Category: Treaty, from Wikidata’s class “treaty”
Mecca Joint Defence Agreement
The Mecca Defence Alliance, formerly known as the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement, is a defence pact between Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Turkey signed into force on 7 August 2026. It builds upon the earlier Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement signed between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia on 17 September 2025 to include Turkey. The pact's ratification was officially announced amidst the 2026 Iran war. The text has not been released.
The Mecca Defence Alliance enshrines a collective security arrangement modelled on Article 5 of NATO, with its official announcement stating that "any armed attack against any one of the three states shall be regarded as an attack against them all." The trilateral pact has been described by Steven A. Cook as a "major change" in Middle East geopolitics, and the first institutional arrangement of its kind in the region.
Text retrieved 2026-10-10 from Wikipedia.
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The link is the Wikipedia revision of October 10, 2026 (revision 1379472083), whose lead is exactly the text shown here.
APA 7
Mecca Joint Defence Agreement. (2026, October 10). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mecca_Joint_Defence_Agreement&oldid=1379472083
MLA 9
“Mecca Joint Defence Agreement.” Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 10 Oct. 2026, en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mecca_Joint_Defence_Agreement&oldid=1379472083.
Chicago (note)
Wikipedia, “Mecca Joint Defence Agreement,” last modified October 10, 2026, 05:05 (UTC), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mecca_Joint_Defence_Agreement&oldid=1379472083.
Chicago (shortened note)
Wikipedia, “Mecca Joint Defence Agreement.”
Chicago cites well-known reference works such as Wikipedia in notes only, not in the bibliography.
This event on Middle East, 1900–present: https://middleeast.events/event/mecca-joint-defence-agreement
If you use the map’s borders: CShapes 2.0 - historical country borders. Schvitz, G., et al. (2022). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. https://icr.ethz.ch/data/cshapes/ (modified by middleeast.events); West Bank Areas A/B/C: UN OCHA / HDX "Oslo Agreement" Areas A/B/C (West Bank). Distributed under the legacy HumanitarianResponse.info terms: non-commercial use with credit to UN OCHA. https://data.humdata.org/dataset/state-of-palestine-other-0-0-0-0-0; some corrected border points: GeoNames - CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). https://www.geonames.org/
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Text from Wikipedia, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 by Wikipedia contributors, from the article Mecca Joint Defence Agreement.