressing humanitarian concern.\n\nOn 5 March, Turkey and Russia signed a ceasefire agreement in Moscow, marking a step towards de-escalation in the region.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370699817,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-22T16:21:18Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Spring_Shield","wikidata_qid":"Q86832624","wikidata_classes":["military operation"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q178810","label":"Syrian Civil War","id":"syrian-civil-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"northwestern-syria-offensive-2019-2020","title":"Northwestern Syria offensive (2019–2020)","date_start":"2019-12-19"},{"id":"december-2019-united-states-airstrikes-in-iraq-and-syria","title":"December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria","date_start":"2019-01-01"},{"id":"syria-missile-strikes-september-2018","title":"Syria missile strikes (September 2018)","date_start":"2018-09-17"},{"id":"2017-aleppo-suicide-car-bombing","title":"2017 Aleppo suicide car bombing","date_start":"2017-04-15"},{"id":"2017-shayrat-missile-strike","title":"2017 Shayrat missile strike","date_start":"2017-04-07"}],"same_time":[{"id":"united-states-taliban-deal","title":"United States–Taliban deal","date_start":"2020-02-29"},{"id":"2020-israeli-legislative-election","title":"2020 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"2020-03-02"},{"id":"operation-martyr-soleimani","title":"Operation Martyr Soleimani","date_start":"2020-01-08"},{"id":"ukraine-international-airlines-flight-752","title":"Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752","date_start":"2020-01-08"},{"id":"assassination-of-qasem-soleimani","title":"Assassination of Qasem Soleimani","date_start":"2020-01-03"}]}},"january-2025-gaza-war-ceasefire":{"extract":"A hostages-and-prisoners exchange and armistice between Israel and Hamas-led Palestinian militant groups in the Gaza Strip took effect from 19 January to 18 March 2025, during the Gaza war. It included eight rounds of hostage-and-prisoner exchanges between Israel and Hamas.\n\nThe initial proposal included three stages, beginning with a six-week ceasefire and the release of all Israelis and Palestinians by both parties, an end to the war, Israel's withdrawal from the Gaza Strip, and a reconstruction plan. The proposal was first drafted by mediators from the United States, Egypt, and Qatar, accepted by Hamas on 5 May 2024. On 10 June, the UN Security Council supported it as Resolution 2735. Later in 2024, Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu rejected a permanent ceasefire, while some US officials also accused Hamas of hindering the proposal. President-elect Donald Trump joined President Biden in pressuring Israel to accept a similar proposal. A variation of the proposal was accepted by Israel and Hamas on 15 January 2025. On 17 January, the deal was signed and approved by the Security Cabinet of Israel and later the full Cabinet of Israel.\n\nDuring the first stage, in exchange of the release of 30–50 Palestinians prisoners for every Israeli released, Hamas released 33 hostages. Israel agreed to provide \"intensive and sufficient\" quantities of humanitarian aid, allow displaced Palestinians to return home and begin a phased withdrawal from Gaza. In the second stage, Israel would accept a permanent ceasefire and Hamas would release the remaining living male hostages, both civilians and soldiers, for an exchange of Palestinian prisoners. In the third stage, the remains of deceased Israeli hostages would be released. Under the 5 May proposal, Israel would commit to lifting the blockade on the Gaza Strip, but this commitment was not present in the 31 May proposal.\n\nFrom the beginning of the implementation of the deal, Israel was consistently accused of violating it by killing Palestinians and hindering aid since the ceasefire came into effect. Israel accused Hamas of violating the deal with delays in providing the names of hostages. On 10 February, Hamas announced that it would suspend the release of the Israeli hostages, citing violations by Israel; this led to threats from Trump and Netanyahu in response. Hamas revoked the suspension, saying that Egyptian and Qatari mediators would oversee humanitarian provisions of the truce agreement, and released Israeli hostages as agreed upon. On 22 February, Hamas released six living hostages as stipulated, but Israel refused to release 620 Palestinian prisoners as stipulated, instead instituting an indefinite delay of the release while accusing Hamas of repeatedly violating the deal. On 25 February, Israel and Hamas reached a deal to exchange the bodies of Israeli hostages in exchange for the release of hundreds of Palestinian prisoners.\n\nOn 1 March, the day the first phase of the ceasefire was scheduled to end, Hamas rejected an Israeli proposal to extend it to release more hostages. Hamas said the second phase should proceed as originally planned. Netanyahu's office said that Israel endorsed a US plan to extend the Gaza truce for the Ramadan and Passover periods. Under this plan, half of the living and dead hostages would be released on the first day of the extended truce and the remaining hostages would be released at the end of the period if a permanent truce was reached. Following Hamas's refusal to accept the proposal, Israel ceased the entry of aid to Gaza the next day, 2 March. The humanitarian aid blockade was condemned by mediators Egypt and Qatar, as well as the United Nations, as a violation of the ceasefire, which stipulated that phase one would automatically be extended as long as phase two negotiations were in progress.\n\nOn 9 March, Israeli energy minister Eli Cohen ordered to halt supply of Israeli electricity to Gaza. On 14 March, Hamas said that it agreed to a proposal from mediators to release Israeli-American hostage Edan Alexander and the bodies of four dual national hostages. Israel and the United States rejected the claim.\n\nOn 18 March, Israel launched surprise airstrikes on Gaza, breaking the ceasefire with Hamas. Netanyahu's office stated that the strikes were carried out in response to Hamas's refusal to release hostages and its rejection of proposals to extend the cease-fire. Hours later, Netanyahu declared that Israel has \"resumed combat in full force\" against Hamas in Gaza, with the wave of airstrikes being \"just the beginning\".","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1381375132,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-22T00:40:24Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_2025_Gaza_war_ceasefire","wikidata_qid":"Q131760224","wikidata_classes":["ceasefire"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q122962941","label":"Gaza War","id":"2023-israel-hamas-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"march-may-2025-united-states-attacks-in-yemen","title":"March–May 2025 United States attacks in Yemen","date_start":"2025-03-15"},{"id":"march-2025-israeli-attacks-on-the-gaza-strip","title":"March 2025 Israeli attacks on the Gaza Strip","date_start":"2025-03-18"},{"id":"rafah-paramedic-massacre","title":"Rafah paramedic massacre","date_start":"2025-03-23"},{"id":"2024-hezbollah-headquarters-strike","title":"2024 Hezbollah headquarters strike","date_start":"2024-09-27"},{"id":"20-september-2024-beirut-attack","title":"20 September 2024 Beirut attack","date_start":"2024-09-20"}],"same_time":[{"id":"fall-of-the-assad-regime","title":"Fall of the Assad regime","date_start":"2024-12-08"},{"id":"israeli-invasion-of-syria-2024-present","title":"Israeli invasion of Syria (2024–present)","date_start":"2024-12-08"},{"id":"fall-of-damascus-2024","title":"Fall of Damascus (2024)","date_start":"2024-12-07"},{"id":"2024-homs-offensive","title":"2024 Homs offensive","date_start":"2024-12-05"},{"id":"2024-hama-offensive","title":"2024 Hama offensive","date_start":"2024-11-30"}]}},"1947-anti-jewish-riots-in-aleppo":{"extract":"The 1947 anti-Jewish riots in Aleppo were a mob attack on Syrian Jews in Aleppo, Syria in December 1947, following the United Nations vote in favour of partitioning British Palestine. The attack was part of an anti-Jewish wave of unrest across the Middle East and North Africa at the time of the 1948 Palestine war. Yaron Harel describes extensive looting and property damage, but writes that soldiers and police officers \"prevented the mob from injuring and murdering Jews.\" According to Jacob Freid, the riots resulted in some 75 Jews murdered and several hundred wounded. In the aftermath of the riots, half the city's Jewish population fled the city.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1368272496,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-08T02:28:42Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_anti-Jewish_riots_in_Aleppo","wikidata_qid":"Q1630411","wikidata_classes":["pogrom","mass murder","riot","protest"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"month","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false}},"1985-iranian-presidential-election":{"extract":"Presidential elections were held in Iran on 16 August 1985, and resulted in the re-election of the incumbent President Ali Khamenei.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1362673903,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-07-05T15:12:26Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1985_Iranian_presidential_election","wikidata_qid":"Q968607","wikidata_classes":["presidential election","public election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"south-yemeni-crisis","title":"South Yemeni crisis","date_start":"1986-01-13"},{"id":"first-battle-of-al-faw","title":"First Battle of al-Faw","date_start":"1986-02-11"},{"id":"iran-israel-proxy-conflict","title":"Iran–Israel proxy conflict","date_start":"1985-02-16"},{"id":"israeli-occupation-of-southern-lebanon-1982-2000","title":"Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon (1982–2000)","date_start":"1985-02-16"},{"id":"israeli-withdrawal-from-lebanon","title":"South Lebanon conflict (1985–2000)","date_start":"1985-02-16"}]}},"2021-2022-iraqi-political-crisis":{"extract":"Between the parliamentary election in October 2021 and October 2022, there was a political crisis in Iraq, with members of the Council of Representatives of Iraq being unable to form a stable coalition government, or elect a new President. Basic government services such as the civil service and military continued functioning, but the national political system was in deadlock including in respect of almost all major spending and taxation issues. On 27 October 2022, the government of Prime Minister Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani was approved by the Council of Representatives.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1376182977,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-22T16:07:04Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_Iraqi_political_crisis","wikidata_qid":"Q112762654","wikidata_classes":["political crisis"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q47015896","label":"Iraqi conflict","id":"iraqi-conflict"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"2019-2021-iraqi-protests","title":"2019–2021 Iraqi protests","date_start":"2019-10-01"},{"id":"iraqi-insurgency-2017-present","title":"Iraqi insurgency (2017–present)","date_start":"2017-12-09"},{"id":"iraq-war","title":"Iraq War","date_start":"2003-03-20"}],"same_time":[{"id":"2021-beirut-clashes","title":"2021 Beirut clashes","date_start":"2021-10-14"},{"id":"2021-afghanistan-iran-clashes","title":"2021 Afghanistan–Iran clashes","date_start":"2021-12-01"},{"id":"2021-iraqi-parliamentary-election","title":"2021 Iraqi parliamentary election","date_start":"2021-10-10"},{"id":"2021-qatari-general-election","title":"2021 Qatari general election","date_start":"2021-10-02"},{"id":"2022-abu-dhabi-attack","title":"2022 Abu Dhabi attack","date_start":"2022-01-17"}]}},"2025-2026-southern-yemen-campaign":{"extract":"On 2 December 2025, during the Yemeni civil war, the Southern Transitional Council (STC)—a secessionist faction backed by the United Arab Emirates—launched a large-scale military offensive across southern Yemen, breaking years of military stalemate in the conflict. The operation began in the Hadhramaut Governorate, which at the time was under the control of the internationally recognized, Saudi-backed government of Yemen.\n\nThe STC advanced rapidly, seizing several government-held areas in northern Wadi Hadhramaut, including the cities of Seiyun and Tarim. The offensive then expanded into the neighboring Al-Mahrah Governorate and other adjacent regions. Codenamed \"Operation Promising Future\", the campaign saw rapid territorial gains, and by 9 December the STC had taken control of most areas spanning the six governorates of the former South Yemen.\n\nOn 30 December, the Royal Saudi Air Force carried out airstrikes on the STC-controlled port city of Mukalla, targeting what it said was a shipment of weapons that had arrived from the UAE. The UAE denied that the shipments contained weapons. Shortly afterward, the internationally recognized Yemeni government ordered all UAE forces to leave Yemeni territory within 24 hours, announced a 72-hour air, land, and sea blockade, and declared a 90-day state of emergency. Later that day, the UAE announced it would voluntarily withdraw its remaining forces from Yemen following the Saudi strikes.\n\nOn 2 January 2026, the Yemeni government forces, supported by Saudi airstrikes, launched a counteroffensive to retake the territories captured by the STC. The STC later announced plans to hold an independence referendum within two years. Backed by Saudi Arabia, government forces advanced rapidly, recapturing Seiyun on 3 January and Mukalla the following day, reversing the STC gains. On 7 January, government forces began entering the STC's capital, Aden, amid the collapse of STC resistance. Subsequently, STC leader Aidarus al-Zoubaidi was removed from his position on the Yemeni Presidential Council, charged with treason, and fled to the UAE. On 9 January, the STC announced its dissolution following widespread territorial losses across the country.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1375595166,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-18T19:24:07Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025%E2%80%932026_southern_Yemen_campaign","wikidata_qid":"Q137209864","wikidata_classes":["military campaign","armed conflict"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q632663","label":"South Yemen insurgency","id":"south-yemen-insurgency"}],"includes":[{"id":"fall-of-aden-2026","title":"Fall of Aden (2026)","date_start":"2026-01-07"}],"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"2025-iraqi-parliamentary-election","title":"2025 Iraqi parliamentary election","date_start":"2025-11-11"},{"id":"2025-2026-iran-massacres","title":"2025–2026 Iran massacres","date_start":"2025-12-30"},{"id":"2026-northeastern-syria-offensive","title":"2026 northeastern Syria offensive","date_start":"2026-01-13"},{"id":"prelude-to-the-2026-iran-war","title":"Prelude to the 2026 Iran war","date_start":"2026-01-13"},{"id":"gaza-peace-summit","title":"Gaza peace summit","date_start":"2025-10-13"}]}}}