{"battle-of-bulair":{"extract":"The Battle of Bulair (Bulgarian: Битка при Була\n\nир, Turkish: Bolayır Muharebesi) took place on 8 February 1913 (O.S. 26 January 1913) between the Bulgarian Seventh Rila Infantry Division under General Georgi Todorov and the Ottoman 27th Infantry Division. The result was a Bulgarian victory. Lack of communication between the Ottoman Vanguard and their landing force and stubbornness of Enver Pasha against the combined criticism from officers Ali Fethi and Mustafa Kemal against his plans costed the Ottoman 27th Brigade their full offensive capabilities. As a result, Ottoman Army could not conduct any further large-scale offensives to relieve the Siege of Edirne.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370673312,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-22T12:43:09Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bulair","wikidata_qid":"Q842670","wikidata_classes":["battle"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"Calls Enver Pasha's decision \"stubbornness\" without attributing the judgement.","highlights":["stubbornness"]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[{"text":"stubbornness","kind":"fairness"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q177918","label":"First Balkan War"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"battle-of-elli","title":"Battle of Elli","date_start":"1912-12-16"},{"id":"first-battle-of-catalca","title":"First Battle of Çatalca","date_start":"1912-11-17"},{"id":"siege-of-adrianople-1912-1913","title":"Siege of Adrianople (1912–1913)","date_start":"1912-11-03"},{"id":"battle-of-lule-burgas","title":"Battle of Lule Burgas","date_start":"1912-10-28"}],"same_time":[{"id":"balkan-wars","title":"Balkan Wars","date_start":"1912-10-08"}]}},"2004-israeli-operation-in-the-northern-gaza-strip":{"extract":"The 2004 Israeli operation in the northern Gaza Strip took place when the Israel Defense Forces launched Operation \"Days of Penitence\" (Hebrew: מבצע ימי תשובה), otherwise known as Operation \"Days of Repentance\" in the northern Gaza Strip. The operation lasted between 29 September and 16 October 2004. About 130 Palestinians, and 1 Israeli were killed.\n\nThe operation focused on the town of Beit Hanoun and Beit Lahia and Jabalia refugee camps, which were said to have been used as launching sites of Qassam rockets on the Israeli town of Sderot and Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip, and in particular in response to the death of two children in Sderot. The operation's name corresponds to the Hebrew name for the High Holiday season during which the operation was carried out.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1371752751,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-28T06:59:33Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Israeli_operation_in_the_northern_Gaza_Strip","wikidata_qid":"Q2303566","wikidata_classes":["military operation"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q8669","label":"Arab–Israeli conflict","id":"arab-israeli-conflict"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"2004-israeli-operation-in-rafah","title":"2004 Israeli operation in Rafah","date_start":"2004-05-12"},{"id":"2006-lebanon-war","title":"2006 Lebanon War","date_start":"2006-07-12"},{"id":"israeli-lebanese-conflict","title":"Israeli–Lebanese conflict","date_start":"2000-01-01"},{"id":"operation-grapes-of-wrath","title":"Operation Grapes of Wrath","date_start":"1996-04-27"},{"id":"operation-accountability","title":"Operation Accountability","date_start":"1993-07-25"}],"nearby":[{"id":"2006-israeli-operation-in-beit-hanoun","title":"2006 Israeli operation in Beit Hanoun","date_start":"2006-11-08","km":0.4,"bearing":337},{"id":"netiv-haasara-massacre","title":"Netiv HaAsara massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07","km":4,"bearing":1},{"id":"attacks-on-jabalia-refugee-camp-2023-present","title":"Attacks on Jabalia refugee camp (2023–present)","date_start":"2023-10-01","km":4,"bearing":274},{"id":"kfar-aza-massacre","title":"Kfar Aza massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07","km":5.7,"bearing":185},{"id":"killing-of-alon-shamriz-yotam-haim-and-samer-talalka","title":"Killing of Alon Shamriz, Yotam Haim, and Samer Talalka","date_start":"2023-12-15","km":7.6,"bearing":240}],"same_time":[{"id":"battle-of-samarra-2004","title":"Battle of Samarra (2004)","date_start":"2004-10-01"},{"id":"2004-sinai-bombings","title":"2004 Sinai bombings","date_start":"2004-10-07"},{"id":"second-battle-of-fallujah","title":"Second Battle of Fallujah","date_start":"2004-12-23"},{"id":"2004-istanbul-nato-summit","title":"2004 Istanbul NATO summit","date_start":"2004-06-28"},{"id":"2005-palestinian-presidential-election","title":"2005 Palestinian presidential election","date_start":"2005-01-09"}]}},"siege-of-hama-2011":{"extract":"The 2011 siege of Hama was among the many nationwide crackdowns by the Syrian government during the Syrian revolution, the early stage of the Syrian civil war. Anti-government protests had been ongoing in the Syrian city of Hama since 15 March 2011, when large protests were first reported in the city, similar to the protests elsewhere in Syria. The events beginning in July 2011 were described by anti-government activists in the city as a \"siege\" or \"blockade\".\n\nOn 1 July, with more than 400,000 protestors, Hama witnessed the largest demonstration against President Bashar al-Assad. Two days later, government tanks were deployed at Hama, in an operation that led to more than 16 civilian deaths at the hands of Syrian security forces.\n\nOn 31 July, the Syrian government deployed the Syrian Army into Hama to control protests on the eve of Ramadan, as part of a nationwide crackdown, nicknamed the \"Ramadan Massacre.\" At least 142 people across Syria died on that day, including over 100 in Hama alone, and 29 in Deir ez-Zor. Hundreds more were wounded. By 4 August, more than 200 civilians had been killed in Hama.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1368287862,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-08T04:49:48Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Hama_(2011)","wikidata_qid":"Q3139131","wikidata_classes":["siege"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"month","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"1982-hama-massacre","title":"1982 Hama massacre","date_start":"1982-01-01","km":0.4,"bearing":180},{"id":"houla-massacre","title":"Houla massacre","date_start":"2012-05-25","km":35.1,"bearing":218},{"id":"khan-shaykhun-chemical-attack","title":"Khan Shaykhun chemical attack","date_start":"2017-04-04","km":35.8,"bearing":346},{"id":"2023-homs-drone-strike","title":"2023 Homs drone strike","date_start":"2023-10-05","km":42.7,"bearing":188},{"id":"2024-homs-offensive","title":"2024 Homs offensive","date_start":"2024-12-05","km":44.6,"bearing":184}]}},"2015-beirut-bombings":{"extract":"On 12 November 2015, two suicide bombers attacked Bourj el-Barajneh, a southern suburb of Beirut, Lebanon, that is inhabited mostly by Shia Muslims. Reports of the number of fatalities concluded that 43 people died directly from the detonation. Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) claimed responsibility for the attacks.\n\nThe bombings were the worst terrorist attack in Beirut since the end of the Lebanese Civil War. They came twelve days after the bombing of a Russian airliner over the Sinai Peninsula that killed 224 people and a day before attacks in Paris that killed 137. ISIL claimed responsibility for these attacks as well.\n\nAround 48 hours after the attack, Internal Security Forces arrested eleven people, mostly Syrians, over the attack. It later announced the arrest of two other Syrian and Lebanese suspects. They were arrested in a Palestinian refugee camp located in Burj al-Barajneh and a flat in the capital's eastern district of Achrafieh, which had allegedly been used to prepare the explosive belts. The initial plan was apparently to send five suicide bombers to a hospital in the neighbourhood, but heavy security forced them to change the target to a densely populated area.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1374399716,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-11T20:54:21Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Beirut_bombings","wikidata_qid":"Q21470354","wikidata_classes":["suicide attack","bomb attack","terrorist attack"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":true,"findings":[{"guideline":"LABEL","guideline_name":"Contentious labels","shortcut":"MOS:LABEL","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AManual_of_Style%2FWords_to_watch&oldid=1376702503#Contentious_labels","phrase":"the worst terrorist attack in Beirut","note":"Uses \"terrorist\" for the bombings in Wikipedia's own voice, without saying who uses the label."}],"highlights":["the worst terrorist attack in Beirut"]},"highlights":[{"text":"the worst terrorist attack in Beirut","kind":"wording"}],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q130714","label":"Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon","id":"syrian-civil-war-spillover-in-lebanon"}],"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"2024-hezbollah-headquarters-strike","title":"2024 Hezbollah headquarters strike","date_start":"2024-09-27","km":0.3,"bearing":9},{"id":"assassination-of-saleh-al-arouri","title":"Assassination of Saleh al-Arouri","date_start":"2024-01-02","km":1.4,"bearing":46},{"id":"sabra-and-shatila-massacre","title":"Sabra and Shatila massacre","date_start":"1982-09-16","km":1.7,"bearing":344},{"id":"1983-beirut-barracks-bombings","title":"1983 Beirut barracks bombings","date_start":"1983-10-23","km":2.3,"bearing":200},{"id":"2021-beirut-clashes","title":"2021 Beirut clashes","date_start":"2021-10-14","km":2.7,"bearing":22}],"same_time":[{"id":"november-2015-turkish-general-election","title":"November 2015 Turkish general election","date_start":"2015-11-01"},{"id":"2015-russian-sukhoi-su-24-shootdown","title":"2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown","date_start":"2015-11-24"},{"id":"metrojet-flight-9268","title":"Metrojet Flight 9268","date_start":"2015-10-31"},{"id":"2015-saudi-arabian-municipal-elections","title":"2015 Saudi Arabian municipal elections","date_start":"2015-12-12"},{"id":"2015-ankara-bombings","title":"2015 Ankara bombings","date_start":"2015-10-10"}]}},"operation-olive-branch":{"extract":"Operation Olive Branch (Turkish: Zeytin Dalı Harekâtı) was an invasion by the Turkish Armed Forces and Syrian National Army (SNA) in the Kurdish-majority Afrin District of northwest Syria, against the People's Protection Units (YPG) of the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF). The air war and use of major artillery ended as the Arab and Turkmen militias of the SNA entered the city of Afrin on 18 March 2018.\n\nBetween 395 and 510 civilians were reported killed in the invasion. Other reported war crimes include the mutilation of a female corpse by SNA fighters, the killing of civilians due to indiscriminate shelling by Turkish forces, the alleged use of chemical gas by the Turkish Army, and the indiscriminate shooting of refugees fleeing from the conflict area into Turkey by the Gendarmerie General Command.\n\nIn Turkey, the government issued restrictions on press coverage, with Reporters Without Borders noting that the Turkish media was expected to be in \"service of the government and its war goals\". Hundreds of people were arrested for demonstrating against the invasion, and over 800 social media users and nearly 100 politicians and journalists were arrested for criticizing it. Turkish police also arrested numerous leaders and high-ranking members of pro-Kurdish and left-wing political parties. The use of the term 'olive branch' (a traditional symbol of peace) in the operation's name has been criticised as Orwellian and a \"mockery\".\n\nThe Syrian Observatory for Human Rights estimates that a total of 300,000 Kurdish people have been displaced. In the aftermath of the conflict, Turkish forces implemented a resettlement policy by moving refugees from Eastern Ghouta into the newly-empty homes. Many houses, farms, and other private property belonging to those that fled the conflict have been seized or looted by the SNA. In a study of 24 key informants from Afrin, all reported loss of housing, land or property following Operation Olive Branch. Although Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan said that the operation in Afrin would be followed by a push to the town of Manbij, which the US-backed SDF captured from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) in 2016, Turkish forces stopped a few kilometres short of the town.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1380965919,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-19T03:09:12Z","data_fixes":[{"ref":"F2","anchor":"f2---operation-olive-branch-date_start-2019-08-09-vs-the-articles-2018-operation-olive-branch-q47465940"}],"wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Olive_Branch","wikidata_qid":"Q47465940","wikidata_classes":["battle","military operation"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":true,"note":"Lists war crimes and arrests of critics but leaves out Turkey's stated reason (that it considers the YPG an arm of the PKK).","highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q18208094","label":"Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war","id":"turkish-involvement-in-the-syrian-civil-war"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"2019-turkish-offensive-into-northeastern-syria","title":"2019 Turkish offensive into northeastern Syria","date_start":"2019-01-01"},{"id":"suruc-bombing","title":"Suruç bombing","date_start":"2015-07-20"}],"nearby":[{"id":"2013-reyhanl-car-bombings","title":"2013 Reyhanlı car bombings","date_start":"2013-05-11","km":38.2,"bearing":225},{"id":"2017-aleppo-suicide-car-bombing","title":"2017 Aleppo suicide car bombing","date_start":"2017-04-15","km":41.6,"bearing":156},{"id":"battle-of-aleppo-2012-2016","title":"Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)","date_start":"2012-07-19","km":42.3,"bearing":141},{"id":"battle-of-aleppo-2024","title":"Battle of Aleppo (2024)","date_start":"2024-01-01","km":42.3,"bearing":141}],"same_time":[{"id":"february-2018-israel-syria-incident","title":"February 2018 Israel–Syria incident","date_start":"2018-02-10"},{"id":"2017-2018-iranian-protests","title":"2017–2018 Iranian protests","date_start":"2017-12-28"},{"id":"iranian-protests-against-compulsory-hijab","title":"Iranian protests against compulsory hijab","date_start":"2017-12-27"},{"id":"iraqi-insurgency-2017-present","title":"Iraqi insurgency (2017–present)","date_start":"2017-12-09"},{"id":"united-states-recognition-of-jerusalem-as-the-capital-of-israel","title":"United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel","date_start":"2017-12-06"}]}},"2020-aden-airport-attack":{"extract":"On 30 December 2020, a plane carrying members of the recently formed Yemeni government landed at Aden International Airport in the southwest of Yemen. As passengers disembarked, there were explosions and gunfire, leaving 28 people dead and 107 others injured. None of the passengers were hurt in the attack and the Yemeni cabinet members were quickly transported to Mashiq Palace for safety.\n\nThe airport attack allegedly led the Houthis, suspected of carrying out the attack, to be designated as a United States Foreign Terrorist Organization, a move human rights activists argued would worsen famine in Yemen. The designation went into effect the day before U.S. President Joe Biden was sworn in, whose administration revoked the designation about four weeks later.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-01","wikipedia_revid":1377034490,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-09-27T15:53:38Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Aden_airport_attack","wikidata_qid":"Q104585205","wikidata_classes":["bomb attack","mass shooting","terrorist attack"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q19686631","label":"Yemeni Civil War","id":"yemeni-civil-war-2014-present"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"2022-abu-dhabi-attack","title":"2022 Abu Dhabi attack","date_start":"2022-01-17"},{"id":"red-sea-crisis","title":"Red Sea crisis","date_start":"2023-10-19"},{"id":"2026-yemen-offensives","title":"2026 Yemen offensives","date_start":"2026-09-03"},{"id":"houthi-saudi-conflict","title":"Houthi–Saudi conflict","date_start":"2015-04-02"},{"id":"saudi-arabian-led-intervention-in-yemen","title":"Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war","date_start":"2015-03-26"}],"nearby":[{"id":"uss-cole-bombing","title":"USS Cole bombing","date_start":"2000-10-12","km":4.2,"bearing":232}],"same_time":[{"id":"january-2021-baghdad-bombings","title":"January 2021 Baghdad bombings","date_start":"2021-01-21"},{"id":"2020-g20-riyadh-summit","title":"2020 G20 Riyadh summit","date_start":"2020-11-21"},{"id":"operation-claw-eagle-2","title":"Operation Claw-Eagle 2","date_start":"2021-02-10"},{"id":"2021-israeli-legislative-election","title":"2021 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"2021-03-23"},{"id":"iran-china-25-year-cooperation-program","title":"Iran–China 25-year Cooperation Program","date_start":"2021-03-27"}]}},"be-eri-massacre":{"extract":"During the October 7 attacks on Israel, Hamas militants carried out a massacre at Be'eri, a kibbutz near the Gaza Strip. Hundreds of Gazan militants and civilian looters attacked the kibbutz, killing and abducting civilians while facing resistance from armed residents. Israeli security forces regained control by the evening of 8 October. A total of 101 Israeli civilians and 31 security personnel were killed and 32 hostages were taken from the kibbutz. At least 100 Gazan militants were also killed and 18 were captured by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and the kibbutz security force.\n\nAmong the civilians killed were women (such as peace activist Vivian Silver), children, and one infant, claiming the lives of 10% of the farming community's residents. A total of 125 homes in the community were damaged or destroyed. Among the dead were twelve-year-old fraternal twins Liel and Yanai Hetzroni, whose father stated that the Hamas terrorists had come to the kibbutz only \"to kill, murder, maim Jewish children, babies, parents and old people, all because they lived in the Jewish homeland.\"\n\nThis incident occurred concurrently with a series of other Palestinian attacks on Israel, including the Netiv HaAsara, Kfar Aza, and Nova music festival massacres. Several newspapers described the massacre as an act of terrorism, with CNN describing it as \"the symbol of Hamas' brutality.\"","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1380680692,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-17T06:15:17Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Be'eri_massacre","wikidata_qid":"Q122987665","wikidata_classes":["massacre","terrorist attack"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikipedia","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q122969980","label":"stand-off in Be'eri and Ofakim"},{"qid":"Q122976243","label":"October 7 attacks","id":"october-7-attacks"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"alumim-massacre","title":"Alumim massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"ein-hashlosha-massacre","title":"Ein HaShlosha massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"holit-attack","title":"Holit attack","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"kfar-aza-massacre","title":"Kfar Aza massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"kissufim-massacre","title":"Kissufim massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07"}],"nearby":[{"id":"nova-music-festival-massacre","title":"Nova music festival massacre","date_start":"2023-10-07","km":3.4,"bearing":211},{"id":"nahal-oz-attack","title":"Nahal Oz attack","date_start":"2023-10-07","km":5.5,"bearing":7},{"id":"first-battle-of-gaza","title":"First Battle of Gaza","date_start":"1917-03-26","km":7.4,"bearing":348},{"id":"second-battle-of-gaza","title":"Second Battle of Gaza","date_start":"1917-04-17","km":7.4,"bearing":348},{"id":"third-battle-of-gaza","title":"Third Battle of Gaza","date_start":"1917-11-01","km":7.4,"bearing":348}],"same_time":[{"id":"2023-israel-hamas-war","title":"Gaza war","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"battle-of-re-im","title":"Battle of Re'im","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"battle-of-sderot","title":"Battle of Sderot","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"gaza-genocide","title":"Gaza genocide","date_start":"2023-10-07"},{"id":"kidnapping-and-killing-of-the-bibas-family","title":"Kidnapping and murder of the Bibas family","date_start":"2023-10-07"}]}},"1912-ottoman-coup-d-etat":{"extract":"The 1912 Ottoman coup d'état (17 July 1912) was a coup by military memorandum in the Ottoman Empire against the Committee of Union and Progress by a group of military officers calling themselves the Saviour Officers (Ottoman Turkish: Halâskâr Zâbitân) during the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire. The coup occurred in the context of increasing distrust in the CUP's political agenda, the fallout of the Italo-Turkish War, and rising political polarization.\n\nIn late 1911, anti-CUP opposition consolidated into the Freedom and Accord Party, and both sides sought to abuse the constitution for their own gain. After the CUP's election victory in the 1912 election, widely deemed fraudulent, Freedom and Accord members recruited army officers serving in Albania to their cause in protest. They organized themselves into the Saviour Officers, which are often referred to as the military wing of the Freedom and Accord Party. By the summer of 1912, the pro-CUP Grand Vizier Said Pasha resigned under Savior Officer pressure, completing the coup.\n\nSaid Pasha turned over the premiership to Ahmed Muhtar Pasha's non-partisan Great Cabinet. With his resignation due to the First Balkan War, Kâmil Pasha's anti-CUP ministry came to power, until the CUP violently returned to power on 23 January 1913, with the Raid on the Sublime Porte.\n\nThe coup was one of the central events of the politically volatile 1912–13 years, which saw political instability due to the power struggle between the CUP and Freedom and Accord, as well as the newly sparked Balkan Wars.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-09-26","wikipedia_revid":1370504328,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-08-21T14:05:34Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1912_Ottoman_coup_d'%C3%A9tat","wikidata_qid":"Q7428332","wikidata_classes":["coup d'état"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"balkan-wars","title":"Balkan Wars","date_start":"1912-10-08"},{"id":"battle-of-lule-burgas","title":"Battle of Lule Burgas","date_start":"1912-10-28"},{"id":"siege-of-adrianople-1912-1913","title":"Siege of Adrianople (1912–1913)","date_start":"1912-11-03"},{"id":"first-battle-of-catalca","title":"First Battle of Çatalca","date_start":"1912-11-17"},{"id":"battle-of-beirut-1912","title":"Battle of Beirut (1912)","date_start":"1912-02-24"}]}},"2024-lebanon-electronic-device-attacks":{"extract":"On 17 and 18 September 2024, thousands of handheld pagers and hundreds of walkie-talkies intended for use by Hezbollah exploded simultaneously in two separate events across Lebanon and Syria, in an Israeli attack nicknamed Operation Grim Beeper. According to an unnamed Hezbollah official, the attack took 1,500 Hezbollah fighters out of action due to injuries. According to the Lebanese government, the attack killed 42 people, including at least 12 civilians, and injured 4,000 civilians (according to Mustafa Bairam, Minister of Labour and a member of Hezbollah). Victims had injuries including losing fingers, hands, and eyes, as well as brain shrapnel. The incident was described as Hezbollah's biggest security breach since the start of the Israel–Hezbollah conflict in October 2023.\n\nThe first wave of explosions on 17 September targeted pagers, killing at least 12 people, including two Hezbollah members and two children, and wounding more than 2,750, including Iran's ambassador to Lebanon. The second wave on 18 September targeted Icom walkie-talkies, killing at least 30 people and injuring over 750. The 150 hospitals across Lebanon that received victims of the explosions experienced chaotic scenes. UN human rights experts condemned the attacks as potential war crimes, stating that while some victims may not have been civilians, the indiscriminate nature of the simultaneous explosions violated international law and the right to life. Some Hezbollah members who carried the pagers were not part of the organization's military wing.\n\nThe attack was planned over a ten-year span. Seven months before the explosions, Hezbollah's secretary-general Hassan Nasrallah instructed the group's members to use pagers instead of cell phones, claiming Israel had infiltrated their cell phone network. About five months before the explosions, Hezbollah purchased Gold Apollo AR-924 pagers. The Israeli intelligence agency Mossad had secretly manufactured and integrated the explosive PETN into the devices, and sold them to Hezbollah through a shell company. Responding to the attacks, Nasrallah described the explosions as a \"major blow\" and labeled them an act of war, possibly a declaration of war by Israel. Initially Israel neither denied nor confirmed a role, but in November 2024 Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu confirmed Israeli responsibility. Some commentators described the operation as \"sophisticated\", an \"extraordinary feat of espionage\", and the \"most precise anti-terrorist attack\" ever conducted.\n\nFollowing the explosions, Israeli defence minister Yoav Gallant announced a \"new phase\" of the war in northern Israel and Lebanon had begun. Hezbollah vowed retaliation, launching a rocket attack on northern Israel a few days later that struck cities such as Nazareth and Kiryat Bialik, injuring several civilians. Ten days after the device explosions, Israel killed Nasrallah in an airstrike in Beirut. On 1 October 2024, Israel launched a new ground invasion into Southern Lebanon, marking the sixth invasion of Lebanon since 1978. On 27 November, a ceasefire agreement between Israel and Lebanon went into effect, although some attacks continued.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-01","wikipedia_revid":1381300697,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-21T12:48:22Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Lebanon_electronic_device_attacks","wikidata_qid":"Q130314422","wikidata_classes":["group","security breach","terrorist attack","offensive","bomb attack","counter-terrorism"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":"Shown as \"terrorism\" because Wikidata types this Israeli operation as a terrorist attack (and also as counter-terrorism). The summary quotes both UN experts and commentators who called it an anti-terrorist operation. Our category follows Wikidata's type without judging it.","data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"part_of":[{"qid":"Q122974556","label":"Hezbollah–Israel conflict (2023–present)","id":"2024-israel-hezbollah-conflict"},{"qid":"Q8669","label":"Arab–Israeli conflict","id":"arab-israeli-conflict"}],"related":{"shared_parent":[{"id":"20-september-2024-beirut-attack","title":"20 September 2024 Beirut attack","date_start":"2024-09-20"},{"id":"september-2024-israeli-attacks-against-lebanon","title":"September 2024 Israeli attacks against Lebanon","date_start":"2024-09-23"},{"id":"2024-hezbollah-headquarters-strike","title":"2024 Hezbollah headquarters strike","date_start":"2024-09-27"},{"id":"2024-lebanon-war","title":"2024 Lebanon war","date_start":"2024-10-01"},{"id":"majdal-shams-attack","title":"Majdal Shams attack","date_start":"2024-07-27"}],"same_time":[{"id":"october-2024-iranian-strikes-on-israel","title":"October 2024 Iranian strikes on Israel","date_start":"2024-10-01"},{"id":"killing-of-yahya-sinwar","title":"Killing of Yahya Sinwar","date_start":"2024-10-16"},{"id":"turkish-aerospace-industries-headquarters-attack","title":"Turkish Aerospace Industries headquarters attack","date_start":"2024-10-23"},{"id":"october-2024-israeli-strikes-on-iran","title":"October 2024 Israeli strikes on Iran","date_start":"2024-10-26"},{"id":"assassination-of-ismail-haniyeh","title":"Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh","date_start":"2024-07-31"}]}},"1988-israeli-legislative-election":{"extract":"Legislative elections were held in Israel on 1 November 1988. Voter turnout was 80%.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1379921032,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-12T18:02:12Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988_Israeli_legislative_election","wikidata_qid":"Q2917001","wikidata_classes":["Israeli legislative election","public election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"palestinian-declaration-of-independence","title":"Palestinian Declaration of Independence","date_start":"1988-11-15"},{"id":"operation-mersad","title":"Operation Mersad","date_start":"1988-07-26"},{"id":"iran-air-flight-655","title":"Iran Air Flight 655","date_start":"1988-07-03"}]}},"2002-turkish-general-election":{"extract":"General elections were held in Turkey on 3 November 2002 following the collapse of the Democratic Left Party–Nationalist Movement Party–Motherland Party coalition led by Bülent Ecevit. All 550 members of the Grand National Assembly were up for election.\n\nThe elections were held during an ongoing economic crisis that followed the 2001 financial crash, which resulted in a deep resentment of coalition governments which had governed the country since the 1980 military coup. The Justice and Development Party (AKP) and Republican People's Party (CHP) between them made massive gains, winning 98.36% of the seats between them. As a result, Turkey moved from the multi-party parliament under a coalition government formed after the 1999 elections to a two-party parliament ruled by an AKP government. No other party won any seats and only nine independents were elected to the parliament.\n\nThe AKP, which had only been formed in August 2001 by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, won the election, securing nearly two-thirds of the seats (363 seats won with 34% of the vote). The only other party to pass the 10% threshold to gain representation in parliament was the CHP, which came second (178 seats secured from 19.38% of the vote). The election produced Turkey's first single party government since 1987 and the country's first two-party parliament since 1961.\n\nThe moderate Islamism advocated by the AKP was at odds with the secular establishment of the Republic of Turkey. While serving as the Mayor of Istanbul, Erdoğan had been sentenced to a 10-month prison term in 1998 for reciting a poem in Siirt for which he was accused of inciting racial intolerance. This initially barred him from seeking a seat in parliament, meaning that the AKP's co-founder Abdullah Gül became the first AKP Prime Minister following their election victory. With the help of the CHP, the government overturned Erdoğan's political ban in 2003, after which he was able to seek a seat in a controversial by-election in the Province of Siirt. Erdoğan became Prime Minister in March 2003, with Abdullah Gül assuming the roles of Foreign Minister and Deputy Prime Minister.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1379038893,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-07T15:06:22Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Turkish_general_election","wikidata_qid":"Q1858615","wikidata_classes":["legislative election in Turkey","public election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"2002-iraqi-presidential-referendum","title":"2002 Iraqi presidential referendum","date_start":"2002-10-16"},{"id":"2003-israeli-legislative-election","title":"2003 Israeli legislative election","date_start":"2003-01-28"},{"id":"anbar-campaign-2003-2011","title":"Anbar campaign (2003–2011)","date_start":"2003-03-20"},{"id":"battle-of-al-faw-2003","title":"Battle of Al Faw (2003)","date_start":"2003-03-20"},{"id":"invasion-of-iraq","title":"2003 invasion of Iraq","date_start":"2003-03-20"}]}},"2003-istanbul-bombings":{"extract":"The 2003 Istanbul bombings were a series of suicide attacks carried out with trucks fitted with bombs detonated at four locations in Istanbul, Turkey, on 15 and 20 November 2003.\n\nOn 15 November, two truck bombs were detonated, one in front of the Bet Israel Synagogue in Şişli at around 9:30 a.m. local time (UTC+2.00) and another in front of the Neve Shalom Synagogue in Beyoğlu at around 9:34 a.m. As a result of these bombings, 28 people died, included the attackers, and more than 300 people were wounded. Five days after the first attacks, on 20 November, two attacks were perpetrated against the British Consulate General at around 10:55 a.m. and the HSBC General Headquarters in Beşiktaş at around 11:00 a.m., again using truck bombs. In the second round of attacks, 31 people lost their lives and more than 450 were injured. In total, 59 people died, including the four suicide bombers, and more than 750 were wounded in the bombings.\n\nInvestigations launched in the wake of the attacks determined that Al-Qaeda had orchestrated the bombings. The criminal case that began with 69 defendants and, with additions, included 76 defendants in February 2004 regarding the attacks concluded in April 2007 with the sentencing of 49 defendants, of whom seven were sentenced to life in prison, to various periods of incarceration. Some of the figures allegedly from the upper echelons of the militant organization fled to Iraq after the attacks and died there, while a portion were captured by security forces. After a retrial held because the Court of Cassation reversed some of the verdicts delivered in the initial trial, 16 defendants were not sentenced to prison.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1379645286,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-11T03:26:43Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_Istanbul_bombings","wikidata_qid":"Q1254917","wikidata_classes":["suicide attack"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":"wikidata","text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"month","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"nearby":[{"id":"march-2016-istanbul-bombing","title":"March 2016 Istanbul bombing","date_start":"2016-03-19","km":1.2,"bearing":38},{"id":"2022-istanbul-bombing","title":"2022 Istanbul bombing","date_start":"2022-11-13","km":1.2,"bearing":39},{"id":"istanbul-pogrom","title":"Istanbul pogrom","date_start":"1955-09-06","km":1.6,"bearing":43},{"id":"bloody-sunday-1969","title":"Bloody Sunday (1969)","date_start":"1969-02-16","km":1.6,"bearing":44},{"id":"june-2016-istanbul-bombing","title":"June 2016 Istanbul bombing","date_start":"2016-06-07","km":2,"bearing":222}]}},"2025-iraqi-parliamentary-election":{"extract":"Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq on 11 November 2025. The elections determined the 329 members of Iraq's Council of Representatives, who are responsible for electing the country's president, who would then appoint the prime minister.","extract_retrieved_at":"2026-10-06","wikipedia_revid":1378349061,"wikipedia_revid_timestamp":"2026-10-04T02:38:08Z","wikipedia_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_Iraqi_parliamentary_election","wikidata_qid":"Q110160763","wikidata_classes":["Iraqi parliamentary election","public election"],"date_flags":[],"wikipedia_lead_dates":[],"coordinate_source":null,"text_from_article":null,"date_precision":"day","framing_review":{"fairness":{"found":false,"note":null,"highlights":[]},"wording":{"found":false,"findings":[],"highlights":[]},"highlights":[],"category_note":null,"data_note":null,"disclosure":null,"reviewed_on":"2026-09-30","stale":false},"related":{"same_time":[{"id":"2025-2026-southern-yemen-campaign","title":"2025–2026 southern Yemen campaign","date_start":"2025-12-02"},{"id":"gaza-peace-summit","title":"Gaza peace summit","date_start":"2025-10-13"},{"id":"2025-syrian-parliamentary-election","title":"2025 Syrian parliamentary election","date_start":"2025-10-05"},{"id":"2025-2026-iran-massacres","title":"2025–2026 Iran massacres","date_start":"2025-12-30"},{"id":"fall-of-aden-2026","title":"Fall of Aden (2026)","date_start":"2026-01-07"}]}}}