{"franco-syrian-war":{"extract":"The Franco-Syrian War took place during 1920 between France and the Hashemite rulers of the newly established Arab Kingdom of Syria. During a series of engagements, which climaxed in the Battle of Maysalun, French forces defeated the forces of the Hashemite monarch King Faisal, and his supporters, entering Damascus on July 24, 1920. A new pro-French government was declared in Syria on July 25, headed by 'Alaa al-Din al-Darubi and the region of Syria was eventually divided into several client states under the Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon. The British government, concerned for their position in the new mandate in Iraq, agreed to declare the fugitive Faisal as the new king of Iraq.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1379975922,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-13T01:16:16Z","data_fixes":[{"ref":"F13","anchor":"f13---five-seed-start-dates-replaced-by-the-wikidata-value-the-article-confirms"}],"wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franco-Syrian_War","wikidata_qid":"Q2992403","wikidata_classes":["war","armed conflict"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"country-fallback:Syria","text_from_article":null,"hand_picked":true,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q154611","label":"interwar period"}],"includes":[{"id":"battle-of-tel-hai","title":"Battle of Tel Hai","date_start":"1920-03-01"},{"id":"1920-capture-of-damascus","title":"1920 capture of Damascus","date_start":"1920-07-24"},{"id":"battle-of-maysalun","title":"Battle of Maysalun","date_start":"1920-07-24"}],"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"1920-nebi-musa-riots","title":"1920 Nebi Musa riots","date_start":"1920-04-04"},{"id":"san-remo-conference","title":"San Remo conference","date_start":"1920-04-19"},{"id":"battle-of-marash","title":"Battle of Marash","date_start":"1920-01-21"},{"id":"treaty-of-s-vres","title":"Treaty of Sèvres","date_start":"1920-08-10"}]}},"battle-of-marash":{"extract":"The Battle of Marash (Turkish: Maraş Muharebesi), also called the Marash Affair, took place in the early winter of 1920 between the French forces occupying the city of Maraş in the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish National Forces linked to Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. It was the first major battle of the Turkish War of Independence, and the three-week-long engagement in the city ultimately forced the French to abandon and retreat from Marash and resulted in the Massacre of Marash, a Turkish massacre of Armenian refugees who had just been repatriated to the city following the Armenian Genocide.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1372211830,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-30T21:59:29Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Marash","wikidata_qid":"Q4810343","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q1450532","label":"Franco-Turkish War","id":"franco-turkish-war"}],"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"2026-onikisubat-school-shooting","title":"2026 Onikişubat school shooting","date_start":"2026-04-15","km":5.3,"bearing":272}],"same_time":[{"id":"battle-of-tel-hai","title":"Battle of Tel Hai","date_start":"1920-03-01"},{"id":"franco-syrian-war","title":"Franco-Syrian War","date_start":"1920-03-08"},{"id":"1920-nebi-musa-riots","title":"1920 Nebi Musa riots","date_start":"1920-04-04"},{"id":"san-remo-conference","title":"San Remo conference","date_start":"1920-04-19"}]}},"battle-of-73-easting":{"extract":"The Battle of 73 Easting was fought on 26 February 1991, during the Gulf War, between Coalition armored forces (US VII Corps and UK 1st Armoured Division) and Iraqi armored forces (Republican Guard and Tawakalna Division). It was named for a UTM north–south coordinate line (an \"Easting\", measured in kilometers and readable on GPS receivers) that was used as a phase line by Coalition forces to measure their progress through the desert. The battle was later described by Lt. John Mecca, a participant, as \"the last great tank battle of the 20th century.\" This battle took place several hours after another, smaller, tank battle at Al Busayyah.\n\nThe main U.S. unit in the battle was the 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment (2nd ACR), a 4,500 man reconnaissance and security element assigned to VII Corps. It consisted of three ground squadrons (1st, 2nd and 3rd), an attack helicopter squadron (4th), and a support squadron. Each ground squadron was made up of three cavalry troops, a tank company, a self-propelled howitzer battery, and a headquarters troop. Each troop comprised 120 soldiers, 12–13 M3 Bradley fighting vehicles and nine M1A1 Abrams main battle tanks. Task Force 1-41 Infantry breached the berm on the borders between Saudi Arabia and Iraq which was the initial Iraqi defensive position and performed reconnaissance and counter reconnaissance missions prior to the 2nd ACR's actions. This generally included destroying or repelling the Iraqis' reconnaissance elements and denying their commander any observation of friendly forces. The corps' main body consisted of the American 2nd Armored Division (Forward), 1st Armored Division (1st AD), 3rd Armored Division (3rd AD), 1st Infantry Division (1st ID), and the British 1st Armoured Division (1 AD).\n\nThe job of the 2nd ACR was to cross the border and advance east as a forward scouting element, led by cavalry scouts in lightly armored M3A1 Bradleys with highly advanced thermals to detect enemy positions. Following closely behind were M1A1 Abrams tanks covering them from the rear, ready to move forward and engage the enemy. Originally advancing ahead of the 3rd Armored Division until late on 25 February, they shifted to the east and ahead of the advancing 1st Infantry Division as it moved north from its initial objectives. The regiment's mission was to strip away enemy security forces, clear the way of significant defenses, and locate the Republican Guard's defensive positions so they could be engaged by the full weight of the armored forces and artillery of the 1st Infantry Division.\n\nOn the night of 23/24 February, in accordance with General Norman Schwarzkopf's plan for the ground assault called \"Operation Desert Sabre\", VII Corps raced east from Saudi Arabia into Iraq in a wide, sweeping maneuver later described by Schwarzkopf as a \"Hail Mary.\" The Corps had two goals: to cut off Iraqi retreat from Kuwait, and to destroy five elite Republican Guard divisions near the Iraq–Kuwait border that might attack the Arab and Marine units moving into Kuwait to the south. Initial Iraqi resistance was light and scattered after the breach, and the 2nd ACR fought only minor engagements until 25 February.\n\nThe primary battle was conducted by 2nd ACR's three squadrons of about 4,000 soldiers, along with the 1st Infantry Division's two leading brigades (2nd Armored Division), which attacked and destroyed the Iraqi 18th Mechanized Brigade and 37th Armored Brigade of the Tawakalna Division, each consisting of between 2,500 and 3,000 personnel.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1380511319,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-16T04:46:00Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_73_Easting","wikidata_qid":"Q1402530","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q37643","label":"Gulf War","id":"gulf-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"battle-of-medina-ridge","title":"Battle of Medina Ridge","date_start":"1991-02-27"},{"id":"battle-of-norfolk","title":"Battle of Norfolk","date_start":"1991-02-27"},{"id":"amiriyah-shelter-bombing","title":"Amiriyah shelter bombing","date_start":"1991-02-13"},{"id":"battle-of-khafji","title":"Battle of Khafji","date_start":"1991-01-29"},{"id":"1991-iraqi-missile-attacks-against-israel","title":"1991 Iraqi missile attacks against Israel","date_start":"1991-01-17"}]}},"iraqi-insurgency-2003-2011":{"extract":"The Iraqi insurgency lasted from 2003 until 2011, beginning shortly after the 2003 American invasion deposed longtime leader Saddam Hussein, and lasting until the end of the Iraq War and U.S. withdrawal in 2011. It was followed by a renewed insurgency.\n\nThe initial outbreak of violence (the 2003–2006 phase) was triggered by the fall and preceded the establishment of the new Iraqi government by the Multi-National Force – Iraq (MNF–I), which was led by the U.S. From around 2004 to May 2007, Iraqi insurgents largely focused their attacks on MNF-I troops, but later shifted to targeting the post-invasion Iraqi security forces as well.\n\nThe insurgents were composed of a diverse mix of private militias, pro-Saddam Ba'athists, local Iraqis opposed to the MNF–I and/or the post-Saddam Iraqi government, and a number of foreign jihadists. The various insurgent groups fought an asymmetric war of attrition against the MNF–I and the Iraqi government, while also fighting among themselves.\n\nThe insurgency was shaped by sectarian tensions in Iraq, particularly between Shia Muslims (~60% of the population) and Sunni Muslims (~35% of the population). By February 2006, the violence escalated into a Shia–Sunni civil war, and for the next two years, the MNF–I and the Iraqi government were locked in intense fighting with various militants, who were also targeting each other based on their sectarian affiliations. Many of the militant attacks in American-controlled territories were directed at the Shia-dominated government of Nouri al-Maliki. Militancy continued amid post-invasion Iraqi reconstruction efforts, as the federal government tried to establish itself in the country. The civil war and sectarian violence ended in mid-2008, having been quelled by the American troop surge of 2007.\n\nHowever, after the American withdrawal from Iraq in December 2011, a renewed sectarian and anti-government insurgency swept through the country, causing thousands of casualties. Two years later, the violence of the new insurgency escalated into the Second Iraq War, largely triggered by the rise of the Islamic State.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1381027300,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-19T15:05:31Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_insurgency_(2003%E2%80%932011)","wikidata_qid":"Q926905","wikidata_classes":["insurgency","rebellion"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"year","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q545449","label":"Iraq War","id":"iraq-war"}],"includes":[{"id":"iraqi-civil-war-2006-2008","title":"Iraqi civil war (2006–2008)","date_start":"2006-02-22"},{"id":"war-against-the-islamic-state","title":"War against the Islamic State","date_start":"2014-06-13"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"battle-of-baghdad-2003","title":"Battle of Baghdad (2003)","date_start":"2003-01-01"},{"id":"anbar-campaign-2003-2011","title":"Anbar campaign (2003–2011)","date_start":"2003-03-20"},{"id":"invasion-of-iraq","title":"2003 invasion of Iraq","date_start":"2003-03-20"},{"id":"capture-of-saddam-hussein","title":"Capture of Saddam Hussein","date_start":"2003-12-13"},{"id":"battle-of-najaf-2004","title":"Battle of Najaf (2004)","date_start":"2004-01-01"}]}},"battle-of-basra-2008":{"extract":"The Battle of Basra began on 25 March 2008, when the Iraqi Army launched an operation (code-named Saulat al-Fursan, meaning Operation Charge of the Knights in Arabic) to drive the Mahdi Army militia out of the southern Iraqi city of Basra. The operation was the first major operation to be planned and carried out by the Iraqi Army since the invasion of 2003.\n\nCoalition and Iraqi aircraft patrolled the skies above Basra providing intelligence and carrying out air strikes in support of Iraqi forces on the ground. Coalition forces provided embedded military transition teams (MiTTs) in Iraqi Army units and American special forces also conducted joint operations with ISOF units.\n\nIraqi forces faced heavy resistance from Mahdi Army militia inside the city and the offensive stalled, requiring American and British air and artillery support, eventually resulting in a stand-off. More than 1,000 casualties resulted in six days of heavy fighting.\n\nFollowing a ceasefire negotiated in Iran on 31 March, Muqtada al-Sadr withdrew his fighters from the streets, but had gained a major political victory. However, the Iraqi Army, reinforced with brigades from other parts of Iraq, including the 1st Division from al-Anbar, continued to carry out slower, more deliberate clearing operations in militia strongholds. The Hillah Special Weapons and Tactics Unit, as well as Iraqi Special Operations Forces (ISOF), carried out a number of targeted raids on militia leaders. By 20 April, the Iraqi Army had taken control of the last major district controlled by the Mahdi Army, and by 24 April, Iraqi forces claimed to be in full control of the city centre.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1380777478,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-17T20:36:24Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Basra_(2008)","wikidata_qid":"Q2888122","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q545449","label":"Iraq War","id":"iraq-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"nisour-square-massacre","title":"Nisour Square massacre","date_start":"2007-09-16"},{"id":"iraqi-civil-war-2006-2008","title":"Iraqi civil war (2006–2008)","date_start":"2006-02-22"},{"id":"second-battle-of-fallujah","title":"Second Battle of Fallujah","date_start":"2004-12-23"},{"id":"battle-of-samarra-2004","title":"Battle of Samarra (2004)","date_start":"2004-10-01"},{"id":"first-battle-of-fallujah","title":"First Battle of Fallujah","date_start":"2004-04-04"}],"same_time":[{"id":"operation-hot-winter","title":"Operation Hot Winter","date_start":"2008-03-03"},{"id":"2008-turkish-incursion-into-northern-iraq","title":"2008 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq","date_start":"2008-02-21"}]}},"zikim-attack":{"extract":"As part of the 7 October 2023 attack on Israel from the Gaza Strip, a military engagement took place near Zikim, Israel between Hamas militants and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). According to Haaretz, Hamas's goal was to capture Zikim's military training base. The Israeli navy prevented most Hamas militants from landing on the beach, although an estimated 11 militants landed from a vessel that went through. Fighting took place outside Zikim, at three military bases, and on the adjacent coastline. The garrison of the training base held out, but the other two bases were overrun, and a civilian security team prevented an incursion into the kibbutz. Hamas militants also carried out a massacre on the beach, killing 17 civilian beachgoers.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1378822093,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-06T08:57:22Z","data_fixes":[{"ref":"F8","anchor":"f8---four-more-month-precision-start-dates-pinned-to-the-1st-same-cause-as-f7"}],"wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zikim_attack","wikidata_qid":"Q123014721","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q122962941","label":"Gaza War","id":"2023-israel-hamas-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"battle-of-re-im","title":"Battle of Re'im","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"battle-of-sderot","title":"Battle of Sderot","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"gaza-genocide","title":"Gaza genocide","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"nahal-oz-attack","title":"Nahal Oz attack","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"october-7-attacks","title":"October 7 attacks","date_start":"2023-10-07"}],"nearby":[{"id":"netiv-haasara-massacre","title":"Netiv HaAsara massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07","km":4.4,"bearing":158},{"id":"2006-israeli-operation-in-beit-hanoun","title":"2006 Israeli operation in Beit Hanoun","date_start":"2006-11-08","km":7.8,"bearing":169},{"id":"attacks-on-jabalia-refugee-camp-2023-present","title":"Attacks on Jabalia refugee camp (2023–present)","date_start":"2023-10-01","km":8.2,"bearing":197},{"id":"2004-israeli-operation-in-the-northern-gaza-strip","title":"2004 Israeli operation in the northern Gaza Strip","date_start":"2004-09-29","km":8.3,"bearing":169},{"id":"al-shati-refugee-camp-airstrikes","title":"Al-Shati refugee camp airstrikes","date_start":"2023-10-12","km":11.1,"bearing":221}],"same_time":[{"id":"alumim-massacre","title":"Alumim massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"be-eri-massacre","title":"Be'eri massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"ein-hashlosha-massacre","title":"Ein HaShlosha massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"holit-attack","title":"Holit attack","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"kfar-aza-massacre","title":"Kfar Aza massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"}]}},"ankara-agreement":{"extract":"The Agreement Creating An Association Between The Republic of Turkey and the European Economic Community, commonly known as the Ankara Agreement (Turkish: Ankara Anlaşması), is a treaty signed in 1963 that provides for the framework for the co-operation between Turkey and the European Union (EU).","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1360483240,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-06-21T19:14:09Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankara_Agreement","wikidata_qid":"Q745136","wikidata_classes":["European Union Association Agreement","treaty"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false}},"1971-turkish-military-memorandum":{"extract":"The 1971 Turkish military memorandum (Turkish: 12 Mart Muhtırası), issued on 12 March that year, was the second military intervention to take place in the Republic of Turkey, coming 11 years after its 1960 predecessor. It is known as the \"coup by memorandum\", which the military delivered in lieu of sending out tanks, as it had done previously. The event came amid worsening domestic strife, but ultimately did little to halt this phenomenon.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370279638,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-20T04:58:21Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971_Turkish_military_memorandum","wikidata_qid":"Q931943","wikidata_classes":["coup d'état"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q7225137","label":"Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)","id":"political-violence-in-turkey-1976-1980"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"bloody-sunday-1969","title":"Bloody Sunday (1969)","date_start":"1969-02-16"}],"same_time":[{"id":"ramsar-convention","title":"Ramsar Convention","date_start":"1971-02-02"},{"id":"1970-syrian-coup-d-etat","title":"1970 Syrian coup d'etat","date_start":"1970-11-13"},{"id":"aeroflot-flight-244","title":"Aeroflot Flight 244","date_start":"1970-10-15"}]}},"battle-of-karbala-2003":{"extract":"The Battle of Karbala took place during the 2003 invasion of Iraq as U.S. troops fought to take control of the city from Iraqi forces. The city had been bypassed during the advance on Baghdad, leaving American units to clear it in two days of street fighting against Iraqi Saddam Fedayeen Irregular forces.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370444806,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-21T04:01:58Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Karbala_(2003)","wikidata_qid":"Q4178089","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q107802","label":"2003 invasion of Iraq","id":"invasion-of-iraq"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"battle-of-nasiriyah","title":"Battle of Nasiriyah","date_start":"2003-03-23"},{"id":"battle-of-najaf-2003","title":"Battle of Najaf (2003)","date_start":"2003-03-24"},{"id":"battle-of-basra-2003","title":"Battle of Basra (2003)","date_start":"2003-03-21"},{"id":"battle-of-umm-qasr","title":"Battle of Umm Qasr","date_start":"2003-03-21"},{"id":"battle-of-al-faw-2003","title":"Battle of Al Faw (2003)","date_start":"2003-03-20"}],"same_time":[{"id":"anbar-campaign-2003-2011","title":"Anbar campaign (2003–2011)","date_start":"2003-03-20"},{"id":"iraq-war","title":"Iraq War","date_start":"2003-03-20"},{"id":"iraqi-conflict","title":"Iraqi conflict","date_start":"2003-03-20"},{"id":"2003-israeli-legislative-election","title":"2003 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"2003-01-28"},{"id":"2002-turkish-general-election","title":"2002 Turkish general election","date_start":"2002-11-03"}]}},"operation-aspides":{"extract":"Operation Aspides, also known as European Union Naval Force (EUNAVFOR) Aspides, is an EU military operation in response to Houthi attacks with international shipping in the Red Sea. Named after the Greek word for shields (Greek: Ασπίδες), the EU describes Operation Aspides as a \"purely defensive\" mission to increase maritime surveillance in the region, provide escort to merchant vessels, and defend against strikes. The mission began in February 2024 and includes two or three ships deployed at any given time.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1371485935,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-26T18:59:31Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Aspides","wikidata_qid":"Q124618589","wikidata_classes":["military operation","European Union Naval Forces"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q123285238","label":"Red Sea crisis","id":"red-sea-crisis"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"operation-prosperity-guardian","title":"Operation Prosperity Guardian","date_start":"2023-12-18"},{"id":"march-may-2025-united-states-attacks-in-yemen","title":"March–May 2025 United States attacks in Yemen","date_start":"2025-03-15"}],"same_time":[{"id":"flour-massacre","title":"Flour Massacre","date_start":"2024-02-29"},{"id":"killing-of-hind-rajab","title":"Killing of Hind Rajab","date_start":"2024-01-29"},{"id":"tower-22-drone-attack","title":"Tower 22 drone attack","date_start":"2024-01-28"},{"id":"operation-marg-bar-sarmachar","title":"Operation Marg Bar Sarmachar","date_start":"2024-01-18"},{"id":"2024-iranian-missile-strikes-in-iraq-and-syria","title":"2024 Iranian missile strikes in Iraq and Syria","date_start":"2024-01-15"}]}},"nuseirat-rescue-and-massacre":{"extract":"On 8 June 2024, the Israel Defense Forces rescued four hostages from the Nuseirat refugee camp, and, during the operation, killed at least 276 Palestinians and injured over 698. Due to the high death toll, some sources have referred to the operation as a massacre, and one of the largest massacres of the Gaza war.\n\nDuring the operation, the Israeli military called in an intense air, sea, and ground attack. The operation successfully recovered four hostages taken during the October 7 attacks – Noa Argamani, Shlomi Ziv, Almog Meir Jan, and Andrey Kozlov—from two multi-story residential apartment buildings in Nuseirat, who were held there by Hamas. The operation also killed at least 274 Palestinians were killed in the camp, including 64 children and 57 women, with at least 698 people reported injured, according to the Gaza Health Ministry. One Israeli officer was seriously injured and later died from his injuries. According to Hamas, Israel also killed three hostages, including one who was a dual Israeli-American citizen, during the operation, Israel denied this.\n\nEU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell described the events as a \"bloodbath.\" The OHCHR said that both Israeli forces and Palestinian armed groups may have committed war crimes.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370659575,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-22T10:19:24Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuseirat_rescue_and_massacre","wikidata_qid":"Q126416493","wikidata_classes":["military operation","hostage-rescue mission"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"The title adopts the \"massacre\" label that the text itself attributes to \"some sources\"; the UN human rights office says both sides may have committed war crimes.","highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q122962941","label":"Gaza War","id":"2023-israel-hamas-war"},{"qid":"Q123005094","label":"Israel–Hamas war hostage crisis","id":"gaza-war-hostage-crisis"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"tel-al-sultan-attack","title":"Tel al-Sultan attack","date_start":"2024-05-26"},{"id":"july-2024-houthi-israel-attacks","title":"July 2024 Houthi–Israel attacks","date_start":"2024-07-20"},{"id":"majdal-shams-attack","title":"Majdal Shams attack","date_start":"2024-07-27"},{"id":"assassination-of-ismail-haniyeh","title":"Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh","date_start":"2024-07-31"},{"id":"april-2024-iranian-strikes-on-israel","title":"April 2024 Iranian strikes on Israel","date_start":"2024-04-13"}],"same_time":[{"id":"2024-iranian-presidential-election","title":"2024 Iranian presidential election","date_start":"2024-07-05"},{"id":"2024-syrian-parliamentary-election","title":"2024 Syrian parliamentary election","date_start":"2024-07-15"},{"id":"april-2024-israeli-strikes-on-iran","title":"April 2024 Israeli strikes on Iran","date_start":"2024-04-19"},{"id":"israeli-airstrike-on-the-iranian-consulate-in-damascus","title":"Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus","date_start":"2024-04-01"},{"id":"world-central-kitchen-aid-convoy-attack","title":"World Central Kitchen aid convoy attack","date_start":"2024-04-01"}]}},"june-2025-israeli-strikes-on-iran":{"extract":"This is a list of airstrikes and bombardments during the Twelve-Day War. The war began on 13 June 2025, when Israel attacked targets at more than a dozen locations across Iran. Under the codename Operation Rising Lion, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Mossad attacked key nuclear sites, military installations, and residential areas, including targeted assassinations of military and civilian personnel, many of whom were killed in their homes or in meetings. Beginning on the evening of 13 June, Iran initiated retaliatory strikes against Israel, under the codename Operation True Promise III. The operation consisted of ballistic missiles and drones targeting military sites, intelligence sites, and residential areas. Iran also threatened to target American, British, and French military bases if they provided assistance to Israel. On 22 June, the United States conducted Operation Midnight Hammer, which involved airstrikes on three Iranian nuclear facilities. Iran responded by attacking U.S. bases in Iraq and Qatar as part of Operation Glad Tidings of Victory.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1365905805,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-07-25T03:01:16Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_attacks_during_the_Twelve-Day_War","wikidata_qid":"Q134884640","wikidata_classes":["preemptive war","sabotage","airstrike","war"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":"List of attacks during the Twelve-Day War","date_precision":"month","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q134900605","label":"Twelve-Day War","id":"twelve-day-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"june-2025-iranian-strikes-on-israel","title":"June 2025 Iranian strikes on Israel","date_start":"2025-06-01"},{"id":"2025-united-states-strikes-on-iranian-nuclear-sites","title":"2025 United States strikes on Iranian nuclear sites","date_start":"2025-06-22"},{"id":"2025-iranian-strikes-on-al-udeid-air-base","title":"2025 Iranian strikes on Al Udeid Air Base","date_start":"2025-06-23"}]}},"western-desert-campaign":{"extract":"The Western Desert campaign (Desert War) took place in the deserts of Egypt and Libya and was the main theatre in the North African campaign of the Second World War. Military operations began in June 1940 with the Italian declaration of war and the Italian invasion of Egypt from Libya in September. Operation Compass, a five-day raid by the British in December 1940, was so successful that it led to the destruction of the Italian 10th Army (10ª Armata) over the following two months. Benito Mussolini sought help from Adolf Hitler, who sent a small German force to Tripoli under Directive 22 (11 January). The Afrika Korps (Generalleutnant Erwin Rommel) was formally under Italian command, as Italy was the main Axis power in the Mediterranean and North Africa.\n\nIn the spring of 1941, Rommel led Operation Sonnenblume, that pushed the Allies back to Egypt, except for the siege of Tobruk at the port. At the end of 1941, Axis forces were defeated in Operation Crusader and retired again to El Agheila. In early 1942 Axis forces drove the Allies back again, then captured Tobruk after the Battle of Gazala but failed to destroy their opponents. The Axis invaded Egypt and the Allies retreated to El Alamein, where the Eighth Army fought two defensive battles, then defeated the Axis forces in the Second Battle of El Alamein in October 1942. The Eighth Army drove Axis forces out of Libya to Tunisia, which was invaded from the west by the Allied First Army in Operation Torch. In the Tunisian campaign the remaining Axis forces surrendered to the combined Allied forces in May 1943.\n\nThe British Western Desert Force (renamed Cyrenaica Command (CYRCOM) and later the Eighth Army) had been reduced in early 1941 to send units to Greece, rather than complete the conquest of Libya, just as German troops and Italian reinforcements arrived. British Commonwealth and Empire troops released after the conclusion of the East Africa Campaign were sent to Egypt and by summer, the surviving Commonwealth troops had returned from Greece, Crete and Syria. From the end of 1941, increasing amounts of equipment and personnel, including US supplies and tanks, arrived for the Eighth Army. The Axis never overcame the supply constraints limiting the size of their land and air forces in North Africa and the desert war became a sideshow for Germany, when the expected quick conclusion of Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, was not achieved.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1380693442,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-17T08:12:30Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Desert_campaign","wikidata_qid":"Q625798","wikidata_classes":["military campaign","armed conflict"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q218678","label":"North African campaign"}],"includes":[{"id":"italian-invasion-of-egypt","title":"Italian invasion of Egypt","date_start":"1940-09-09"},{"id":"operation-brevity","title":"Operation Brevity","date_start":"1941-05-16"},{"id":"operation-skorpion","title":"Operation Skorpion","date_start":"1941-05-27"},{"id":"battle-of-mersa-matruh","title":"Battle of Mersa Matruh","date_start":"1942-06-29"},{"id":"first-battle-of-el-alamein","title":"First Battle of El Alamein","date_start":"1942-07-01"},{"id":"battle-of-alam-el-halfa","title":"Battle of Alam el Halfa","date_start":"1942-08-30"},{"id":"second-battle-of-el-alamein","title":"Second Battle of El Alamein","date_start":"1942-10-23"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"operation-compass","title":"Operation Compass","date_start":"1940-12-09"},{"id":"operation-crusader","title":"Operation Crusader","date_start":"1941-11-18"}],"same_time":[{"id":"mediterranean-and-middle-east-theatre-of-world-war-ii","title":"Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II","date_start":"1940-06-10"},{"id":"bombing-of-bahrain-in-world-war-ii","title":"Bombing of Bahrain in World War II","date_start":"1940-10-19"}]}},"ma-ale-akrabim-massacre":{"extract":"The Ma'ale Akrabim massacre, known in English as the Scorpions' Pass Massacre, was an attack on an Israeli passenger bus, carried out on 17 March 1954, in the middle of the day. Eleven passengers were shot dead by the attackers who ambushed and boarded the bus. One passenger died 32 years later of his injuries, in a state of paralysis and partial consciousness. Four passengers survived, two of whom had been injured by the gunmen.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1357137570,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-05-31T23:42:17Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma'ale_Akrabim_massacre","wikidata_qid":"Q2909804","wikidata_classes":["mass murder"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q30588303","label":"Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency"}],"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"negev-summit","title":"Negev Summit","date_start":"2022-03-27","km":32.6,"bearing":263},{"id":"2012-gaza-war","title":"2012 Gaza War","date_start":"2012-11-14","km":39,"bearing":227},{"id":"battle-of-beersheba-1917","title":"Battle of Beersheba (1917)","date_start":"1917-10-31","km":49.5,"bearing":320}],"same_time":[{"id":"qibya-massacre","title":"Qibya massacre","date_start":"1953-10-15"}]}},"2001-israeli-prime-ministerial-election":{"extract":"Prime ministerial elections were held in Israel on 6 February 2001 following the resignation of the incumbent Prime Minister Ehud Barak on 9 December 2000. Barak stood for re-election against Likud's Ariel Sharon.\n\nThe third and last prime ministerial elections (separate elections were scrapped before the next Knesset elections in 2003), they were the only ones not held alongside simultaneous Knesset elections.\n\nVoter turnout was 62%, the lowest turnout for any national election held in Israel. The low turnout was at least partially due to many Israeli Arabs boycotting the elections in protest at the October 2000 events in which thirteen Israeli Arabs were killed by the police. Other possible reasons are Sharon's massive lead in opinion polling, and the lack of enthusiasm among Barak supporters due to his perceived failings, notably, the failure of the 2000 Camp David talks with the Palestinians, and the \"turbine affair\" in which Barak yielded to the religious parties' pressure, violating previous promises.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1376321846,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-23T12:49:00Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Israeli_prime_ministerial_election","wikidata_qid":"Q2733907","wikidata_classes":["public election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"dolphinarium-discotheque-bombing","title":"Dolphinarium discotheque bombing","date_start":"2001-06-01"},{"id":"uss-cole-bombing","title":"USS Cole bombing","date_start":"2000-10-12"},{"id":"2001-iranian-presidential-election","title":"2001 Iranian presidential election","date_start":"2001-06-08"},{"id":"second-intifada","title":"Second Intifada","date_start":"2000-09-28"}]}},"july-12-2007-baghdad-airstrike":{"extract":"On July 12, 2007, a series of air-to-ground attacks were conducted by a team of two U.S. AH-64 Apache helicopters in Al-Amin al-Thaniyah, New Baghdad, during the Iraqi insurgency which followed the invasion of Iraq. On April 5, 2010, the attacks received worldwide coverage and controversy following the release of 39 minutes of classified gunsight footage by WikiLeaks. The video, which WikiLeaks titled Collateral Murder, showed the crew firing on a group of people and killing several of them, including two Reuters journalists, and then laughing at some of the casualties, all of whom were civilians. An anonymous U.S. military official confirmed the authenticity of the footage, which provoked global discussion on the legality and morality of the attacks.\n\nIn the first strike, the crews of two Apaches directed 30 mm cannon fire at a group of ten Iraqi men. Among the group were two Iraqi war correspondents working for Reuters, Saeed Chmagh and Namir Noor-Eldeen. Seven men (including Noor-Eldeen) were killed during this first strike; Chmagh, who was injured, died in the second strike.\n\nThe second strike, also using 30 mm rounds, was directed at a van whose driver, Saleh Matasher Tomal, drove by and helped the wounded Chmagh. Both Chmagh and Tomal were killed in the second strike, and two of Tomal's children were badly wounded.\n\nIn a third strike, Apache pilots watched people, including some armed men, run into a building and attacked the building with several AGM-114 Hellfire missiles.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1381098552,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-20T00:55:56Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_12%2C_2007%2C_Baghdad_airstrike","wikidata_qid":"Q1788040","wikidata_classes":["airstrike","armed conflict","bombardment"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"States that all of the casualties \"were civilians\" while later mentioning \"some armed men\" in the third strike, and leaves out the US military's own investigation and its position that the crew acted within the rules of engagement.","highlights":["all of whom were civilians"]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[{"text":"all of whom were civilians","kind":"fairness"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"canal-hotel-bombing","title":"Canal Hotel bombing","date_start":"2003-08-19","km":4.7,"bearing":298},{"id":"2010-baghdad-church-siege","title":"2010 Baghdad church siege","date_start":"2010-10-31","km":8,"bearing":265},{"id":"battle-of-baghdad-2003","title":"Battle of Baghdad (2003)","date_start":"2003-01-01","km":8.5,"bearing":271},{"id":"2016-karrada-bombing","title":"2016 Karrada bombing","date_start":"2016-07-03","km":8.7,"bearing":257},{"id":"january-2021-baghdad-bombings","title":"January 2021 Baghdad bombings","date_start":"2021-01-21","km":9.4,"bearing":282}],"same_time":[{"id":"2007-turkish-general-election","title":"2007 Turkish general election","date_start":"2007-07-22"},{"id":"battle-of-gaza-2007","title":"Battle of Gaza (2007)","date_start":"2007-06-10"},{"id":"qahtaniyah-bombings","title":"Qahtaniyah bombings","date_start":"2007-08-14"},{"id":"2007-syrian-presidential-election","title":"2007 Syrian presidential election","date_start":"2007-05-27"},{"id":"2007-turkish-presidential-election","title":"2007 Turkish presidential election","date_start":"2007-08-28"}]}}}