{"1966-syrian-coup-d-tat":{"extract":"In the 1966 Syrian coup d'état (21–23 February) the government of the Syrian Arab Republic was overthrown and replaced. The ruling National Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party were removed from power by a union of the party's Military Committee and the Syrian Regional Branch, under the leadership of Salah Jadid.\n\nThe coup was precipitated by a heightening in the power struggle between the party's old guard, represented by Michel Aflaq, Salah al-Din al-Bitar, and Munif al-Razzaz, and the radical leftist factions adhering to a Neo-Ba'athist position. On 21 February, supporters of the old guard in the army ordered the transfer of their rivals. Two days later, the Military Committee, backing the radical leftist factions, launched a coup that involved violent fighting in Aleppo, Damascus, Deir ez-Zor, and Latakia. As a result of the coup, the party's historical founders fled the country and spent the rest of their lives in exile.\n\nThe Ba'athist military committee's seizure of power and subsequent purges marked the total ideological transformation of the Syrian Ba'ath party into a militarist neo-Ba'athist organization, independent of the National Command of the original Ba'ath party. Salah Jadid established the most radical administration in modern Syrian history. The coup created a permanent schism between the Syrian and Iraqi regional branches of the Ba'ath Party and their respective National Commands, with many senior Syrian Ba'athists defecting to Iraq. Salah Jadid's government would subsequently be overthrown in the 1970 Syrian coup d'etat, which brought his military rival Hafez al-Assad to power. Despite this, the Assad regime and Ba'athist Iraq continued its propaganda campaigns against each other and the Ba'athist schism persisted.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1373445341,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-06T01:24:50Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1966_Syrian_coup_d'%C3%A9tat","wikidata_qid":"Q3560385","wikidata_classes":["coup d'état"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"country-fallback:Syria","text_from_article":null,"hand_picked":true,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q4783165","label":"Arab Cold War","id":"arab-cold-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"1964-hama-riot","title":"1964 Hama riot","date_start":"1964-04-01"},{"id":"1968-iraqi-coup-d-tat","title":"17 July Revolution","date_start":"1968-07-17"},{"id":"dhofar-rebellion","title":"Dhofar rebellion","date_start":"1963-06-09"},{"id":"1963-syrian-coup-d-etat","title":"1963 Syrian coup d'état","date_start":"1963-03-08"},{"id":"north-yemen-civil-war","title":"North Yemen civil war","date_start":"1962-09-26"}],"same_time":[{"id":"1965-israeli-legislative-election","title":"1965 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"1965-11-02"}]}},"iranian-revolution":{"extract":"The Iranian Revolution, also known as the Islamic Revolution, culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Imperial State of Iran by the Islamic Republic of Iran, as the monarchical government of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was superseded by Ruhollah Khomeini, an Islamist cleric who had headed one of the rebel factions, and became the country’s supreme leader.The ousting of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran, formally marked the end of Iran's historical monarchy.\n\nIn 1953, the CIA and MI6-backed 1953 Iranian coup d'état overthrew Iran's prime minister, Mohammad Mossadegh, who had nationalized the Anglo-Persian Oil Company. The coup reinstated Mohammad Reza Pahlavi as an absolute monarch and significantly increased the level of influence of the United States over Iran.\n\nIn 1963, the Shah had launched the White Revolution, a top-down modernization and land reform program that alienated many sectors of society, especially the clergy. Khomeini emerged as a vocal critic and was exiled in 1964. However, as ideological tensions persisted between Pahlavi and Khomeini, anti-government demonstrations began in October 1977, developing into a campaign of civil resistance that included communists, socialists, and Islamists. Mass protests were underway. A key turning point occurred on 19 August 1978, when the Cinema Rex fire by Islamic militants killed around 400 people. However a large portion of the public believed it was a false flag operation by SAVAK, the Shah's secret police, to discredit the opposition and justify a crackdown, fueling nationwide outrage and mobilization. By the end of 1978, the revolution had become a broad-based uprising that paralyzed the country for the remainder of that year.\n\nOn 16 January 1979, Pahlavi left Iran for exile, leaving his duties to Iran's Regency Council and Shapour Bakhtiar, the opposition-based prime minister. On 1 February 1979, Khomeini returned, following an invitation by the government; several million greeted him as he landed in Tehran. By 11 February, the monarchy was brought down and Khomeini assumed leadership while guerrillas and rebel troops overwhelmed Pahlavi loyalists in armed combat. Following the March 1979 Islamic Republic referendum, in which 98% approved the shift to an Islamic republic, the new government began drafting the present-day constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran; Khomeini emerged as the absolute supreme leader of Iran in December 1979.\n\nThe revolution was fueled by widespread perceptions of the Shah's regime as corrupt, repressive, and overly reliant on foreign powers, particularly the United States and the United Kingdom, at the expense of Iran's sovereignty and cultural identity. However others perceived the revolution's success as unusual, since it lacked customary causes of revolutionary sentiment, e.g. defeat in war, financial crisis, peasant rebellion, or disgruntled military. It occurred in a country experiencing relative prosperity, produced profound change at great speed, and resulted in a massive exile that characterizes a large portion of Iranian diaspora, and replaced a pro-Western secular but authoritarian monarchy with an anti-Western Islamic republic based on the concept of Velâyat-e Faqih (Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist), straddling between authoritarianism and totalitarianism. In addition to declaring the destruction of Israel as a core objective, post-revolutionary Iran aimed to undermine the influence of Sunni leaders in the region by supporting Shi'ite political ascendancy and exporting Khomeinist doctrines abroad. In the aftermath of the revolution, Iran began to back Shia militancy across the region to expand its influence in the Arab world, seeking to establish an Iranian-led Shia political and military order in the Middle East.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1379794348,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-12T00:16:01Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Revolution","wikidata_qid":"Q126065","wikidata_classes":["revolution"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"country-fallback:Iran","text_from_article":null,"hand_picked":true,"date_precision":null,"framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"includes":[{"id":"cinema-rex-fire","title":"Cinema Rex fire","date_start":"1978-08-19"},{"id":"black-friday-1978","title":"Black Friday (1978)","date_start":"1978-09-08"}]},"iran-hostage-crisis":{"extract":"The Iran hostage crisis (Persian: بحران گروگانگیری سفارت آمریکا) began on November 4, 1979, when 66 Americans, including diplomats and other civilian personnel, were taken hostage at the Embassy of the United States in Tehran, with 52 of them being held until January 20, 1981. The incident occurred after the Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line stormed and occupied the building in the months following the Iranian Revolution. With support from Ruhollah Khomeini, who had led the Iranian Revolution and would eventually establish the present-day Islamic Republic of Iran, the hostage-takers demanded that the United States extradite Iranian king Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, who had been granted asylum by the Carter administration for cancer treatment. Notable among the assailants were Hossein Dehghan (future Minister of Defense of Iran), Mohammad Ali Jafari (future Commander-in-Chief of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps), and Mohammad Bagheri (future Chief of the General Staff of the Iranian Armed Forces). The hostage crisis contributed to a dramatic decline in Iran–United States relations. After 444 days, it came to an end with the signing of the Algiers Accords between the Iranian and American governments; Pahlavi had died in Cairo, Egypt, on July 27, 1980.\n\nThe American magazine Time described the Iran hostage crisis as an entanglement of vengeance and mutual incomprehension. American president Jimmy Carter called the hostage-taking an act of \"blackmail\" and the hostages \"victims of terrorism and anarchy.\" Among proponents of the Iranian Revolution, it was seen as an act against perceived attempts by the United States to undermine the uprising against Iran's king, who had been accused of committing numerous human rights abuses against Iranian dissidents through his Bureau for Intelligence and Security of the State. The Carter administration's refusal to extradite Pahlavi was cited by the hostage-takers as proof of complicity on the part of the United States, which, in turn, denounced the Iranians' hostage-taking as an egregious violation of the principles of international law, such as the Vienna Convention, under which diplomats and diplomatic compounds are to be granted immunity from coercion and harassment.\n\nSix American diplomats who had evaded capture were rescued by the \"Canadian Caper\" on January 27, 1980. As Iran hostage crisis negotiations dragged out and did not secure the release of the remaining hostages, Carter approved Operation Eagle Claw on April 24, 1980. The effort failed, however, resulting in the death of one Iranian civilian and eight American soldiers, prompting Secretary of State Cyrus Vance to resign from his position. By September 1980, the beginning of the Iraqi invasion of Iran spurred the Iranian government to negotiate with the United States as part of an initiative mediated by Algeria.\n\nPolitical analysts cited the standoff as a major factor in the downfall of Carter's presidency, culminating in his landslide loss in the 1980 presidential election. The hostages were formally released into American custody one day after the Algiers Accords were signed, just minutes following the first inauguration of Ronald Reagan. In Iran, the crisis strengthened the prestige of Khomeini and the political power of theocrats who opposed normalization with the Western world. Since then, the United States has enforced international sanctions against Iran with regard to the latter's nuclear ambitions and human rights record, further weakening ties between the two countries.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1371504293,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-26T21:17:30Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis","wikidata_qid":"Q589673","wikidata_classes":["hostage taking","international crisis","political crisis"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"hand_picked":true,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q5163326","label":"consolidation of the Iranian Revolution"}],"includes":[{"id":"operation-eagle-claw","title":"Operation Eagle Claw","date_start":"1980-04-24"}],"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"2017-tehran-attacks","title":"2017 Tehran attacks","date_start":"2017-06-07","km":1.3,"bearing":184},{"id":"tehran-conference","title":"Tehran Conference","date_start":"1943-11-28","km":1.4,"bearing":220},{"id":"2011-british-embassy-in-iran-attack","title":"2011 British Embassy in Iran attack","date_start":"2011-11-29","km":1.4,"bearing":200},{"id":"assassination-of-ali-khamenei","title":"Assassination of Ali Khamenei","date_start":"2026-02-28","km":2.9,"bearing":232},{"id":"assassination-of-ali-larijani","title":"Assassination of Ali Larijani","date_start":"2026-03-17","km":2.9,"bearing":232}],"same_time":[{"id":"grand-mosque-seizure","title":"Grand Mosque seizure","date_start":"1979-11-20"},{"id":"1979-iranian-constitutional-referendum","title":"1979 Iranian constitutional referendum","date_start":"1979-12-03"},{"id":"1980-iranian-presidential-election","title":"1980 Iranian presidential election","date_start":"1980-01-25"}]}},"battle-of-najaf-2004":{"extract":"The Battle of Najaf a battle during the Iraq War between United States-Iraqi government forces and the Shia insurgent Mahdi Army led by Muqtada al-Sadr in the Iraqi city of Najaf in April 2004 and conflict began again in August 2004.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1381036630,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-19T16:24:03Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Najaf_(2004)","wikidata_qid":"Q2889462","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"year","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q545449","label":"Iraq War","id":"iraq-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"capture-of-saddam-hussein","title":"Capture of Saddam Hussein","date_start":"2003-12-13"},{"id":"abu-ghraib-torture-and-prisoner-abuse","title":"Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse","date_start":"2004-04-01"},{"id":"first-battle-of-fallujah","title":"First Battle of Fallujah","date_start":"2004-04-04"},{"id":"battle-of-samarra-2004","title":"Battle of Samarra (2004)","date_start":"2004-10-01"},{"id":"anbar-campaign-2003-2011","title":"Anbar campaign (2003–2011)","date_start":"2003-03-20"}],"nearby":[{"id":"battle-of-najaf-2003","title":"Battle of Najaf (2003)","date_start":"2003-03-24","km":1.8,"bearing":75}]}},"siege-of-talkalakh-may-2011":{"extract":"On 14 May 2011, during the Syrian revolution, the Syrian military began an operation in the Syrian town of Talkalakh. The government said that it was targeting terrorist groups, while the Syrian opposition described it as a crackdown against pro-democracy protesters.\n\nIt occurred a day after a mass demonstration against the rule of Syrian president Bashar al-Assad. Many residents fled to Lebanon, and this incident is considered one of the first events that triggered the migration of refugees from Syria.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1373437725,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-06T00:22:13Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Talkalakh_(May_2011)","wikidata_qid":"Q977603","wikidata_classes":["siege"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q178810","label":"Syrian Civil War","id":"syrian-civil-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"siege-of-homs","title":"Siege of Homs","date_start":"2011-05-06"},{"id":"syrian-revolution","title":"Syrian revolution","date_start":"2011-03-15"},{"id":"turkish-involvement-in-the-syrian-civil-war","title":"Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war","date_start":"2011-01-01"},{"id":"houla-massacre","title":"Houla massacre","date_start":"2012-05-25"},{"id":"battle-of-aleppo-2012-2016","title":"Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)","date_start":"2012-07-19"}],"nearby":[{"id":"2023-homs-drone-strike","title":"2023 Homs drone strike","date_start":"2023-10-05","km":40.8,"bearing":78},{"id":"2012-homs-offensive","title":"2012 Homs offensive","date_start":"2012-04-14","km":42.4,"bearing":82},{"id":"2024-homs-offensive","title":"2024 Homs offensive","date_start":"2024-12-05","km":43.1,"bearing":82}],"same_time":[{"id":"istanbul-convention","title":"Istanbul Convention","date_start":"2011-05-11"},{"id":"siege-of-daraa","title":"Siege of Daraa","date_start":"2011-04-25"},{"id":"june-2011-jisr-ash-shughur-clashes","title":"June 2011 Jisr ash-Shughur clashes","date_start":"2011-06-04"},{"id":"2011-turkish-general-election","title":"2011 Turkish general election","date_start":"2011-06-12"},{"id":"syrian-civil-war-spillover-in-lebanon","title":"Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon","date_start":"2011-06-17"}]}},"2014-jerusalem-synagogue-attack":{"extract":"On the morning of 18 November 2014, two Palestinian men from Jerusalem entered Kehilat Bnei Torah synagogue, in the Har Nof neighborhood of Jerusalem, and attacked the praying congregants with axes, knives, and a gun. They killed four dual-nationality worshippers, and critically wounded a responding Druze Israeli police officer, who later died of his wounds. They also injured seven male worshippers, one of whom never woke up from a coma and died 11 months later. The two attackers were then shot dead by the police.\n\nSeveral initial reports claimed that the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) had declared responsibility for the attack; Other sources say declarations by PFLP militants were either confused or that the group itself disclaimed responsibility. Israeli authorities stated that 'it seemed the men had acted alone'.\n\nIt was the deadliest terror attack in Jerusalem since the Mercaz HaRav massacre in March 2008. The attack was one of a number of violent attacks on Israelis in the summer and autumn of 2014 being called an intifada by some news sources, despite no official intifada being organized by a Palestinian group, as they were in the first and second intifadas.\n\nThe UN Security Council condemned the \"despicable terrorist attack\" in the Jerusalem synagogue.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1372770385,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-02T05:03:25Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Jerusalem_synagogue_attack","wikidata_qid":"Q18551886","wikidata_classes":["terrorist attack","massacre"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"LABEL","guideline_name":"Contentious labels","shortcut":"MOS:LABEL","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Contentious_labels","phrase":"the deadliest terror attack in Jerusalem","note":"Uses \"terror\" for the attack in Wikipedia's own voice, without saying who uses the label."}],"highlights":["the deadliest terror attack in Jerusalem"]},"highlights":[{"text":"the deadliest terror attack in Jerusalem","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q18191933","label":"2014 Jerusalem unrest"}],"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"deir-yassin-massacre","title":"Deir Yassin massacre","date_start":"1948-04-09","km":0.3,"bearing":72},{"id":"sbarro-restaurant-suicide-bombing","title":"Sbarro restaurant suicide bombing","date_start":"2001-08-09","km":4,"bearing":94},{"id":"semiramis-hotel-bombing","title":"Semiramis Hotel bombing","date_start":"1948-01-05","km":4,"bearing":130},{"id":"king-david-hotel-bombing","title":"King David Hotel bombing","date_start":"1946-07-22","km":4.6,"bearing":106},{"id":"battle-of-jerusalem-1917","title":"Battle of Jerusalem","date_start":"1917-11-17","km":5,"bearing":102}],"same_time":[{"id":"battle-of-ramadi-2014-2015","title":"Battle of Ramadi (2014–2015)","date_start":"2014-11-21"},{"id":"united-states-intervention-in-syria","title":"United States intervention in Syria","date_start":"2014-09-22"},{"id":"operation-chammal","title":"Opération Chammal","date_start":"2014-09-19"},{"id":"yemeni-civil-war-2014-present","title":"Yemeni civil war (2014–present)","date_start":"2014-09-16"},{"id":"siege-of-kobani","title":"Siege of Kobanî","date_start":"2014-09-15"}]}},"palmyra-offensive-december-2016":{"extract":"The Palmyra offensive in December 2016 was a military operation launched by the military of ISIL which led to the re-capture of the ancient city of Palmyra, and an unsuccessful ISIL attack on the Tiyas T-4 Airbase to the west of the city. ISIL previously controlled the city from May 2015 until March 2016.\n\nThe unexpected blitz offensive occurred concurrently with three major anti-ISIL offensives: the Turkish Western al-Bab offensive and Battle of al-Bab north of Aleppo, the Kurdish-Arab Raqqa campaign, and the Iraqi Battle of Mosul in Iraq, which saw all three gaining ground from the Islamic State.\n\nIn January 2017, the Syrian Army and allied forces launched another offensive to recapture Palmyra and its surrounding areas.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1372656439,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-01T17:30:54Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(December_2016)","wikidata_qid":"Q27988133","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q178810","label":"Syrian Civil War","id":"syrian-civil-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"battle-of-al-bab","title":"Battle of al-Bab","date_start":"2016-11-06"},{"id":"raqqa-campaign-2016-2017","title":"Raqqa campaign (2016–2017)","date_start":"2016-11-06"},{"id":"palmyra-offensive-2017","title":"Palmyra offensive (2017)","date_start":"2017-03-02"},{"id":"manbij-offensive-2016","title":"Manbij offensive (2016)","date_start":"2016-08-27"},{"id":"operation-euphrates-shield","title":"Operation Euphrates Shield","date_start":"2016-08-24"}],"nearby":[{"id":"palmyra-offensive-march-2016","title":"Palmyra offensive (March 2016)","date_start":"2016-03-09","km":0,"bearing":0},{"id":"palmyra-offensive-may-2015","title":"Palmyra offensive (May 2015)","date_start":"2015-05-13","km":0,"bearing":0},{"id":"battle-of-palmyra-1941","title":"Battle of Palmyra (1941)","date_start":"1941-07-01","km":1.8,"bearing":127}],"same_time":[{"id":"2016-besiktas-bombings","title":"2016 Beşiktaş bombings","date_start":"2016-12-10"},{"id":"botroseya-church-bombing","title":"Botroseya Church bombing","date_start":"2016-12-11"},{"id":"assassination-of-andrei-karlov","title":"Assassination of Andrei Karlov","date_start":"2016-12-19"},{"id":"aleppo-offensive-november-december-2016","title":"Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016)","date_start":"2016-11-15"},{"id":"istanbul-nightclub-shooting","title":"Istanbul nightclub shooting","date_start":"2017-01-01"}]}},"netiv-haasara-massacre":{"extract":"The Netiv HaAsara massacre occurred during the October 7 attacks. Three Hamas fighters on paragliders attacked Netiv HaAsara, an Israeli moshav close to the border fence. The militants killed at least 17 people. Before the massacre, the moshav was home to approximately 900 residents. The lengthy response time of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) has been criticized by survivors. Additionally, an IDF investigation criticized the conduct of the 37 Israeli soldiers and security officers present, finding that they were unable to stop the massacre despite outnumbering the militants.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1372404096,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-31T16:01:02Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netiv_HaAsara_massacre","wikidata_qid":"Q122982818","wikidata_classes":["massacre","terrorist attack","hate crime"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q122976243","label":"October 7 attacks","id":"october-7-attacks"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"alumim-massacre","title":"Alumim massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"be-eri-massacre","title":"Be'eri massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"ein-hashlosha-massacre","title":"Ein HaShlosha massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"holit-attack","title":"Holit attack","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"kfar-aza-massacre","title":"Kfar Aza massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"}],"nearby":[{"id":"2006-israeli-operation-in-beit-hanoun","title":"2006 Israeli operation in Beit Hanoun","date_start":"2006-11-08","km":3.6,"bearing":183},{"id":"2004-israeli-operation-in-the-northern-gaza-strip","title":"2004 Israeli operation in the northern Gaza Strip","date_start":"2004-09-29","km":4,"bearing":181},{"id":"zikim-attack","title":"Zikim attack","date_start":"2023-10-07","km":4.4,"bearing":338},{"id":"attacks-on-jabalia-refugee-camp-2023-present","title":"Attacks on Jabalia refugee camp (2023–present)","date_start":"2023-10-01","km":5.5,"bearing":228},{"id":"al-shati-refugee-camp-airstrikes","title":"Al-Shati refugee camp airstrikes","date_start":"2023-10-12","km":9.9,"bearing":244}],"same_time":[{"id":"2023-israel-hamas-war","title":"Gaza war","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"battle-of-re-im","title":"Battle of Re'im","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"battle-of-sderot","title":"Battle of Sderot","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"gaza-genocide","title":"Gaza genocide","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"kidnapping-and-killing-of-the-bibas-family","title":"Kidnapping and murder of the Bibas family","date_start":"2023-10-07"}]}},"july-2024-houthi-israel-attacks":{"extract":"On 19 July 2024, Houthi militants in Yemen performed a drone attack on Israel, hitting an apartment building near the U.S. Embassy branch office in Tel Aviv, Israel's economic center in Ben Yehuda Street. The drone strike killed one person in his apartment building, and injured 10 others. The drone was spotted but not intercepted due to what Israel attributed to human error, with the Houthis asserting that they had developed a drone with the ability to evade the Iron Dome. The air raid siren was also not activated.\n\nThe attack is reportedly the first successful one by the Houthis to hit its target, with previous attempts being intercepted by either Israeli defenses or Western allies located in the region.\n\nThe following day, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) responded with an attack on Hudaydah Port in Al Hudaydah, Yemen. The attack damaged a power generating station, an oil refinery, fuel storage facilities belonging to the Yemen Petroleum Corporation (YPC), and port cranes. Israel claimed it targeted weapon storage facilities. 14 people were killed, including 12 port employees and more than 90 were injured, many with severe burns.\n\nThe attack was codenamed by the IDF as Operation Outstretched Arm (Hebrew: מבצע יד ארוכה). Houthi officials condemned the Israeli bombing of Al Hudaydah, promised retaliation, and said that this would \"increase our determination to stop the genocide in Gaza\".\n\nThe operation marks the first time Israel directly attacked Yemen. It used F-15 and F-35I jet fighters, along with Boeing 707 jets for aerial refueling. Commentators have noted the significance of the operation, emphasizing that it involved targets 1,700 kilometers from Israel, approximately 200 kilometers farther than Tehran, showcasing the extended reach of Israeli military operations.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1381376340,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-22T00:54:40Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_2024_Houthi%E2%80%93Israel_attacks","wikidata_qid":"Q127638355","wikidata_classes":["military operation"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"SAID","guideline_name":"Synonyms for \"said\"","shortcut":"MOS:SAID","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Synonyms_for_said","phrase":"Israel claimed it targeted weapon storage facilities","note":"Israel \"claimed\" its targets, while the Houthi officials \"said\" theirs."}],"highlights":["Israel claimed it targeted weapon storage facilities"]},"highlights":[{"text":"Israel claimed it targeted weapon storage facilities","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q124819767","label":"Houthi involvement in the Gaza war"},{"qid":"Q124373310","label":"Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present)","id":"middle-eastern-crisis-2023-present"},{"qid":"Q122962941","label":"Gaza War","id":"2023-israel-hamas-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"majdal-shams-attack","title":"Majdal Shams attack","date_start":"2024-07-27"},{"id":"assassination-of-ismail-haniyeh","title":"Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh","date_start":"2024-07-31"},{"id":"nuseirat-rescue-and-massacre","title":"Nuseirat rescue and massacre","date_start":"2024-06-08"},{"id":"tel-al-sultan-attack","title":"Tel al-Sultan attack","date_start":"2024-05-26"},{"id":"20-september-2024-beirut-attack","title":"20 September 2024 Beirut attack","date_start":"2024-09-20"}],"same_time":[{"id":"2024-syrian-parliamentary-election","title":"2024 Syrian parliamentary election","date_start":"2024-07-15"},{"id":"2024-iranian-presidential-election","title":"2024 Iranian presidential election","date_start":"2024-07-05"},{"id":"2024-lebanon-electronic-device-attacks","title":"2024 Lebanon electronic device attacks","date_start":"2024-09-18"},{"id":"september-2024-israeli-attacks-against-lebanon","title":"September 2024 Israeli attacks against Lebanon","date_start":"2024-09-23"},{"id":"2024-hezbollah-headquarters-strike","title":"2024 Hezbollah headquarters strike","date_start":"2024-09-27"}]}},"world-war-ii":{"extract":"World War II, or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945), was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers. Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many engaging in total war on an unprecedented scale. World War II was the deadliest conflict in history, causing the deaths of 60 to 75 million people, a majority of whom were civilians. Millions died as a result of massacres, starvation, disease, and genocides, including the Holocaust. After the Allied victory, Germany, Austria, Japan, and Korea were occupied, and German and Japanese leaders were tried for war crimes in the Nuremberg trials and the International Military Tribunal for the Far East respectively.\n\nThe causes of World War II included unresolved tensions in the aftermath of World War I and the rise of fascism in Europe and militarism in Japan. Key events preceding the war included Japan's invasion of Manchuria in 1931, the Spanish Civil War, the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, and Germany's annexations of Austria and the Sudetenland. World War II is generally considered to have begun on 1 September 1939, when Nazi Germany, under Adolf Hitler, invaded Poland, after which the United Kingdom and France declared war on Germany. Poland was also invaded by the Soviet Union in mid-September, and was partitioned between the two states under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. In 1940, the Soviet Union annexed the Baltic states and parts of Finland and Romania, while Germany conquered Norway, Denmark, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. After the fall of France in June 1940, the war continued, mainly between Germany, now assisted by Fascist Italy, and the British Empire and British Commonwealth, with fighting in the Balkans, Mediterranean, Middle East, East Africa, the aerial Battle of Britain, the Blitz, and the naval Battle of the Atlantic. By mid-1941, Yugoslavia and Greece had also been defeated by Axis countries. In June 1941, Germany invaded the Soviet Union, opening the Eastern Front.\n\nIn December 1941, Japan attacked American and British territories in Asia and the Pacific, including Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, leading the United States to enter the war against the Axis. Japan conquered much of coastal China and Southeast Asia, but its advances in the Pacific were halted in June 1942 at the Battle of Midway. In early 1943, Axis forces were defeated in North Africa and at Stalingrad in the Soviet Union. An Allied invasion of Italy in July resulted in the fall of its fascist regime, and Allied offensives in the Pacific and the Soviet Union forced the Axis to retreat on all fronts. In 1944, the Western Allies invaded France at Normandy, opening a new front, and the Soviet Union advanced into Central Europe. Japan also suffered major setbacks, including the crippling of its navy by the United States, the loss of key Western Pacific islands, and defeats in Burma. The war in Europe concluded with the liberation of German-occupied territories and an invasion of Germany itself, which culminated in the fall of Berlin and Germany's unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945. On 6 and 9 August, the US dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, followed by a Soviet invasion of Japanese-occupied Manchuria. Japan announced its unconditional surrender on 15 August and signed a surrender document on 2 September 1945.\n\nWorld War II transformed the political, economic, and social structures of the world and established the foundation of international relations for the rest of the 20th century and into the 21st century. The United Nations was created to foster international cooperation and prevent future conflicts, with the victorious great powers—China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States—becoming the permanent members of its Security Council. The Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the stage for the Cold War. In the wake of Europe's devastation, the influence of its great powers waned, triggering the decolonisation of Africa and of Asia. Many countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery and expansion.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-10","wikipedia_revid":1379498269,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-10T10:04:34Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II","wikidata_qid":"Q362","wikidata_classes":["world war","historical period","war"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"includes":[{"id":"mediterranean-and-middle-east-theatre-of-world-war-ii","title":"Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II","date_start":"1940-06-10"}]},"arab-cold-war":{"extract":"The Arab Cold War (Arabic: الحرب العربية الباردة al-ḥarb al-`arabiyyah al-bāridah) was a political rivalry in the Arab world from the early 1950s to the late 1970s or early 1990s and a part of the wider Cold War. It is generally accepted that the beginning of the Arab Cold War is marked by the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, which led to Gamal Abdel Nasser becoming the president of Egypt in 1956. Thereafter, newly formed Arab republics, inspired by revolutionary secular nationalism and Nasser's Egypt, engaged in political rivalries with conservative traditionalist Arab monarchies, influenced by Saudi Arabia. The Iranian Revolution of 1979, and the ascension of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini as leader of Iran, is widely seen as the end of this period of internal conflicts and rivalry. A new era of Arab-Iranian tensions followed, overshadowing the bitterness of intra-Arab strife.\n\nNasser espoused secular pan-Arab nationalism and socialism as a response to the perceived complicity of the Arab monarchies in Western interference in the Arab world. He also opposed the monarchies' support of rentierism and Islamism. Later Nasser embraced the Palestinian cause, albeit within the framework of pan-Arabism. After Egypt's political victory in the 1956 Suez Crisis, known in the Arab world as the Tripartite Aggression, Nasser and his associated ideology quickly gained support in other Arab countries, from Iraq in the east to French-occupied Algeria in the west. In several Arab countries, such as Iraq, North Yemen and Libya, conservative regimes were overthrown and replaced by new, ‘revolutionary’ republican governments. Meanwhile, Arab countries under Western countries’ rule, such as Algeria and South Yemen, experienced nationalist uprisings aimed at independence. At the same time, Syria, which was already strongly Arab nationalist, formed a short-lived federal union with Egypt called the United Arab Republic. Several other attempts were made to unite the Arab states in various configurations, but all attempts were unsuccessful.\n\nFollowing their independence, the monarchies of Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Morocco, as well as the Gulf states, formed an alliance to directly or indirectly counter Egyptian influence. Saudi Arabia and Jordan, previously rivals over the competing claims of their respective dynasties, worked closely together to support the royalist faction in the North Yemen Civil War. The conflict became a proxy war between Egypt and Saudi Arabia following the establishment of the Nasserist Yemen Arab Republic in 1962.\n\nThe Arab Cold War was linked to the global confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union, as the United States supported the conservative monarchies led by Saudi Arabia, while the Soviet Union supported the Egyptian-led republics, after Nasser's split with the United States and pivot to alignment with the Soviet Union. This was despite the republics' suppression of internal Arab communist movements. The Arab revolutionary nationalist republican movement supported anti-American, anti-Western, anti-imperialist, and anti-colonial revolutionary movements outside the Arab world, such as the Cuban Revolution. In contrast, the Arab monarchist movement supported conservative governments in predominantly Muslim countries such as Pakistan.\n\nThe earliest date marked as the end of the Arab Cold Wars is 1970. The success of the State of Israel in the Six-Day War of 1967 undermined the strategic strength of both Egypt and Nasser. The resolution of the North Yemen Civil War, although brokered by Nasser and King Faisal of Saudi Arabia, was a victory for the Egyptian-backed Yemeni Republicans. The intense Egyptian-Saudi rivalry faded dramatically as attention focused on Egypt's efforts to liberate its own territory under Israeli occupation.\n\nAfter Nasser's death in 1970, Anwar Sadat became president and departed significantly from Nasser's revolutionary platform, both domestically and in regional and international affairs. In particular, Sadat sought to establish a close strategic partnership with Saudi Arabia under King Faisal, which was crucial to Egypt's success in the first part of the Yom Kippur War of 1973. Building on these early successes, Sadat completely distanced himself from Nasserism by ending Egypt's strategic alliance with the Soviet Union and aligning himself instead with the United States. In 1978, he negotiated a peace treaty with the state of Israel that required the removal of all Israeli military personnel and settlers from Egyptian land. Sadat's peace treaty not only alienated Nasserists and other secular Arab nationalists, but also enraged Islamists, who denounced him as an apostate. This eventually led to his assassination by the Egyptian Islamic Jihad in 1981. Egypt was suspended from the Arab League, leading to its virtual isolation in the region. Meanwhile, Islamism grew in popularity, culminating in the 1979 Iranian Revolution. This established Shi'a Iran as a regional power committed to overthrowing the predominantly Sunni governments of Arab states, both republican and monarchical. After the outbreak of the Iran–Iraq War in the early 1980s, Egypt, still suspended from the Arab League, joined Saudi Arabia in supporting Sunni-led Iraq against Shi'ite Iran. At the same time, the Sunni–Shi'a conflict in other parts of the region, such as Lebanon, became a new proxy conflict between the regional powers of the two Muslim sects.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1380664132,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-17T03:50:13Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Cold_War","wikidata_qid":"Q4783165","wikidata_classes":["cold war","armed conflict"],"date_flags":["date_order_invalid: Wikidata start (1979-02-11) is after end (1970-01-01, year precision); shown as Wikidata gives them","wikipedia_dates_note: Wikipedia lead mentions years 1952, 1956, 1979, 1962, 1970, 1967; Wikidata gives 1979-02-11 to 1970-01-01"],"wikipedia_lead_dates":["1952","1956","1962","1967","1970","1979"],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"States as fact, without attribution, that revolutionary Iran was \"committed to overthrowing the predominantly Sunni governments of Arab states\", a contested characterisation of its aims.","highlights":["committed to overthrowing the predominantly Sunni governments of Arab states"]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"DOUBT","guideline_name":"Expressions of doubt","shortcut":"MOS:DOUBT","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Expressions_of_doubt","phrase":"‘revolutionary’","note":"Puts the new republics' \"revolutionary\" description in scare quotes, casting doubt on it without saying who doubts it."}],"highlights":["‘revolutionary’"]},"highlights":[{"text":"committed to overthrowing the predominantly Sunni governments of Arab states","kind":"fairness"},{"text":"‘revolutionary’","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q8683","label":"Cold War"}],"includes":[{"id":"14-july-revolution","title":"14 July Revolution","date_start":"1958-07-14"},{"id":"1958-lebanon-crisis","title":"1958 Lebanon crisis","date_start":"1958-07-15"},{"id":"1959-mosul-uprising","title":"1959 Mosul uprising","date_start":"1959-03-07"},{"id":"north-yemen-civil-war","title":"North Yemen civil war","date_start":"1962-09-26"},{"id":"1963-syrian-coup-d-etat","title":"1963 Syrian coup d'état","date_start":"1963-03-08"},{"id":"dhofar-rebellion","title":"Dhofar rebellion","date_start":"1963-06-09"},{"id":"1964-hama-riot","title":"1964 Hama riot","date_start":"1964-04-01"},{"id":"1966-syrian-coup-d-tat","title":"1966 Syrian coup d'état","date_start":"1966-02-23"},{"id":"1968-iraqi-coup-d-tat","title":"17 July Revolution","date_start":"1968-07-17"},{"id":"black-september-in-jordan","title":"Black September","date_start":"1970-09-06"},{"id":"1970-syrian-coup-d-etat","title":"1970 Syrian coup d'etat","date_start":"1970-11-13"},{"id":"lebanese-civil-war","title":"Lebanese Civil War","date_start":"1975-04-13"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"political-violence-in-turkey-1976-1980","title":"Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)","date_start":"1968-01-01"},{"id":"war-of-attrition","title":"War of Attrition","date_start":"1967-07-01"},{"id":"aden-emergency","title":"Aden Emergency","date_start":"1963-10-14"},{"id":"suez-crisis","title":"Suez Crisis","date_start":"1956-10-29"},{"id":"1953-iranian-coup-d-tat","title":"1953 Iranian coup d'état","date_start":"1953-08-15"}]}},"2005-egyptian-presidential-election":{"extract":"Presidential elections were held by the authoritarian Hosni Mubarak regime in Egypt on September 7, 2005, the first to feature more than one candidate. Incumbent president Hosni Mubarak was re-elected for a fifth consecutive six-year term in office, with official results showing he won 88.6% of the vote. The elections were marred by widespread reports of voter intimidation, payments to Mubarak voters, and pressure on poll workers to instruct voters to vote for Mubarak.\n\nMost major opposition parties boycotted the elections due to concerns about the willingness of the authoritarian regime to conduct the elections fairly.\n\nThe opposition said the results were forged. Mubarak's main opponent, Ayman Nour, of the El-Ghad Party, is estimated to have received 7.3% of the vote and Numan Gumaa received 2.8%, however, Nour claimed that prior polling results showed over 30%. Criticism of the election process has centred on the process of selecting the eligible candidates, and on alleged election-law violations during voting.\n\nMubarak was sworn in for his new term on September 27.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1379328522,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-09T07:44:50Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Egyptian_presidential_election","wikidata_qid":"Q2115151","wikidata_classes":["Presidential elections in Egypt","public election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"2005-sharm-el-sheikh-bombings","title":"2005 Sharm El Sheikh bombings","date_start":"2005-07-23"},{"id":"2005-amman-bombings","title":"2005 Amman bombings","date_start":"2005-11-09"},{"id":"haditha-massacre","title":"Haditha massacre","date_start":"2005-11-19"},{"id":"2005-iranian-presidential-election","title":"2005 Iranian presidential election","date_start":"2005-06-17"},{"id":"december-2005-iraqi-parliamentary-election","title":"December 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election","date_start":"2005-12-15"}]}},"2015-saudi-arabian-municipal-elections":{"extract":"Elections were held in Saudi Arabia on 12 December 2015 for municipal councils, which have limited decision-making powers on local issues such as rubbish collection and street maintenance. The previous two elections, in 2005 and 2011, were for half the council seats and were open to male candidates and voters only. The 2015 election was for two thirds of the council seats, on 284 municipal councils, with both male and female candidates and voters. This was the first election in Saudi Arabia in which women were allowed to vote, the first in which they were allowed to run for office, and the first in which women were elected as politicians.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1335788965,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-01-31T06:16:19Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Saudi_Arabian_municipal_elections","wikidata_qid":"Q7427110","wikidata_classes":["municipal election","local elections in Saudi Arabia","public election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"2015-russian-sukhoi-su-24-shootdown","title":"2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown","date_start":"2015-11-24"},{"id":"2015-beirut-bombings","title":"2015 Beirut bombings","date_start":"2015-11-12"},{"id":"january-2016-istanbul-bombing","title":"January 2016 Istanbul bombing","date_start":"2016-01-12"},{"id":"november-2015-turkish-general-election","title":"November 2015 Turkish general election","date_start":"2015-11-01"},{"id":"metrojet-flight-9268","title":"Metrojet Flight 9268","date_start":"2015-10-31"}]}},"april-2018-missile-strikes-against-syria":{"extract":"On 14 April 2018, beginning at 04:00 Syrian time (UTC+3), the United States, France, and the United Kingdom carried out a series of military strikes involving aircraft and ship-based missiles against multiple government sites in Syria during the Syrian Civil War. The strikes were a reprisal for the Douma chemical attack against civilians on 7 April, widely attributed to the Syrian government. The Syrian government called the airstrikes a violation of international law.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1381694890,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-24T05:07:46Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria","wikidata_qid":"Q51844684","wikidata_classes":["airstrike","armed conflict","bombardment"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q18121212","label":"United States intervention in Syria","id":"united-states-intervention-in-syria"},{"qid":"Q5468411","label":"foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"2017-shayrat-missile-strike","title":"2017 Shayrat missile strike","date_start":"2017-04-07"},{"id":"raqqa-campaign-2016-2017","title":"Raqqa campaign (2016–2017)","date_start":"2016-11-06"},{"id":"russian-intervention-in-the-syrian-civil-war","title":"Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war","date_start":"2015-09-30"},{"id":"iranian-intervention-in-the-syrian-civil-war","title":"Iranian intervention in the Syrian civil war","date_start":"2013-06-09"},{"id":"turkish-involvement-in-the-syrian-civil-war","title":"Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war","date_start":"2011-01-01"}],"nearby":[{"id":"capture-of-damascus-1918","title":"Capture of Damascus (1918)","date_start":"1918-09-26","km":5.3,"bearing":196},{"id":"battle-of-damascus-2012","title":"Battle of Damascus (2012)","date_start":"2012-07-15","km":5.4,"bearing":197},{"id":"ghouta-chemical-attack","title":"Ghouta chemical attack","date_start":"2013-08-21","km":5.4,"bearing":143},{"id":"mar-elias-church-attack","title":"Mar Elias Church attack","date_start":"2025-06-22","km":6.1,"bearing":176},{"id":"fall-of-damascus-2024","title":"Fall of Damascus (2024)","date_start":"2024-12-07","km":7.6,"bearing":233}],"same_time":[{"id":"rif-dimashq-offensive-february-april-2018","title":"Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)","date_start":"2018-04-14"},{"id":"douma-chemical-attack","title":"Douma chemical attack","date_start":"2018-04-07"},{"id":"2018-2019-gaza-border-protests","title":"2018–2019 Gaza border protests","date_start":"2018-03-30"},{"id":"united-arab-emirates-occupation-of-socotra","title":"United Arab Emirates occupation of Socotra","date_start":"2018-04-30"},{"id":"2018-egyptian-presidential-election","title":"2018 Egyptian presidential election","date_start":"2018-03-26"}]}},"january-2021-baghdad-bombings":{"extract":"The January 2021 Baghdad bombings were a pair of terrorist attacks that occurred on 21 January 2021, carried out by two suicide bombers at an open-air market in central Baghdad, Iraq. They killed at least 32 people and injured another 110. This was the Iraqi capital’s first terrorist attack since 2019.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1357537513,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-06-03T05:55:02Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_2021_Baghdad_bombings","wikidata_qid":"Q104957993","wikidata_classes":["suicide attack"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"LABEL","guideline_name":"Contentious labels","shortcut":"MOS:LABEL","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Contentious_labels","phrase":"were a pair of terrorist attacks","note":"Uses \"terrorist\" for the bombings, in the defining sentence, in Wikipedia's own voice, without saying who uses the label."},{"guideline":"LABEL","guideline_name":"Contentious labels","shortcut":"MOS:LABEL","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Contentious_labels","phrase":"first terrorist attack since 2019","note":"Uses \"terrorist\" for the bombings in Wikipedia's own voice, without saying who uses the label."}],"highlights":["were a pair of terrorist attacks","first terrorist attack since 2019"]},"highlights":[{"text":"were a pair of terrorist attacks","kind":"wording"},{"text":"first terrorist attack since 2019","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"battle-of-baghdad-2003","title":"Battle of Baghdad (2003)","date_start":"2003-01-01","km":2,"bearing":157},{"id":"2010-baghdad-church-siege","title":"2010 Baghdad church siege","date_start":"2010-10-31","km":2.9,"bearing":155},{"id":"attack-on-the-united-states-embassy-in-baghdad","title":"Attack on the United States embassy in Baghdad","date_start":"2019-12-31","km":3.9,"bearing":203},{"id":"december-2019-united-states-airstrikes-in-iraq-and-syria","title":"December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria","date_start":"2019-01-01","km":3.9,"bearing":203},{"id":"2016-karrada-bombing","title":"2016 Karrada bombing","date_start":"2016-07-03","km":3.9,"bearing":169}],"same_time":[{"id":"operation-claw-eagle-2","title":"Operation Claw-Eagle 2","date_start":"2021-02-10"},{"id":"2020-aden-airport-attack","title":"2020 Aden airport attack","date_start":"2020-12-30"},{"id":"2020-g20-riyadh-summit","title":"2020 G20 Riyadh summit","date_start":"2020-11-21"},{"id":"2021-israeli-legislative-election","title":"2021 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"2021-03-23"},{"id":"iran-china-25-year-cooperation-program","title":"Iran–China 25-year Cooperation Program","date_start":"2021-03-27"}]}},"sofagate":{"extract":"Sofagate is a diplomatic protocol incident that happened during the visit of President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen and President of the European Council Charles Michel to Turkey in April 2021. When Michel and von der Leyen were to meet with the Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Foreign Minister Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu, there were only two chairs and two sofas in the room in which they were received. Michel then seated himself in the chair beside Erdoğan while von der Leyen was offered to take a seat on a sofa in the same room across the Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu. Michel as a man took the more prominent position than von der Leyen as a woman, despite both having the title President. Many commentators described the incident as sexist, as did von der Leyen herself. Later on, Çavuşoğlu called the accusations against Turkey \"unfair\", saying that the seating arrangement was made in accordance with the requests of the European side and added protocol officials always \"meet and discuss the arrangement before each visit.\"","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1371490647,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-26T19:32:46Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofagate","wikidata_qid":"Q106434951","wikidata_classes":["international incident","political crisis","international crisis"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"Explains the seating by gender in its own voice (\"as a man\" ... \"as a woman\") before attributing the sexism charge; Turkey's account that the arrangement followed the European side's requests comes only at the end.","highlights":["Michel as a man took the more prominent position than von der Leyen as a woman"]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[{"text":"Michel as a man took the more prominent position than von der Leyen as a woman","kind":"fairness"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q20969057","label":"Turkey–European Union relations"}],"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"iran-china-25-year-cooperation-program","title":"Iran–China 25-year Cooperation Program","date_start":"2021-03-27"},{"id":"2021-israeli-legislative-election","title":"2021 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"2021-03-23"},{"id":"2021-israel-palestine-crisis","title":"2021 Israel–Palestine crisis","date_start":"2021-05-06"},{"id":"2021-syrian-presidential-election","title":"2021 Syrian presidential election","date_start":"2021-05-26"},{"id":"operation-claw-eagle-2","title":"Operation Claw-Eagle 2","date_start":"2021-02-10"}]}}}