Category: War, from Wikidata’s class “military operation”
Opération Chammal
Part of: War against the Islamic State, Syrian Civil War
Wikidata classes on our event-class list: military operation (all its classes: Wikidata item)
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Opération Chammal is a French military operation in Iraq and Syria launched to help curtail the expansion of the Islamic State and to support the Iraqi Army. Its name comes from the Shamal (Chammal in French), a northwesterly wind that blows over Iraq and the Persian Gulf states.
Airstrikes in Iraq began on 19 September 2014 and airstrikes in Syria by the end of September 2015. The French operation was at first limited to airstrikes and French president François Hollande had stated no ground troops would be deployed in the conflict. Additionally, the French frigate Jean Bart joined the United States Navy's Commander Task Force 50 (CTF 50) as an escort.
On 14 November 2015, ISIS claimed that the terrorist attacks that took place in Paris the previous day were retaliation for Opération Chammal. In response, France decided to expand the scope of its operations against the Islamist group, leading to significant assets being deployed.
Text retrieved 2026-09-26 from Wikipedia.
Cite this
The link is the Wikipedia revision of August 23, 2026 (revision 1370767063), whose lead is exactly the text shown here.
APA 7
Opération Chammal. (2026, August 23). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Op%C3%A9ration_Chammal&oldid=1370767063
MLA 9
“Opération Chammal.” Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 23 Aug. 2026, en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Op%C3%A9ration_Chammal&oldid=1370767063.
Chicago (note)
Wikipedia, “Opération Chammal,” last modified August 23, 2026, 00:24 (UTC), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Op%C3%A9ration_Chammal&oldid=1370767063.
Chicago (shortened note)
Wikipedia, “Opération Chammal.”
Chicago cites well-known reference works such as Wikipedia in notes only, not in the bibliography.
This event on Middle East, 1900–present: https://middleeast.events/event/operation-chammal
If you use the map’s borders: CShapes 2.0 - historical country borders. Schvitz, G., et al. (2022). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. https://icr.ethz.ch/data/cshapes/ (modified by middleeast.events); West Bank Areas A/B/C: UN OCHA / HDX "Oslo Agreement" Areas A/B/C (West Bank). Distributed under the legacy HumanitarianResponse.info terms: non-commercial use with credit to UN OCHA. https://data.humdata.org/dataset/state-of-palestine-other-0-0-0-0-0; some corrected border points: GeoNames - CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). https://www.geonames.org/
No map location: Wikipedia and Wikidata give no coordinates for this event, so it has no marker on the map.
Text from Wikipedia, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 by Wikipedia contributors, from the article Opération Chammal. Classes are Wikidata’s labels (CC0). “Part of” is Wikidata’s statement, in its labels (CC0).