Category: Atrocity, from Wikidata’s class “massacre”
Ghouta chemical attack
Part of: Syrian Civil War
Wikidata classes on our event-class list: massacre (all its classes: Wikidata item)
The Ghouta chemical attack was a chemical attack carried out by the forces of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, in the early hours of 21 August 2013 in Ghouta, Syria during the Syrian civil war. It was the deadliest use of chemical weapons in Syrian conflict and since the Iran–Iraq War. Two opposition-controlled areas in the suburbs around Damascus were struck by rockets containing the chemical agent sarin. Estimates of the death toll range from 281 to 1,729 people. The attack led to an international agreement to eliminate Syria's chemical weapons, but this was not completed and further chemical attacks occurred, including Khan Shaykhun in 2017 and Douma in 2018.
Text retrieved 2026-09-26 from Wikipedia.
Cite this
The link is the Wikipedia revision of October 18, 2026 (revision 1380802577), whose lead is exactly the text shown here.
APA 7
Ghouta chemical attack. (2026, October 18). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ghouta_chemical_attack&oldid=1380802577
MLA 9
“Ghouta chemical attack.” Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 18 Oct. 2026, en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ghouta_chemical_attack&oldid=1380802577.
Chicago (note)
Wikipedia, “Ghouta chemical attack,” last modified October 18, 2026, 00:33 (UTC), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ghouta_chemical_attack&oldid=1380802577.
Chicago (shortened note)
Wikipedia, “Ghouta chemical attack.”
Chicago cites well-known reference works such as Wikipedia in notes only, not in the bibliography.
This event on Middle East, 1900–present: https://middleeast.events/event/ghouta-chemical-attack
If you use the map’s borders: CShapes 2.0 - historical country borders. Schvitz, G., et al. (2022). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. https://icr.ethz.ch/data/cshapes/ (modified by middleeast.events); West Bank Areas A/B/C: UN OCHA / HDX "Oslo Agreement" Areas A/B/C (West Bank). Distributed under the legacy HumanitarianResponse.info terms: non-commercial use with credit to UN OCHA. https://data.humdata.org/dataset/state-of-palestine-other-0-0-0-0-0; some corrected border points: GeoNames - CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). https://www.geonames.org/
Text from Wikipedia, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 by Wikipedia contributors, from the article Ghouta chemical attack. Classes are Wikidata’s labels (CC0). “Part of” is Wikidata’s statement, in its labels (CC0).