Middle East, 1900–present All events

Category: War, from Wikidata’s class “war”

Operation Grapes of Wrath

27 April 1996 · Lebanon

Part of: Arab–Israeli conflict

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Operation Grapes of Wrath (Hebrew: מבצע ענבי זעם Mivtsa Enavi Zaam), known in Lebanon as the April Aggression (Arabic: عدوان نيسان, romanized: ʿUdwān Nīsān), was a seventeen-day campaign of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) against Hezbollah in 1996 which attempted to end the Iran-backed group's rocket attacks on northern Israeli civilian centres by forcing the group north of the Litani River, out of easy range of these civilian centres. Prior to the operation, Hezbollah had launched 151 rockets from Lebanon into Israel, killing two Israeli civilians and seriously wounding 24 other Israeli civilians.

In their attempt to degrade and destroy Hezbollah, the IDF conducted more than 600 air raids and fired approximately 25,000 shells, killing approximately 154 Lebanese civilians and wounding 351. Over 100 Lebanese civilians died after the IDF shelled the UNIFIL position in Qana where they had taken shelter. After the outbreak of Israel’s response, 639 Hezbollah cross-border rocket attacks targeted northern Israel, wounding 62 civilians. Hezbollah forces also participated in numerous engagements with Israeli and South Lebanon Army forces.

The conflict was de-escalated on 27 April by a ceasefire agreement banning attacks on civilians.

Text retrieved 2026-09-26 from Wikipedia.

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The link is the Wikipedia revision of September 2, 2026 (revision 1372784188), whose lead is exactly the text shown here.

APA 7

Operation Grapes of Wrath. (2026, September 2). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operation_Grapes_of_Wrath&oldid=1372784188

MLA 9

“Operation Grapes of Wrath.” Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 2 Sept. 2026, en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operation_Grapes_of_Wrath&oldid=1372784188.

Chicago (note)

Wikipedia, “Operation Grapes of Wrath,” last modified September 2, 2026, 06:57 (UTC), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operation_Grapes_of_Wrath&oldid=1372784188.

Chicago (shortened note)

Wikipedia, “Operation Grapes of Wrath.”

Chicago cites well-known reference works such as Wikipedia in notes only, not in the bibliography.

This event on Middle East, 1900–present: https://middleeast.events/event/operation-grapes-of-wrath

If you use the map’s borders: CShapes 2.0 - historical country borders. Schvitz, G., et al. (2022). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. https://icr.ethz.ch/data/cshapes/ (modified by middleeast.events); West Bank Areas A/B/C: UN OCHA / HDX "Oslo Agreement" Areas A/B/C (West Bank). Distributed under the legacy HumanitarianResponse.info terms: non-commercial use with credit to UN OCHA. https://data.humdata.org/dataset/state-of-palestine-other-0-0-0-0-0; some corrected border points: GeoNames - CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). https://www.geonames.org/

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Text from Wikipedia, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 by Wikipedia contributors, from the article Operation Grapes of Wrath. “Part of” is Wikidata’s statement, in its labels (CC0).